व्रत (vrata)

व्रत

mn.

(

-तः-तं

)

1.

Any

meritorious

act

of

devotion,

the

voluntary

or

vowed

observance,

or

imposition

of

any

penance,

austerity,

or

privation,

as

fasting,

continence,

exposure

to

heat

and

cold,

&c.

2.

Eating.

3.

Design,

plan.

4.

Vow,

resolution.

5.

Course

of

con-

duct.

Etymology

वृ

to

choose,

Affix.

अतच्,

र

substituted

for

the

vowel

or

व्रज्

to

go,

(

to

heaven

by

it,

)

घ

Affix.

and

ज

changed

to

त

।

व्रत॑

neuter

will,

decree,

command,

statute,

order

dominion,

province,

sphere

wont

activity

or

occupation

conduct,

way

of

life

choice,

determination,

resolution,

vow

holy

work,

religious

observance

duty,

obedience,

service.

व्रत

(

तः-तं

)

1.

Masculine.

Neuter.

A

vow

eating.

व्रत

mn.

(

-तः-तं

)

1

Any

meritorious

act

of

devotion,

the

voluntary

or

vowed

observance,

or

imposition

of

any

penance,

austerity,

or

privation,

as

fasting,

continence,

exposure

to

heat

and

cold,

&c.

2

Eating.

Etymology

वृ

to

choose,

Affix.

अतच्,

र

substituted

for

the

vowel,

or

व्रज

to

go,

(

to

heaven

by

it,

)

घ

Affix.

and

the

form

Irregular

.

व्रतः

[

vratḥ

]

तम्

[

tam

],

तम्

[

व्रज्-घ

जस्य

तः

]

A

religious

act

of

devotion

or

austerity,

vowed

observance,

a

vow

in

general

अभ्यस्यतीव

व्रतमासिधारम्

Raghuvamsa (Bombay).

13.67

2.4,

25

(

there

are

several

vratas

enjoined

in

the

different

Purāṇas

but

their

number

cannot

be

said

to

be

fixed,

as

new

ones,

Exempli gratia, for example.

सत्यनारांयणव्रत,

are

being

added

every

day

).

A

vow,

promise,

resolve

सो$भूद्

भग्नव्रतः

शत्रूनुद्धृत्य

प्रतिरोपयन्

Raghuvamsa (Bombay).

17.42

so

सत्यव्रत,

पुण्यव्रत,

दृढव्रत

Et cætera.

Object

of

devotion

or

faith,

devotion

as

in

पतिव्रताः

(

पतिर्व्रतं

यस्याः

सा

)

यान्ति

देवव्रता

देवान्

पितॄन्

यान्ति

पितृव्रताः

Bhagavadgîtâ (Bombay).

9.25.

A

rite,

an

observance,

practice,

as

in

अर्कव्रत

quod vide, which see.

Śabaraswāmin

difines

it

as

पुरुषाणां

क्रियार्थानां

शरीरधारणार्थो

बलकरणार्थश्चायं

संस्कारो

व्रतं

नाम

ŚB.

on

MS.*

4.3.8.

Mode

of

life,

course

of

conduct

अथ

तु

वेत्सि

शुचि

व्रतमात्मनः

Sakuntalâ (Bombay).

5.27.

An

ordinance,

a

law,

rule.

Sacrifice.

An

act,

deed,

work.

A

design,

plan.

Mental

activity

व्रतमिति

च

मानसं

कर्म

उच्यते

ŚB.

on

MS.*

6.2.2.

Celibacy

व्रतलोपनम्

Manusmṛiti.

11.61

(

com.

ब्रह्मचारिणो

मैथुनम्

)

Mahâbhârata (Bombay).

*

12.11.22.

(

com.

व्रतं

ब्रह्मचर्याद्युपेतमध्ययनम्

).

Compound.

-आचरणम्

the

observance

of

a

vow.

-आदेशः

investiture

of

a

youth

(

of

any

one

of

the

three

classes

)

with

the

sacred

thread.

-उपवासः

a

fast

for

a

vow.

-ग्रहणम्

initiation

into

a

vow

for

a

religious

performance.

-चर्यः

a

religious

student

see

ब्रह्मचारिन्.

-चर्या

observance

or

practice

of

a

religious

vow.

-धारणम्

the

fulfilling

of

a

religious

observance.

-पारणम्,

-णा

conclusion

of

a

vow

or

fast,

eating

after

a

fast.

-प्रतिष्ठा

performance

of

a

religious

vow

voluntarily

undertaken.

भङ्गः

breach

of

a

vow.

breach

of

a

promise.

-भिक्षा

begging

alms

as

part

of

the

ceremony

of

investiture

with

the

sacred

thread.

-रुचि

Adjective.

delighting

in

religious

observances,

devout.

-लोपनम्

breaking

a

vow.-वैकल्यम्

the

incompletion

of

a

religious

vow.

-संग्रहः

initiation

into

a

vow.

-संपादनम्

fulfilling

a

religious

vow.

-स्थ

Adjective.

practising

any

vow.

-स्थः

a

celibate

व्रतस्थमपि

दौहित्रं

श्राद्धे

यत्नेन

भोजयेत्

Manusmṛiti.

3.234.

-स्नात

Adjective.

one

who

has

bathed

after

completing

a

religious

vow.-स्नातकः

a

Brāhmaṇa

who

has

completed

the

first

stage

of

his

religious

life,

id est, that is.

that

of

a

Brahmachārin

or

religious

student

see

स्नातक:

Manusmṛiti.

4.31.

व्रतः

तं

[

व्रज्-घ

जस्य

तः

]

1

A

religious

act

of

devotion

or

austerity,

vowed

observance,

a

vow

in

general

अभ्यस्यतीव

व्रतमासिधारं

R.

13.

67,

2.

4,

25

(

there

are

several

vratas

enjoined

in

the

different

Purāṇas

but

their

number

cannot

be

said

to

be

fixed,

as

new

ones,

e.

g.

सत्यनारायणव्रत,

are

being

added

every

day.

)

2

A

vow,

promise,

resolve

सोऽभूद्

भग्नव्रतः

शत्रूनुद्धृत्य

प्रतिरोपयन्

R.

17.

42

so

सत्यव्रत,

पुण्यव्रत,

दृढव्रत

&c.

3

Object

of

devotion

or

faith,

devotion

as

in

पतिव्रता

(

पतिर्व्रतं

यस्याः

सा

)

यांति

देवव्रता

देवान्

पितॄन्

यांति

पितृव्रताः

Bg.

9.

25.

4

A

rite,

an

observance,

practice,

as

in

अर्कव्रत

q

v.

5

Mode

of

life,

course

of

conduct

Ś.

5.

27.

6

An

ordinance,

a

law,

rule.

7

Sacrifice.

8

An

act,

a

deed,

work.

9

A

design,

plan.

Comp.

आचरणं

the

observance

of

a

vow.

आदेशः

investiture

of

a

youth

(

of

any

one

of

the

three

classes

)

with

the

sacred

thread.

उपवासः

a

fast

for

a

vow.

ग्रहणं

initiation

into

a

vow

for

a

religious

performance.

चर्यः

a

religious

student

see

ब्रह्मचारिन्.

चर्या

observance

or

practice

of

a

religious

vow.

पारणं,

णा

conclusion

of

a

vow

or

fast,

eating

after

a

fast.

प्रतिष्ठा

performance

of

a

religious

vow

voluntarily

undertaken.

भंगः

{1}

breach

of

a

vow.

{2}

breach

of

a

promise.

भिक्षा

begging

alms

as

part

of

the

ceremony

of

investiture

with

the

sacred

thread.

लोपनं

breaking

a

vow.

वैकल्यं

the

incompletion

of

a

religious

vow.

संग्रहः

initiation

into

a

vow.

स्थ

a.

practising

any

vow.

स्नातकः

a

Brāhmaṇa

who

has

completed

the

first

stage

of

his

religious

life,

i.

e.

that

of

a

Brahmacārin

or

religious

student

see

स्नातक.

व्रत॑

neuter gender.

(

ifc.

f(

आ

).

from.

√

2.

वृ

)

will,

command,

law,

ordinance,

rule,

ṛg-veda

obedience,

service,

ib.

atharva-veda

āśvalāyana-gṛhya-sūtra

dominion,

realm,

ṛg-veda

sphere

of

action,

function,

mode

or

manner

of

life

(

e.g.

शुचि-व्र्°,

‘pure

manner

of

life’,

śakuntalā

),

conduct,

manner,

usage,

custom,

ṛg-veda

et cetera.

et cetera.

a

religious

vow

or

practice,

any

pious

observance,

meritorious

act

of

devotion

or

austerity,

solemn

vow,

rule,

holy

practice

(

as

fasting,

continence

et cetera.

व्रतं॑-√

चर्,

‘to

observe

a

vow’,

especially.

‘to

practise

chastity’

),

ib.

any

vow

or

firm

purpose,

resolve

to

(

dative case.

locative case.

,

or

comp.

व्रतात्

or

व्रत-वशात्,

‘in

consequence

of

a

vow’

confer, compare.

असि-धारा-व्रत

and

आसिधारं

व्रतम्

),

mahābhārata

kāvya literature

et cetera.

the

practice

of

always

eating

the

same

food

(

confer, compare.

मधु-व्र्°

),

Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, &c.

the

feeding

only

on

milk

(

as

a

fast

or

observance

according

to

rule

also

the

milk

itself

),

vājasaneyi-saṃhitā

brāhmaṇa

kātyāyana-śrauta-sūtra

any

food

(

in

अ-याचित-व्र्°,

q.v.

)

equal, equivalent to, the same as, explained by.

महा-व्रत

(

i.e.

a

partic.

Stotra,

and

the

day

for

it

),

brāhmaṇa

śrauta-sūtra

(

with

genitive case.

or

ifc.

)

nalopākhyāna

of

Sāmans,

ĀrṣBr.

(

Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, &c.

also

‘month’

season

year

fire

‘=

Viṣṇu’

‘N.

of

one

of

the

seven

islands

of

Antara-dvīpa’

)

व्र॑त

masculine gender.

(

of

unknown

meaning

),

atharva-veda

v,

1,

7

āpastamba-śrauta-sūtra

xiii,

16,

8

nalopākhyāna

of

a

son

of

Manu

and

Naḍvalā,

bhāgavata-purāṇa

(

plural number.

)

nalopākhyāna

of

a

country

belonging

to

Prācya,

Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, &c.

व्रत॑

Masculine, Feminine, Neuter

equal, equivalent to, the same as, explained by.

वेद-व्रत,

one

who

has

taken

the

vow

of

learning

the

Veda,

Gṛhyās.

ii,

3

(

Sch.

)

व्रत

व्रत,

अस्,

अम्,

m.

n.

(

probably

an

old

past

pass.

participle

fr.

rt.

वृ

),

anything

enclosed,

an

enclosed

place,

enclosure,

realm,

sphere,

sway

(

Ved.

)

anything

fenced

off

or

settled,

a

law,

ordinance,

com-

mand,

rule,

(

अनु-व्रतम्,

according

to

law

or

ordi-

nance

)

rite,

observance,

practice

[

cf.

अर्क-व्°,

यम-व्°

]

any

religious

act

or

obligation

enjoined

by

the

gods

a

sacrifice

a

self-chosen

or

voluntary

act,

any

meritorious

act

of

devotion

or

austerity,

fasting,

continence,

vowed

observance,

solemn

pur-

pose,

vow,

(

असि-धारा-व्रत

or

आसिधारं

व्र-

तम्,

a

vow

to

stand

on

the

edge

of

a

sword

or

a

vow

as

difficult

as

standing

on

the

edge

of

a

sword

)

action,

agency,

doing,

work,

deed

a

design,

plan

eating,

in

पयो-व्रत,

q.

v.

[

cf.

probably

Gr.

ἑορτή.

]

—व्रत-कल्पद्रुम,

अम्,

n.,

N.

of

a

work

by

Ratnākara.

—व्रत-चर्या,

f.

the

practice

of

religious

vows

(

अस्

),

m.

a

religious

student.

—व्रत-

चारिन्,

ई,

इणी,

इ,

Ved.

vow-performing,

fulfilling

or

performing

vows.

—व्रत-तत्त्व,

अम्,

n.,

N.

of

a

part

of

the

Smṛti-tattva.

—व्रत-निमित्त,

अस्,

आ,

अम्,

caused

by

a

vow.

—व्रत-पति,

इस्,

m.,

Ved.

‘lord

of

vows,

’

epithet

of

Agni.

—व्रत-पा,

आस्,

आस्,

अम्,

Ved.

upholding

ordinances,

protecting

sacred

rites.

—व्रत-पारण,

अम्,

आ,

n.

f.

conclusion

of

a

fast,

eating

or

drinking

after

a

fast.

—व्रत-प्र-

काश,

अस्,

m.

‘illustration

of

vows,

’

N.

of

a

work

by

Viśva-nātha

on

the

subject

of

vows

(

compiled

from

the

Purāṇas

and

other

more

ancient

sources

).

—व्र-

त-प्रतिष्ठा,

f.

the

performance

of

a

religious

act

voluntarily

undertaken.

—व्रत-भङ्ग,

अस्,

m.

the

interruption

of

an

act

of

devotion,

breach

of

a

vow.

—व्रत-भिक्षा,

f.

soliciting

alms

(

as

one

of

the

ceremonies

accompanying

investiture

).

—व्रत-भृत्,

त्,

m.,

Ved.

‘bearer

of

sacrifices,

’

epithet

of

Agni.

—व्रत-राज,

अस्,

m.

=

व्रत-प्रकाश

above.

—व्रत-लुप्त,

अस्,

आ,

अम्,

one

who

has

broken

a

vow

(

of

fasting

&c.

).

—व्रत-लोपन,

अम्,

n.

the

breaking

of

a

vow

(

of

fasting,

chastity,

&c.

),

violat-

ing

any

religious

vow

or

obligation.

—व्रत-वै-

कल्य,

अम्,

n.

imperfection

or

incompletion

of

a

vow

or

religious

observance.

—व्रत-शेष,

अस्,

m.

the

remainder

of

a

religious

vow.

—व्रत-संर-

क्षण,

अम्,

n.

the

keeping

of

a

vow,

observing

penance.

—व्रत-सङ्ग्रह,

अस्,

m.

undertaking

any

act

of

devotion,

taking

on

one's

self

any

voluntary

religious

obligation

(

=

दीक्षा

).

—व्रत-स्थ,

अस्,

आ,

अम्,

engaged

in

religious

austerities

or

in

a

vow

of

any

kind,

performing

penance.

—व्रत-स्नातक,

अस्,

m.

a

Brāhman

who

has

completed

his

term

of

studentship,

(

see

स्नातक।

)

—व्रताचरण

(

°त-

आच्°

),

अम्,

n.

the

act

of

observing

a

vow

or

religious

obligation

(

especially

that

of

continence,

as

the

duty

of

a

religious

student

cf.

ब्रह्म-चर्य

).

—व्र-

तादान

(

°त-आद्°

),

अम्,

n.

undertaking

the

obliga-

tions

of

a

devotee.

—व्रतादेश

(

°त-आद्°

),

अस्,

m.

investiture

of

a

youth

of

one

of

the

first

three

classes

with

the

sacred

cord.

—व्रतोपवास

(

°त-उप्°

),

अस्,

m.

fasting

as

a

religious

obligation,

a

fast.

—व्रतोपा-

यन

(

°त-उप्°

),

अम्,

n.

=

वायन,

presents

of

cakes

&c.

which

may

be

eaten

during

a

religious

feast.

व्रत

vra-tá,

Neuter.

[

willed:

√

vṛ:

perh.

old

pp.

]

🞄〈1.〉

V.:

will,

command,

law,

ordinance

dominion

🞄service,

obedience

realm

regular

🞄sphere

or

function

〈2.〉

V.,

C.:

operation,

action,

🞄doings,

conduct,

manner,

mode

of

life

🞄(

with

suci

=

clear

conscience

)

religious

rite

🞄or

service

duty,

towards

(

—°

)

religions

or

🞄ascetic

observance

taken

upon

oneself,

austerity,

🞄[

Page305-1

]

🞄vow,

rule,

holy

work

(

such

as

fasting

🞄and

continence

)

〈3.〉

C.

vow

(

in

general

),

resolve,

🞄to

(

d.,

lc.

of

vbl.

ɴ.,

—°

):

ab.

in

consequence

🞄of

a

vow

(

á

)

-ṃ

car,

observe

a

vow,

🞄esp.

practise

chastity.

व्रत

व्रत

(

an

old

ptcple.

of

the

pf.

pass.

of

वृ

),

Neuter.

1.

A

(

self-chosen

)

voluntary

act,

Chr.

43,

24

rule,

Rām.

3,

53,

18

Bhartṛ.

2,

69.

2.

Action,

doing,

Man.

9,

304.

3.

Work,

Chr.

295,

12

=

Rigv.

i.

92,

12.

4.

A

devout

act,

Man.

2,

173

as

fasting,

continence,

a

vowed

observance,

a

vow,

Vikr.

37,

7

Pañc.

260,

13.

5.

Eating

(

cf.

पयस्

-व्रत

).

--

Compound

अ-,

Adjective.

one

who

does

not

observe

the

rules

of

his

order,

Man.

3,

170.

अर्क-,

Neuter.

levying

taxes,

draw-

ing

the

wealth

of

the

people,

as

the

sun

evaporates

water,

Man.

9,

305.

असि-धारा-,

Neuter.

a

vow

to

stand

on

the

edge

of

a

sword,

Pañc.

196,

15.

आर्य-,

Adjective.

one

who

observes

the

rules

of

the

Āryas,

or

respectable

men,

MBh.

1,

7424.

इन्दु-,

Neuter.

a

kind

of

vow,

MBh.

13,

1797.

इन्द्र-,

Neuter.

the

duty

of

the

king

to

distribute

gratifications,

Man.

9,

304.

गो-,

Adjective.

continent,

MBh.

5,

3560.

गौरी-,

Neuter.

lasciviousness,

Hit.

42,

2.

दण्ड-,

Neuter.

judicial

power,

Bhāg.

P.

4,

13,

22.

दृढ-,

Adjective.

1.

one

who

observes

his

vows,

Man.

11,

81.

2.

persevering

in

observing

one's

vow,

Sund.

1,

10.

3.

persisting

in,

Rām.

3,

52,

52.

देव-,

Adjective.

attached

to

the

deities,

pious,

Bhāg.

P.

1,

9,

1.

धृत-,

Adjective.

attached,

faithful,

Rām.

3,

2,

18.

नियम-,

Neuter.

vow

of

penance,

Pañc.

165,

9.

निस्-,

Adjective.

one

who

does

not

observe

the

religious

precepts,

MBh.

12,

1335.

पति-,

I.

Neuter.

fidelity

to

one's

husband,

ib.

13,

165

Böhtl.

Ind.

Spr.

741.

II.

Feminine.

ता,

a

faithful

or

virtuous

woman,

Pañc.

iii.

d.

151.

पयोव्रत,

i.

e.

पयस्-,

I.

Neuter.

the

vow

of

living

only

on

milk,

Bhāg.

P.

8,

16,

58.

II.

Adjective.

,

Feminine.

ता,

nourished

by

milk

alone,

Man.

11,

144.

ब्रह्मव्रत,

i.

e.

ब्रह्-

मन्-

(

Neuter.

),

chastity,

Pañc.

187,

6.

मधु-,

Masculine.

a

bee.

महा-,

Adjective.

,

Feminine.

ता,

one

who

has

undergone

great

austeri-

ties,

Chr.

17,

27

40,

15

(

read

महा-

व्रतः

).

मारुत-,

Neuter.

the

duty

of

a

king

to

trace

out

everything

by

means

of

spies,

cf.

Man.

9,

306.

मौन-,

Adjective.

,

Feminine.

ता,

holding

one's

tongue,

Pañc.

94,

8.

यत-

(

vb.

यम्

),

Adjective.

firm

to

an

engagement

or

vow,

Johns.

Sel.

36,

12.

यम-,

Neuter.

the

duty

of

a

king

to

punish

offences

without

partiality,

cf.

Man.

9,

305.

रहस्य-,

Neuter.

the

command

of

that

mysterious

power

by

which

mystical

weapons

may

be

wielded.

विपुल-,

Adjective.

of

great

devo-

tion,

Johns.

Sel.

4,

17.

सम्-शित-

(

vb.

शि

),

Adjective.

1.

one

who

has

accomplished

his

vow,

Man.

1,

104

(

read

संशित

in-

stead

of

शंसित

).

2.

faithful

to

a

vow

or

obligation,

Johns.

Sel.

1,

1.

सत्य-,

I.

Adjective.

veracious,

honest,

Rām.

3,

55,

38.

II.

Masculine.

a

proper

name,

Pañc.

iii.

d.

270.

सु-,

I.

Adjective.

rigidly

observing

any

religious

vow

or

obligation,

virtuous,

Chr.

58,

6.

II.

Feminine.

ता।

1.

a

virtuous

wife.

2.

a

cow

easily

milked.

3.

a

proper

name,

Śāk.

102,

22

(

Prākṛ.

).

स्तुति-,

Masculine.

a

bard,

a

herald.

--

Cf.

probably

ἑορτή.

तपस्या

व्रतः

पुंलिङ्गम्

-

"व्रज्

+

घ,

जस्य

तः"

"भक्ति

या

साधना

का

धार्मिक

कृत्य,

प्रतिज्ञात

का

पालन,

प्रतिज्ञा,

पण"

व्रतः

पुंलिङ्गम्

-

"व्रज्

+

घ,

जस्य

तः"

"संकल्प,

प्रतिज्ञा,

दृढ़

निश्यय"

व्रतः

पुंलिङ्गम्

-

"व्रज्

+

घ,

जस्य

तः"

"भक्ति

या

आस्था

का

पदार्थ,

भक्ति,

"

व्रतः

पुंलिङ्गम्

-

"व्रज्

+

घ,

जस्य

तः"

"संस्कार

अनुष्ठान,

अभ्यास"

व्रतः

पुंलिङ्गम्

-

"व्रज्

+

घ,

जस्य

तः"

"जीवनचर्या,

आचरण,

चालचलन

"

व्रतः

पुंलिङ्गम्

-

"व्रज्

+

घ,

जस्य

तः"

"अध्यादेश,

विधि,

नियम"

व्रतः

पुंलिङ्गम्

-

"व्रज्

+

घ,

जस्य

तः"

यज्ञ

व्रतः

पुंलिङ्गम्

-

"व्रज्

+

घ,

जस्य

तः"

"कर्म,

करतब,

कार्य"

व्रतम्

नपुंलिङ्गम्

-

"व्रज्

+

घ,

जस्य

तः"

"भक्ति

या

साधना

का

धार्मिक

कृत्य,

प्रतिज्ञात

का

पालन,

प्रतिज्ञा,

पण"

व्रतम्

नपुंलिङ्गम्

-

"व्रज्

+

घ,

जस्य

तः"

"संकल्प,

प्रतिज्ञा,

दृढ़

निश्यय"

व्रतम्

नपुंलिङ्गम्

-

"व्रज्

+

घ,

जस्य

तः"

"भक्ति

या

आस्था

का

पदार्थ,

भक्ति,

"

व्रतम्

नपुंलिङ्गम्

-

"व्रज्

+

घ,

जस्य

तः"

"संस्कार

अनुष्ठान,

अभ्यास"

व्रतम्

नपुंलिङ्गम्

-

"व्रज्

+

घ,

जस्य

तः"

"जीवनचर्या,

आचरण,

चालचलन

"

व्रतम्

नपुंलिङ्गम्

-

"व्रज्

+

घ,

जस्य

तः"

"अध्यादेश,

विधि,

नियम"

व्रतम्

नपुंलिङ्गम्

-

"व्रज्

+

घ,

जस्य

तः"

यज्ञ

व्रतम्

नपुंलिङ्गम्

-

"व्रज्

+

घ,

जस्य

तः"

"कर्म,

करतब,

कार्य"

व्रतः

पुंलिङ्गम्

-

"व्रज्+घ,

जस्य

तः"

मानसिक

क्रिया

कलाप

व्रतम्

नपुंलिङ्गम्

-

"व्रज्+घ,

जस्य

तः"

मानसिक

क्रिया

कलाप

vrata

{%

m.n.

%}

1.

A

rite,

an

observance

2.

design,

plan

3.

vow,

resolution,

सो‍‍ऽभूद्भग्नव्रतः

शत्रूनुद्धृत्य

प्रतिरोपयन्

R.xvii.42

4.

course

of

conduct

5.

devotion,

faithfulness,

devoted

worship,

यांति

देवव्रता

देवान्

पितॄन्

यांति

पितृव्रताः

Bg.ix.25

6.

a

religious

act

of

devotion

or

austerity

(

there

are

innumerable

Vratas

enjoined

in

the

Purāṇas

and

additions

are

being

made

even

to

the

present

day

),

R.ii.4,

25.

५,

अक्ष,

अनिल,

अनुत्तर,

अर्थ,

असु,

आशुग,

इन्द्रिय,

इषु,

कङ्कपत्री,

करणीय,

कलङ्क,

कामगुण,

कामदेव,

खग,

तत्त्व,

तन्मात्र,

धी,

नाराच,

नालीक,

पक्षि,

पञ्च,

पतङ्ग,

पत्रिन्,

पर्व,

पवन,

पाण्डव,

पुत्र,

पृषत्क,

प्राण,

बाण,

भाव,

भूत,

भेदक,

मरुत्,

महाभूत,

महाव्रत,

मार्गण,

रत्न,

लेय,

लेयक,

वध,

वर्ष्मन्,

वात,

वायु,

विशिख,

विषय,

व्रत,

शर,

शरीर,

शस्त्र,

शिलीमुख,

शूक,

श्वसन,

समिति,

सायक,

स्मरबाण,

स्मरेषु

व्रत

m.

n.

(

fortasse

a

r.

वृ

i.

e.

वर्

eligere,

transposito

वर्

in

व्र,

suff.

त

)

votum,

devotio,

pietas.

SA.

4.

3.

6.

BH.

6.

14.

N.

5.

21.

13.

69.

IN.

4.

7.

Saepe

in

fine

compos.

BAH.

e.

c.

पतिव्रता

erga

conjugem

pietatem,

devotionem

habens,

conjugi

devota,

addicta.

N.

10.

14.

13.

43.

देवव्रत

diis

addictus.

BH.

9.

25.

दृढव्रत

firma

vota

habens,

votorum

tenax.

BH.

7.

28.

9.

14.

व्रत

dh.

(

an

accurate

title

is

wanting

in

the

MS.

),

composed

in

1633

under

the

reign

of

Kalyāṇamalla

of

Iladurga.

W.

p.

333.

vrata

(

CITD

),

religious

vow

a

self-imposed

task

a

religious

act

of

devotion

or

austerity

vowed

observance

a

vow

in

general.

There

are

many

vratas

mentioned

in

the

different

Purāṇas.

But

new

vratas

crop

up

in

different

parts

of

the

country.

(

EI

4

),

five

in

number.

vratá,

n.

—1.

will

devānām

ati

vratam,

beyond

the

will

of

the

gods,

88^2

--cf.

ὑπὲρ

Διὸς

αἶσαν

decree,

command

or

Gebot,

statute

and

so

—2.

(

as

Eng.

command

is

applied

to

the

forces

under

one's

command

)

that

over

which

one

exercises

command,

domain,

Gebiet

--

further,

directly

from

the

root

again

—3.

choice,

determination

firm

resolution,

14^6

—4.

esp.

resolve

(

to

keep

a

religious

or

ascetic

observance

)

vow

or

holy

work

(

e.

g.

of

chastity,

fasting,

etc.

),

28^23,

59^5,

61^23,

64^8,

65^8

—5.

religious

duty,

duty

in

general.

[

√2vṛ,

‘will,

choose’:

for

mg

2,

observe

that

Ger.

Gebiet

formerly

meant

‘command’

and

now

means

‘domain.

’

]

व्रत

/

VRATA.

Controls

ordained

by

Vedic

Saṁhitās

are

called

Vratas.

It

is

known

as

tapas

(

penance

)

also.

Vratas

are

Avadama

etc.

When

it

involves

mortifications

of

the

body

(

tapas

)

it

is

called

tapas

or

penance.

Controlling

the

organs

of

sense

is

called

niyama

(

control

).

vrata,

fast

and

restraining

or

control

are

always

good.

(

agni

purāṇa,

Chapter

175

).

Vrata

(

‘vow’

)

in

the

later

Saṃhitās^1

and

the

Brāhmaṇas^2

has

the

peculiar

sense

of

the

‘milk’

used

by

one

who

is

living

on

that

beverage

alone

as

a

vow

or

penance.

1

)

Av.

vi.

133,

2

Taittirīya

Saṃhitā,

vi.

2,

5,

3.

4

Vājasaneyi

Saṃhitā,

iv.

11.

etc.

2

)

Śatapatha

Brāhmaṇa,

iii.

2,

2,

10.

14,

17

4,

2,

15

ix.

2,

1,

18.

Cf.

ghṛta-

vrata,

Pañcaviṃśa

Brāhmaṇa,

xviii.

2,

5.

6,

and

vrata-dughā,

the

‘cow

that

gives

the

Vrata

milk,

’

Śatapatha

Brāh-

maṇa,

iii.

2,

2,

14

xiv.

3,

1,

34.

etc.

व्रत

पुं-नपुं।

व्रतम्

समानार्थकाः

नियम,

व्रत

2।7।37।2।2

पर्यायश्चातिपातस्तु

स्यात्पर्यय

उपात्ययः।

नियमो

व्रतमस्त्री

तच्चोपवासादि

पुण्यकम्.।

==>

उपवासः

पदार्थ-विभागः

,

क्रिया

व्रतं,

क्ली

पुंलिङ्गम्

भक्षणम्

।

इत्युणादिकोषः

॥

(

व्रियतेइति

।

वृञ्

वरणे

+

बाहुलकात्

अतच्

।

सचकित्

।

)

पुण्यजनकोपवासादि

।

तत्पर्य्यायः

।नियमः

२

पुण्यकम्

३

।

इत्यमरः

॥

नियामः

४संयमः

५

।

इति

शब्दरत्नावली

॥

अथ

व्रत-विधिः

।

तदारम्भप्रतिष्ठयोर्व्वर्ज्यकालमाहज्योतिषे

।

गुरोर्भृगोरस्तबाल्ये

वार्द्धके

सिंहगेगुरौ

इति

।

वृद्धो

बालो

दिनत्रयमित्यन्तम्

।मठप्रतिष्ठातत्त्वादावनुसन्धेयम्

॥

*

॥

बुधाष्टमी-व्रते

विशेषो

राजमार्त्तण्डोक्तो

यथा,

--“द्विजेन्द्रसुतसंयुक्ता

पूर्णा

या

च

सिताष्टमी

।तस्यां

नियमकर्त्तारो

न

स्युः

खण्डितसम्पदः

॥

पतङ्गे

मकरे

याते

देवे

जाग्रति

माधवे

।बुधाष्टमीं

प्रकुर्वीत

वर्जयित्वा

तु

चैत्रकीम्

॥

प्रसुप्ते

च

जगन्नाथे

सन्ध्याकाले

मधौ

तथा

।बुधाष्टमीं

न

कुर्वीत

कृता

हन्ति

पुराकृतम्

॥

”अथ

व्रतानुष्ठानम्

।

तत्र

देवलः

।“अभुक्त्वा

प्रातराहारं

स्नात्वा

चैव

समाहितः

।सूर्य्यादिदेवताभ्यश्च

निवेद्य

व्रतमाचरेत्

॥

ब्रह्मचर्य्यं

तथा

शौचं

सत्यमामिषवर्ज्जनम्

।व्रतेष्वेतानि

चत्वारि

वरिष्ठानीति

निश्चयः

॥

”अत्र

प्रातरित्यस्याभुक्त्वेत्यत्र

नान्वयः

।

किन्तुव्रतमित्यनेनान्वयोऽभ्यर्हितत्वात्

।“प्रातः

सङ्कल्पयेद्बिद्बानुपवासव्रतादिकम्

।नापराह्णे

न

मध्याह्रे

पित्रकालौ

हि

तौ

स्मृतौ

॥

”इति

वराहपुराणैकवाक्यत्वाच्च

।

वतश्चाभुक्त्वाप्रातराहारमिति

।“मुनिभिर्द्विरशनं

प्रोक्तं

विप्राणां

मर्त्यवासिनांनित्यम्

।अहनि

च

तथा

तमस्विन्यां

सार्द्धप्रहरया-मान्तः

॥

”इति

छन्दोगपरिशिष्टादेकाहार

पूर्व्वदिने

कृतापरदिने

स्नात्वाचम्य

सूर्य्यादिदेवेभ्यो

निवेद्य

।ओँ

सूर्य्यः

सोमो

यम

इत्यादिमन्त्रेण

सान्निध्यंप्रार्थ्य

व्रतमाचरेत्

।

ततः

सङ्कल्पयेत्

।

यद्वासूर्य्यादिदेवेभ्यो

निवेद्य

पूजनीयद्रव्यादि

दत्त्वाव्रतमाचरेत्

व्रतं

कुर्य्यात्

।

तद्विधानञ्च

शान्ति-पर्व्वणि

।“गृहीत्वौडम्बरं

पात्रं

वारिपूर्णमुदङ्मुखः

।उपवासन्तु

गृह्णीयात्

यद्वा

वार्य्येव

धारयेत्

॥

”

*

॥

कर्म्मादौ

सूर्य्यपूजामाह

ब्रह्मपुराणम्

।“यावन्न

दीयते

चार्घ्यं

भास्कराय

महात्मने

।तावन्न

पूजयेद्विष्णुं

शङ्करं

वा

महेश्वरीम्

॥

”नवग्रहपूजामाह

मत्स्यपुराणम्

।“नवग्रहमखं

कृत्वा

ततः

कर्म्म

समारभेत्

।अन्यथा

फलदं

पुंसां

न

काम्यं

जायते

क्वचित्

॥

”आदित्यादिपूजामाह

पद्मपुराणम्

।“आदित्यं

गणनाथञ्च

देवीं

रुद्रं

यथाक्रमम्

।नारायणं

विशुद्धाख्यं