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यद् (yad)

 
शब्दसागरः
English
यद्
mfn.
 Relative pronoun. (-यः-या-यत्) Who, which, what.
E.
 यज् to
worship, Unādi
aff.
 अदि, with the power of डित् ।
Capeller Eng
English
य॑द्
n.
 sg. of य॑ (used also as stem °—)
as
conj.
 that
(after such verbs as say, think, etc.), in order that, as for the fact
that
when, if
wherefore, why
as, because, since. Often
correl.
 to
त॑द्
q.v.
 — अ॑ध य॑द् & यदपि although, however
यद्वा or else
however, nevertheless
यत्सत्यम् certainly, indeed.
Yates
English
यद् (यः-या-यत्)
pro. Who, which.
Spoken Sanskrit
English
यद् - yad -
ind.
 - whichever
यद् - yad -
ind.
 - whatever
यद् - yad -
ind.
 - who
यद् - yad -
ind.
 - that
यद् - yad -
ind.
 - which
यद् - yad -
ind.
 - what
यद् तद् - yad tad - adverb - whichsoever
यद् तद् - yad tad - adverb - whosoever
यद् तद् - yad tad - adverb - any
यद् तद् - yad tad - adverb - every
Wilson
English
यद्
mfn.
 relative pronoun (-यः-या-यत्) Who, which, what.
E.
 यज to worship, Uṇādi
aff.
 अदि, with the power of डित्.
Apte
English
यद् [yad], pron.
a.
 (Nom.
sing.
m.
 यः,
f.
 या,
n.
 यत्-द्) The relative pronoun corresponding 'who', 'which' or 'what' in English. (a) Its proper correlative is तद्
यस्य बुद्धिर्बलं तस्य
but sometimes इदम्, अदस्, एतद्, takethe place of तद्
sometimes the relative is used alone, its antecedent being supplied from the context. Not unfrequently two relatives are used in the same sentence
या यस्य युज्यते भूमिका तां खलु भावेन तथैव सर्वे वर्ग्याःपाठिताः
Māl.
 1
यदेव रोचते यस्मै भवेत् तत् तस्य सुन्दरम्. (b) When repeated, the relative pronoun has the sense of 'totality, and may be translated by 'whoever', 'whatever', in which case the correlative pronoun is generally repeated
यो यः शस्त्रं बिभर्ति स्वभुजगुरुबलः पाण्डवीनां चमूनां ... क्रोधान्धस्तस्य तस्य स्वयमिह जगतामन्तकस्यान्तको$हम्
Ve.*
 3.3
क्रियते यद् यदेषा कथयति
U.*
 1
यं यं पश्यसि तस्य तस्य पुरतो मा ब्रूहि दीनं वचः
Bh.*
 2.51. When joined with the interrogative pronoun or its derivatives with or without the particles चिद्, चन, वा, or अपि, it expresses the sense of 'whatever', 'any whatsoever, ', 'any'
सूतो वा सूतपुत्रो वा यो वा को वा भवाम्यहम्
Ve.*
 3.33
येन केन प्रकारेण anyhow, somehow or other
यत्र कुत्रापि, यो वा को वा, यः कश्चन
&c.
यत् किंचिदेतद् 'this is a mere trifle'
यानि कानि च मित्राणि
&c.
ind.
 As an indeclinable यद् is frequently used
to introduce a direct or subordinate assertion with or without इति at the end
सत्यो$यं जनप्रवादो यत् संपत् संपदमनुबध्नातीति
K.*
 73
तस्य कदाचिच्चिन्ता समुत्पन्ना यदर्थोत्पत्त्युपायाश्चिन्तनीयाः कर्तव्याश्च
Pt.*
 1. or
in the sense of 'because', 'since'
प्रियमा- चरितं लते त्वया मे ... यदियं पुनरप्यपाङ्गनेत्रा परिवृत्तार्धमुखी मयाद्य दृष्टा
V.*
 1.17
or किं शेषस्य भरव्यथा न वपुषि क्ष्मां न क्षिपत्येष यत्
Mu.*
 2.18
R.*
 1.27, 87
in this sense यद् is
oft
 en followed by तद् or ततः as its correlative
see यत् प्रीति- मद्भिर्वदनैः स्वसाम्यात् ...... ततस्तदीयाधरयावयोगात् ...
N.*
 22.46.Comp. -अपि
ind.
 although, though
वक्रः पन्था यदपि भवतः
Me.*
 27. -अर्थम्, -अर्थे
ind.
for which, wherefore, why, on which account
श्रूयतां यदर्थमस्मि हरिणा भवत्सकाशं प्रेषितः
Ś.*
 6
Ku.*
 5.52.
since, because
नूनं दैवं न शक्यं हि पुरुषेणातिवर्तितुम् । यदर्थं यत्नवानेव न लभे विप्रतां विभो ॥
Mb.
 -अवधि
ind.
 since which time. -आत्मक
a.
 having which essence or existence. -कारणम्, -कारणात्ind.
wherefore, on which account.
since, because.-कृते
ind.
 wherefore, why, for which person or thing.-भविष्यः a fatalist (one who says 'what will be will be')
यद्भविष्यो विनष्यति
Pt.*
 1.318. -वद
a.
 talking anything. -वा
ind.
 or else, whether
नैतद्विद्मः कतरन्नो गरीयो यद्वा जयेम यदि वा नो जयेयुः
Bg.*
 2.6
(oft en used by commentators in suggesting an alternative meaning). -वृत्तम् an adventure. -सत्यम्
ind.
 to be sure, to speak the truth, truly, forsooth
अमङ्गलाशंसया वो वचनस्य यत् सत्यं कम्पितमिव मे हृदयम्
Ve.*
 1
Mu.*
 1
Mk.*
 4.
Apte 1890
English
यद् pron. a. (Nom. sing. m. यः, f. या, यत्-द् n.) The relative pronoun corresponding to ‘who’, ‘which’ or ‘what’ in English. (a) Its proper correlative is तद्
यस्य बुद्धिबलं तस्य
but sometimes इदं, अदस्, एतद्, take the place of तद्
sometimes the relative is used alone, its antecedent being supplied from the context. Not unfrequently two relatives are used in the same sentence
या यस्य युज्यते भूमिक्रा तां खलु भावे न तथैव सर्वे वर्ग्याः पाठिताः Māl. 1
यदेव रोचते यस्मै भवेत् तत् तस्य सुंदरम्. (b) When repeated, the relative pronoun has the sense of ‘totality’, and may be translated by ‘whoever’, ‘whatever’, in which case the correlative pronoun is generally repeated
यो यः शस्त्रं विभर्ति स्वभुजगुरुबलः पांडवीनां चमूनां… क्रोधांधस्तस्य तस्य स्वयमिह जगतामंतकस्यांतकोहं Ve. 3. 30
क्रियते यद्यदेषा कथयति U. 1
यं यं पश्यसि तस्य तस्य पुरतो मा ब्रूहि दीनं वचः Bh. 2. 51. When joined with the interrogative pronoun or its derivatives with or without the particles चिद्, चन, वा, or अपि, it expresses the sense of ‘whatever’, ‘any whatsoever, ’, ‘any’
सुतो वा सूतपुत्रो वा यो वा को वा भवाम्यहं Ve. 3. 33
येन केन प्रकारेण anyhow, somehow or other
यत्र कुत्रापि, यो वा को वा, यः कश्चन &c.
यत्किंचिदेतद् ‘this is a mere trifle’
यानि कानि च मित्राणि &c.
ind. As an indeclinable यद् is frequently used 1 to introduce a direct or subordinate assertion with or without इति at the end
सत्योयं जनप्रवादो यत्संपत्संपदमनुबध्नातीति K. 73
तस्य कदाचिच्चिंता समुत्पन्ना यदर्थोत्पत्त्युपायाश्चिंतनीयाः कर्तव्याश्च Pt. 1.
2 or in the sense of ‘because, ’ ‘since’
प्रियमाचरित लते त्वया मे… यदियं पुनरप्यपांगनेत्रा परिवृत्तार्धमुखी मयाद्य दृष्टा V. 1. 17
or किं शेषस्य भरव्यथा न वषुषि क्ष्मां न क्षिपत्येष यत् Mu. 2. 18
R. 1. 27, 87
in this sense यद् is often followed by तद् or ततः as its correlative
see N. 22. 46.
Comp.
अपि ind. although, though
वक्रः पंथा यदपि भवतः Me. 27.
अर्थं,
अर्थे ind. {1} for which, wherefore, why, on which account
श्रूयतां यदर्थमस्मि हरिणा भवत्सकाशं प्रेषितः Ś. 6
Ku. 5. 52. {2} since, because
नूनं दैवं न शक्यं हि पुरुपेणातिवर्तितुम् । यदर्थं यत्नवानेव न लभे विप्रतां विभो ॥ Mb.
कारणं,
कारणात् ind. {1} wherefore, on which account. {2} since, because.
कृते ind. wherefore, why, for which person or thing.
भविष्यः a fatalist (one who says ‘what will be will be’)
Pt. 1. 318.
वा ind. or else, whether
नैतद्विद्मः कतरन्नो गरीयो यद्वा जयेम यदि वा नो जयेयुः Bg. 2. 6
(often used by commentators in suggesting an alternative meaning).
वृत्तं an adventure.
सत्यं ind. to be sure, to speak the truth, truly, forsooth
अमंगलाशंसया वो वचनस्य यत्सत्यं कंपितमिव मे हृदयं Ve. 1
Mu. 1
Mk. 4.
Monier Williams Cologne
English
य॑द् (nom. and
acc.
 sg.
n.
 and base in comp. of 3. य), who, which, what, whichever, whatever, that,
RV.
&c.
&c.
 (with correlatives तद्, त्यद्, एतद्, इदम्, अदस्, तद् एतद्, एतद् त्यद्, इदं तद्, तद् इदम्, तादृश, ईदृश, ईदृश्, एतावद्, by which it is oftener followed than preceded
or the correl. is dropped, e.g. यस् तु नारभते कर्म क्षिप्रम् भवति निर्द्रव्यः, ‘[he] indeed who does not begin work soon becomes poor’,
R.
or the rel. is dropped, e.g. अन्धकम् भर्तारं न त्यजेत् सा महा-सती, ‘she who does not desert a blind husband is a very faithful wife’,
Vet.
 यद् is often repeated to express ‘whoever’, ‘whatever’, ‘whichever’, e.g. यो यः, ‘whatever man’
या या, ‘whatever woman’
यो यज् जयति तस्य तत्, ‘whatever he wins [in war] belongs to him’,
Mn.
 vii, 96
यद् यद् वदति तद् तद् भवति, ‘whatever he says is true’, or the two relatives may be separated by हि, and are followed by the doubled or single correl. तद्, e.g. उप्यते यद् धि यद् बीजम् तत् तद् एव प्ररोहति, ‘whatever seed is sown, that even comes forth’,
Mn.
 ix, 40
similar indefinite meanings are expressed by the relative joined with तद्, e.g. यस्मै तस्मै, ‘to any one whatever’,
esp.
 in यद्वा तद्वा, ‘anything whatever’
or by यः with कश्च, कश्चन, कश्चित्, or [in later language, not in Manu] कोऽपि, e.g. यः कश्चित्, ‘whosoever’
यानि कानि च मित्राणि, ‘any friends whatsoever’
येन केनाप्य् उपायेन, ‘by any means whatsoever’. यद् is joined with त्वद् to express generalization, e.g. शूद्रांस् त्वद् यांस् त्वद्, ‘either the Śūdras or anybody else’,
ŚBr.
or immediately followed by a pers. pron. on which it lays emphasis, e.g. यो ऽहम्, ‘I that very person who’
यस् त्वं कथं वेत्थ, ‘how do you know?’,
ŚBr.
it is also used in the sense of ‘si quis’, e.g. स्त्रियं स्पृशेद् यः, ‘should any one touch a woman’. यद् is also used without the copula, e.g. अन्धो जडः पीठ-सर्पी सप्तत्या स्थविरश्च यः, ‘a blind man, an idiot, a cripple, and a man seventy years old’,
Mn.
 viii, 394
sometimes there is a change of construction in such cases, e.g. ये च मानुषाः for मानुषांश्-च,
Mn.
 x, 86
the
nom.
 sg.
n.
 यद् is then often used without regard to gender or number and may be translated by ‘as regards’, ‘as for’, e.g. क्षत्रं वा एतद् वनस्पतीनां यन् न्यग्-रोधः, ‘as for the Nyag-rodha, it is certainly the prince among trees’,
AitBr.
or by ‘that is to say’, ‘to wit’ e.g. ततो देवा एतं वज्रं ददृशुर् यद् अपः, ‘the gods then saw this thunderbolt, to wit, the water’,
ŚBr.
 यद् as an adv. conjunction generally
=
 ‘that’,
esp.
 after verbs of saying, thinking
&c.
 , often introducing an oratio directa with or without इति
इति यद्, at the end of a sentence
=
 ‘thinking that’, ‘under the impression that’ e.g.
Ratnāv.
 ii, 2/8. यद् also
=
 ‘so that’, ‘in order that’, ‘wherefore’, ‘whence’, ‘as’, ‘in as much as’, ‘since’, ‘because’ [the correlative being तद्, ‘therefore’], ‘when’, ‘if’,
RV.
&c.
&c.
अ॑ध य॑द्, ‘even if’, ‘although’,
RV.
 यद् अपि id.,
Megh.
 यद् उ - एवम्, ‘as - so’,
ŚvetUp.
यद् उत, ‘that’,
Bālar.
‘that is to say’, ‘scilicet’,
Kāraṇḍ.
Divyāv.
यत् किल, ‘that’,
Prasannar.
यच् च, ‘if’, ‘that is to say’,
Car.
यच् च-यच् च, ‘both - and’,
Divyāv.
‘that’ [accord. to
Pāṇ.
 iii, 3, 148 after expressions of ‘impossibility’, ‘disbelief’, ‘hope’, ‘disregard’, ‘reproach’ and ‘wonder’]
यद् वा, ‘or else’, ‘whether’,
Kāv.
Rājat.
[यद् वा, ‘or else’, is very often in commentators]
‘however’,
Bālar.
यद् वा - यदि वा, ‘if-or if’,
Bhag.
यद् भूयसा, ‘for the most part’,
Divyāv.
यत् सत्यम्, ‘certainly’, ‘indeed’, ‘of course’, Mṛcch.
Ratnāv.
यन् नु, with 1st pers., ‘what if I’, ‘let me’,
Divyāv.
 )
य॑द्
m.
=
 पुरुष,
Tattvas.
Monier Williams 1872
English
यद् यद्, यस्, या, यद् (the actual base of
this relative pronoun is य, except in compounds
and in the derivative यदीय
its proper correlative
is तद्, q. v., but other demonstrative pronouns and
pronominals, such as एतद्, इदम्, अदस्, तादृश,
ईदृश, सर्व, often occur in the correlative clauses
see 3. य), who, which, what, that, whoever, which-
ever, whatever, any. The relative यद् often pre-
cedes the noun to which it refers, this noun being
either put in the same case with the relative or
joined with the demonstrative (e. g. यस्य नरस्य
बुद्धिः स बलवान् or यस्य बुद्धिः स नरो
बलवान्, of whatever man there is intellect he is
strong)
sometimes the relative stands alone, an
antecedent noun or pronoun being understood from
which it takes its gender and number (e. g. ध-
नेन किं यो न ददाति, what is the use of wealth
[to him] who does not give?)
or the relative itself
may be dropped (e. g. न करोत्य् अ-कार्यं तम्
आर्यम् आहुः, they call him honourable [who] does
nothing improper to be done). Sometimes the rela-
tive यद्, with or without its demonstrative, appears
to be used redundantly to eke out the metre, or
perhaps to give force to the noun with which it is
connected, even the neut. sing. being occasionally
thus used in connection with words of a different
gender and number, and the relative being itself
almost untranslatable (e. g. यन् मरणं सो ऽस्य
विश्रामः, that very death is his rest
अन्धो जडः
पीठ-सर्पी सप्तत्या स्थविरश्-च यः, a blind
man, an idiot, a cripple, and a man seventy years
old
यत् क्षान्तिः समये श्रुतिः शिव शिवेत्य्-
उक्तिर् मनो-निर्वृतिर् असौ मुक्ति-मार्गे स्थितिः,
forbearance, obedience to ordinances, saying ‘Śiva,
Śiva, ’ contentment of mind, this is continuance on the
road of emancipation)
and sometimes this redundant
or emphatic use of यद् causes a sudden change of
construction from accusative to nominative (e. g.
अपोहेत रसान् अश्मनो लवणं चैव पशवो
ये च, he should avoid liquids, stones, and salt, and
all cattle). The relative यद् is often repeated to
express ‘whoever, ’ ‘whatever, ’ ‘whichever, ’ &c. (e. g.
यो यः, whatever man
या या, whatever woman
यद् यद्, whatever thing
यो यो यावतिथः,
whichever [is] how many soever degrees, i. e. in
proportion as each of which is advanced in the series)
or the repetition of यद् may be caused by a kind of
attraction, the second relative being equivalent to
an indefinite pronoun (e. g. यो यस्य भावः स्यात्,
whatever may be the disposition of any one
यद्
रोचते यस्मै, whatever is pleasing to any one)
or the relative may be used to express similar inde-
finite meanings when joined with कश्चित्, कश्चन,
को ऽपि, कश्च, को वा (e. g. यः कश्चित् or यः-
कश्चन, whosoever
यत् किञ्चित् or यत् किञ्च,
whatsoever
येन केनाप्य् उपायेन, by any means
whatsoever
यानि कानि च मित्राणि, any friends
whatsoever
यस्मै कस्मै च, to any one what-
ever
यस्मिन् कस्मिन् वा देशे, in any country
whatever)
or even with a demonstrative pronoun
(e. g. यस्मै तस्मै, to any one whatever
यस्-
मात् तस्मात्, from any one, from this or that per-
son
येन तेन कर्मणा, by any act whatever)
or sometimes the relative यद् is used alone with the
indefinite sense ‘any one, ’ &c. (e. g. स्त्रियं स्पृ-
शेद् यः सङ्ग्रहणं स्मृतम्, should any one
touch a woman it is called an adulterous act
याम्
अजां वृको हन्यात् पाले तत् किल्विषम् भवेत्,
if a wolf kill any she-goat the blame must be on the
keeper). यद् is also connected in a peculiar manner
with the personal pronouns, which, when placed
immediately after the relative, appear to derive force
or emphasis from this juxtaposition (e. g. यो ऽहम्,
I that very person who
यस् त्वम्, thou that very
one who, &c.). यद् in the neut. sing. is used as
an adverbial conjunction equivalent to ‘for which
reason, ’ ‘on which account, ’ ‘wherefore, ’ ‘since, ’
‘as, ’ ‘because, ’ ‘when, ’ ‘while, ’ ‘if, ’ ‘with regard
to, ’ ‘as to, ’ &c.
or still oftener as a simple con-
junction meaning ‘that, ’ especially after the verbs of
saying, hearing, &c., or such words as काम, युक्त,
आश्चर्य, &c. (e. g. धीवरैर् उक्तं यत् — , it was
said by the fishermen that —
श्रुतं त्वया यत् — ,
it has been heard by thee that —
आश्चर्यं यत् — ,
it is a wonder that — )
frequently followed by a verb
in the indicative (e. g. अयं नूतनो न्यायो यद्
अरातिं हत्वा सन्तापः क्रियते, this is a new
doctrine that having killed an enemy remorse is expe-
rienced)
less frequently in the potential (e. g. एष
मे कामो यत् स राज्यम् आप्नुयात्, this is my desire
that he may obtain the kingdom)
यद् अपि, although
यच्-च, that (according to Pāṇ. III. 3, 148, with
potential, after expressions of impossibility, disbelief,
hope, disregard, reproach, and wonder, e. g. न
श्रद्-दधे यच्-च तत्र-भवान् वृषलं या-
जयेत्, I do not believe that your Highness will allow
a Śūdra to sacrifice)
यद् वा, or, or else, whether,
(in the writings of commentators यद् वा generally
occurs when an alternative reading or meaning is
proposed, and may commonly be translated by ‘or, ’
‘or else’): in philosophical writings यः is said to
be used as a synonymn for पुरुषः: [cf. Zend
ya: Gr. ὅ-ς, ἥ, ὅ, ἵνα, ὡς: Goth. ja-bai, ‘if
’ jau,
‘whether:’ Lith. ji-s, ‘he
’ ji, ‘she
’ ju, ‘it:’
Slav. i, ja, je.]
—यच्-छन्दस्, आस्, आस्, अस्, having
which metre.
—यच्-छील, अस्, आ, अम् (यद् + शील),
having which disposition.
—यत्-कर, अस्, ई, अम्,
which doing or undertaking.
—यत्-काम, अस्, आ,
अम्, Ved. which desiring, wishing which.
—यत्-
काम्या, ind., Ved. with which view or design.
—यत्-कारणम् or यत्-कारणात्, ind. for which
cause or reason, on which account, in consequence
of which
since, because, as, while.
—यत्-कारिन्,
ई, इणी, इ, which doing or undertaking.
—यत्-किञ्चे-
दम् (°च-इदम्), the commencement of the sacred
text Ṛg-veda VII. 89, 5, (incorrectly read यत्-
किञ्चिदम्।)
—यत्-कृते, ind. on account of which,
for which reason, wherefore, why.
—यत्-क्रतु, उस्,
उस्, उ, Ved. having which resolution, forming which
plan.
—यद्-अभावे, ind. in the absence of which,
for want of which, in default of which.
—यद्-
अर्थ, अस्, आ, अम्, having which object in view, hav-
ing which intention
(अम्, ए), ind. on which account,
for which purpose, for the sake of which, wherefore,
why, &c.
as, since, when, because, whereas.
—यद्-
आत्मक, अस्, इका, अम्, having which being or exist-
ence.
—यद्-ऋच्छा, f. acting as one lists, following
one's own inclination, self-will, spontaneity, wilful-
ness, independence, (according to native lexicogra-
phers = स्वैरिता, स्वेच्छा, स्वाच्छन्द्य, निर्नि-
मित्त)
accident, an accidental occurence or event,
chance, contingence, (यद्-ऋच्छया, as one likes,
of one's own accord, spontaneously, by accident,
accidentally, incidentally, by chance, unexpectedly)
(in grammar) a noun which is neither a generic nor
specific term nor noun of agency, one either not
derived from authority or not possessing meaning.
—यदृच्छा-तस्, ind. spontaneously, by accident,
&c. (= यद्-ऋच्छया above).
—यदृच्छाभिज्ञ
(°छा-अभ्°), अस्, m. a voluntary or self-offered
witness.
—यदृच्छा-लाभ-तुष्ट, अस्, आ, अम्,
satisfied with obtaining what comes spontaneously,
easily satisfied.
—यदृच्छा-संवाद, अस्, m. acci-
dental or spontaneous conversation, incidental inter-
course.
—यदृच्छिक, अस्, m., scil. पुत्र, a son
who offers himself for adoption.
—यद्-देवत or
यद्-देवत्य, अस्, आ, अम्, Ved. having which god-
head or divinity.
—यद्-द्वन्द्व, अम्, n., N. of a
Sāman.
—यद्-धेतोस्, ind. (धेतोस् for हेतोस्, abl. c.
of हेतु), from which reason or cause, on which
account.
—यद्-भविष्य, अस्, m. one who says
‘what will be, ’ or ‘what must be must be, ’ one who
believes in the power of fate
a fatalist
N. of a fish
(in the Hitopadeśa).
—यद्रियञ्च् or यद्र्यञ्च्,
अङ्, द्रीची, अक् (fr. यद् with अद्रि substituted for अद्
and rt. अञ्च्
cf. मद्र्यञ्च्), Ved. moving or turn-
ing in which direction, extending to which point,
reaching whither or to what place or in which di-
rection, (incorrectly written यद्रञ्च्, यद्द्रञ्च्।)
—यद्-वत्, ind. in which way, as, (used as a corre-
lative of तद्-वत् and एवम्।)
—यद्-वद, अस्, आ,
अम्, talking anything, talking nonsense, saying no
matter what.
—यद्वाहिष्ठीय, अम्, n. (fr. यद्
वाहिष्ठम्, the first two words of Ṛg-veda V.
25, 7), N. of a Sāman.
—यद्-विध, अस्, आ, अम्, of
which sort (= Lat. qualis).
—यद्-वृत्त, अम्, n.
anything which has occurred, an adventure
any form
of यद्.
—यन्-निमित्तम्, ind. on which account,
for which reason, in consequence of which, through
which.
—यन्मंहिष्ठीय, अम्, n., N. of a Sāman.
—यन्-मध्ये, ind. in the centre of which.
—यन्-
मय, अस्, ई, अम्, formed or consisting of which.
—यन्-मात्र, अस्, आ, अम्, having which measure,
of which dimensions or circumference, &c.
—यन्-
मूर्धन्, आ, m. the head of whom.
Macdonell
English
यद् yá-d, nm. & ac. sg.
n.
 and base °— of the 🞄rel. prn. what, which
cj. that (introducing 🞄[Page241-1] 🞄oratio recta, gnly. without iti, after verbs 🞄of saying, thinking, etc.)
(so) that (rare)
🞄as to the fact that (corr. tad, therein)
wherefore, 🞄on which account (rare)
when (V.)
if 🞄(V.
in Br. with pot. to express an unfulfilled 🞄condition)
since, because, inasmuch as (corr. 🞄tad, therefore
common)
in order that (rare)
🞄ádha yád, even if, although (RV.)
yad 🞄api, although
yad u — evam, as — so (V.)
🞄yad uta, that
that is to say
-yat kila, that
🞄yac ca, if that is to say
yad vā, or else 🞄(very common in comm. )
however
yad vā — yadi vā, if — or if.
Benfey
English
यद् यद्,
I. Relative pronoun
the
base of the cases and of most derivatives
is य, Who, which, what, Chr. 5, 8.
II.
Indefinite pronoun, Any, Chr. 23, 30.
III. Doubled.
1. In proportion, as
each of which, Man. 1, 20.
2. Who-
ever, whatever, Hit. pr. d. 34, M.M.
IV. With following interr. pronoun
(किम्), Whoever, whatever. Pañc. i. d.
403.
V. Two and more relatives may
be combined with one verb
e. g. यद्
येन युज्यते, What is fitting for some-
thing, Hit. i. d. 53, M.M.
यो ऽत्ति यस्य
यदा मांसम्, When one eats the flesh
of some (creature), Hit. i. d. 65, M.M.
VI. यद्, acc. sing.
n.
 , a particle.
1.
As, since, because, Hit. pr. d. 8, M.M.
wherefore.
2. That, Hit. 41, 4, M.M.
3. It is often used as introduction to a
direct sentence, Pañc. 175, 13. वदन्ति
यद् अस्माकं राजा किं करिष्यति,
‘They say: what will the king do to us?’
227, 7.
3. With following वा, Or, Rājat.
5, 441.
4. With following अपि, Although,
Pañc. i. d. 7.
VII. येन, instr. sing.
n.
 , adv.
1. In what manner, Man. 4,
178.
2. Because, MBh. 3, 10631.
3.
As, Böhtl. Ind. Spr. 1212.
4. That,
Pañc. 84, 17.
VIII. यस्मात्, abl. sing.
n.
 , adv. Because, Hit. iv. d. 88
Chr.
16, 11. -- Cf. probably ὅς, ἥ, ὅ, ἵνα, εἵνε-κα
(= येन)
Goth. ja in jabai.
Apte Hindi
Hindi
यद्
सर्व* वि* - "यज् + अदि, डित्"
संबंधबोधक सर्वनाम जो जौन सा जो कुछ
यद्
सर्व* वि* - -
इसका उपयुक्त सहसंबंधी `तद्' है
यद्
सर्व* वि* - -
"जो कोई, जो कुछ"
यद्
सर्व* वि* - -
‘कुछ भी’ ‘चाहे जो कोई’ ‘कोई’
यद्
अव्य* - -
अव्यय के रूप में ‘यद्’ नाना प्रकार से प्रयुक्त होता है
यद्
अव्य* - -
किसी प्रत्यक्ष या आश्रित वाक्य को आरम्भ करने में अन्त में चाहे ‘इति’ हो या न हो
यद्
अव्य* - -
"क्योंकि, चूंकि"
Shabdartha Kaustubha
Kannada
यद्
पदविभागः - > त्रिलिङ्गः
कन्नडार्थः - > ಸಂಬಂಧಾರ್ಥವನ್ನು ಕೊಡುವ ಸರ್ವನಾಮ ಪದ
विस्तारः - > यः, या, यत् ಎಂಬುದಾಗಿ ಇದರ ರೂಪಗಳು ಮೂರು ಲಿಂಗಗಳಲ್ಲಿ. ಇದಕ್ಕೆ ಸಂಬಂಧಪಟ್ಟ तद् ಶಬ್ದದಿಂದ ವಾಕ್ಯ ಪೂರ್ತಿಯಾಗುವುದು. "यस्य चेतसि वर्तेथाः स तावत् कृतिनां वरः" - कुमा० ६-१८ । "अध्यूषुषो यामभवज्जनस्य याः सम्पदस्ताः मनसोऽप्यगम्याः" - माघ० ३-५९ । ಕೆಲವು ಕಡೆ अदस् इदम् ಮತ್ತು एतत् ಶಬ್ದಗಳಿಂದಲೂ ಇದರ ವಾಕ್ಯವು ಪೂರ್ತಿಯಾಗುವುದು. "जगत्यपर्याप्तसहस्रभानुना न यन्नियन्तुं समभावि भानुना । प्रसह्य तेजोभिरसह्यतां गतैरदस्त्वया नुत्तमनुत्तमं तमः ॥" - माघ० १-२७ । "आलप्लालमिदं बभ्रोर्यत्स दारानपाहरत् । कथापि खलु पापानामलमश्रेयसे यतः" - माघ २-४० । यत् ಶಬ್ದವು ಪ್ರಶ್ನಾರ್ಥಕ ಸರ್ವನಾಮದೊಡನೆ ಸರ್ವನಾಮಾವ್ಯಯದೊಡನೆಯಾಗಲಿ ಸೇರಿದಾಗ ಅನಿರ್ದಿಷ್ಟವಾದ ಅರ್ಥವನ್ನೂ ಕೊಡುವುದು. "सुतो वा सूतपुत्रो वा यो वा को वा भवाम्यहम्" - वेणी० ३-३३ । ಇಲ್ಲಿ ಯಾವನಾದರೂ ಎಂಬ ಅರ್ಥವನ್ನೂ यत्रकुत्रापि यत्रक्वापि यत्रकुत्रचित् ಎಲ್ಲಾದರೂ ಒಂದು ಕಡೆ यःकश्चित् ಯಾವನಾದರೂ ಒಬ್ಬ यत्किञ्चित् ಯಾವುದಾದರೂ ಒಂದು याकाचित् ಯಾವಳಾದರೂ ಒಬ್ಬಳು ಇತ್ಯಾದಿ ಅನಿರ್ದಿಷ್ಟವಾದ ಅರ್ಥಗಳನ್ನೂ ಕೊಡುವುದು.
यद्
पदविभागः - > अव्ययम्
कन्नडार्थः - > ಹೇತು /ಕಾರಣ
विस्तारः - > तद् ततः ಎಂಬ ಹೇತ್ವರ್ಥಕಾವ್ಯಯದಿಂದ ವಾಕ್ಯಪೂರ್ತಿಯಾಗುವುದು. "द्विषन्निमित्ता यदियं दशा ततः समूलमुन्मूलयतीव मे मनः" - किरा० १-४१
L R Vaidya
English
yad {% (I) pron. (nom. sing. यः m., या f., यत् n.) %} The relative pronoun corresponding to ‘who, which or what, ’ (its correlative being तद्, एतद्, इदम् or अदम्
sometimes it is used without any correlative which, then, is to be supplied)
when repeated it means, ‘whoever or whatever, ’ इति नरपतिरस्त्रं यद्यदाविश्चकार Sis.xx.76
it is often joined with the interrogative pronoun or in derivatives to express ‘any, whatever, ’ e.g. येन केन प्रकारेण प्रसिद्धः औरुषो भवेत्.(यत्किंचन or यत्किंचित् ‘a trifle, a worthless thing.’)
yad {% (II) ind. %} 1. Used, (with or without इति), at the begining of a subordinate sentence in the sense of ‘that, ’ न किल श्रुतं युवाभ्यां यद्वासंतिकैस्तरुभिरपि &c. Sak.vi., सत्योऽयं जनप्रवादो यत्संपत्संपदमनुबध्नातीति Kad.
2. because, since, व्यावृत्ता यत्परस्वेभ्यः श्रुतौ तस्करता स्थिता R.i.27, or किं शेषस्य भरव्यथा न वपुषि क्ष्मां न क्षिपस्येव यत् Mud.ii.
(in this sense, it is often followed by तत् or ततः Na.xxii.46).With a following अपि, it means ‘although, not withstanding, ’ वक्रः पंथा यदपि भवतः प्रस्थितस्योत्तराशाम् Megh.i.29.(यदर्थम्, यदर्थे ind. (1) on which account, wherefore, why, श्रूयतां यदर्थमस्मि हरिणा भवत्सकाशं प्रेषितः Sak.vii., (2) since, because, e.g. नूनं दैवं न शक्यमतिवर्तितुं यदर्थं य्त्नवानेव विप्रतां न लभे. यत्कारणम् ind. (1) on which account, for which reason
(2) because. यत्कृते ind. wherefore, why, for whom. यद्वा ind. ‘or, or else, whether, ’ न चैतद्विद्मः कतरन्नो गरीयो यद्वा जयेम यदिवा नो जयेयुः Bg.ii.6. यत्सत्यम् ‘to speak the truth, to be sure, verily, ’ इह … यत्सत्यं स्वर्गायत इदं गेहम् Mrich.iv.)
Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid
English
yad, see following items, also yac ca, yat khalu, yan nu, yan nūna(m).
Lanman
English
yád,
—1. as nom. acc. s. n. to ya, see ya
used in cpds and derivs, see 510
—2. as
conjunctive adv. that
tan na bhadraṃ
kṛtaṃ, yad viśvāsaḥ kṛtas, therefore
it was not well done (herein), that trust
was reposed, 22^17
niṇyā ciketa, pṛśnir
yad ūdho jabhāra, he knoweth the
secret, that P. offered her udder, 78^3
introducing oratio recta, 38^1
yad…, tad,
as for the fact that…, therein, 36^1
so
94^16
yad vai tad abruvan, as for the
fact that they said thát, indeed, 96^23
—3. in causal connections: like Eng. that
(i. e. on account of which), 78^16
yad…
tad, since…therefore, 17^5
yad…
tasmāt, inasmuch as…therefore, 15^3
since (i. e. considering that), 79^14
purpose:
in order that, 78^9, 7212, 14
result:
that, 716, 7
etāḍṛśā dharmajñā, yan
māṃ hantum udyatās, so understanding
the law, as to undertake to slay me,
28^5
—4. temporal: as, 86^6
tad…yad,
then…when, 71^2
yad…tatas, when
…then, 92^12
so yad…tādītnā, 70^7
correl. often lacking: yad…, …, when…,
(sc. then), 75^12
so 80^3, 81^17
while, 71^5
--hence, the temporal use passing insensibly
(cf. yad vaśāma, when or if we will, 73^17,
and Eng. when w. Ger. wenn) into the
conditional,
—5. if, 809, 10, 11
--yad placed
within the dependent clause, 78^3 (quoted
under 2), 79^14
--for influence on acct
of verb, see 595. [pron. root ya, 510,
1111a.]
Schmidt Nachtrage zum Sanskrit Worterbuch
German
[यद्] , यच् च - यच् च sowohl... als auch, Divyāvad. 77, 7.
Sanskrit Tibetan
Tibetan
gang
१) कः २) कतम् ३) कस्यचिद् ४) का ५) किम् ६) ७) पू+ीर्ण ८) पूर्णित ९) यः १०) यत्तु ११) यद् १२) यदि १३) यद् यद् १४) यम् १५) यस्य १६) या १७) ये १८) ये च १९) हि २०)
gang gis
१) कः २) कम् ३) केन ४) केन येन ५) यच्च ६) यतः ७) यद् ८) यस्य ९) येन
gang dag
१) केचन २) केचिद् ३) यद् ४) ये ५) येषाम्
gang phyir
१) यतः २) यद् ३) यदर्थम् ४) यस्माद् ५) येन ६) येषां कृते ७)
gang zhig
१) कः २) कतर ३) कम् ४) कस्य ५) का ६) किम् ७) यः ८) यद् ९) यस्य
gang yang
१) कश्चिद् २) काचिद् ३) किंचिद् ४) यच्च ५) यद् ६) यदपि ७) यश्च ८) ये च ९) येपि १०) येपि च ११) यो
gang yin pa
यद्
gang la
१) कस्य २) कुतः ३) कुत्र ४) क्व ५) ६) यत्र ७) यद् ८) यस्य ९) यानि १०) येषाम्
gang lags
यद्
ga' zhig
१) एक २) कंचिद् ३) कंचिदेव ४) कतिचिद् ५) कतिपय ६) कश्चिद् ७) कस्यचिद् ८) किंचिद् ९) किमपि १०) कियत् ११) केचिद् १२) क्वचिद् १३) यद् १४)
ci nas kyang
१) यथा २) यथापि ३) यद्
Tamil
Tamil
யத்3 : எவன், எவள், எது.
Mahabharata
English
Yad (or Yat-tad) = Vishṇu (1000 names).
वाचस्पत्यम्
Sanskrit
यद्
त्रि०
 यज्--अदि डिच्च । (ये) १ इत्येवं बुद्धिविशेषविषये । अस्यउक्तार्थे सर्वनामता । अयञ्च शब्दः तच्छब्दार्थनित्यापेक्षीउत्तरवाक्यस्थस्तु न तदपेक्षी इति काव्यप्र० । यत्तच्छब्दयो-रन्वये च न समानविभक्तेस्तन्त्रतेत्याकरे स्थितम् ।२ यस्मादित्यर्थे
अव्य०
 । ३ गर्हायाम् ४ अवधृतौ च मेदि० ।
Capeller
German
यद्॑ = Pron. -St. य (°—), u. Nom. Acc. Sgl.
von dems., als Conj. dass, so dass, auf
dass, damit, was das betrifft dass,
weshalb, wann, als, wenn, weil, da.
यदपि wenn auch, obgleich
यद्वा oder,
jedoch, indessen.
Grassman
German
yád [n. von yá], Conjunction, oft hinter eins oder mehrere Worte des Nebensatzes gestellt. — Die Stellen sind unvollständig. 1〉 zeitlich: als, nachdem, wenn, wann, und zwar: a〉 als mit erzählender Zeit (Imperf., Aorist, Perfekt) im Nebensatze und Hauptsatze (das Verb des Hauptsatzes ist hier in Klammern beigefügt): yuyudhā́te (jigye) {32, 13}
(apaśyas) ágachat {32, 14}
(vavrjus) adhamas {33, 5}
ábubhojīs (adhamas) {33, 9}
(vāvṛdhe) ávadhīt {52, 2}
(aśayat) nijaghántha {52, 6}
(ádhārayas) ákṛṇvata, ámadan {52, 9}
(áyoyavīt) ábhinat {52, 10}
(amadan) jaghántha {52, 15}
átiṣṭhipas, áhan (aubjas) {56, 5}
ábhavat (mame) {58, 1}
ábhrāṭ {66, 6}
(āyan) ádīdes {521, 3}
(āvas) árandhayas {535, 2}
so auch mit entsprechendem ā́t (da) im Hauptsatze: áhan (vivitse) {32, 4}
ávadhīs (arohayas) {51, 4}
ā́śata (dadhire) {87, 5}
dadhiré (vavakṣatus) {632, 25}
oder mit ádha (da): (bibhyus) ásthiran {94, 11}
ā‿ávasat (adhayat) {144, 2}
(akṛnos) aírayas {208, 3}
auch kann das Imperfekt oder der Aorist im Hauptsatze oder Nebensatze oder in beiden sein Augment verlieren, so dass scheinbar eine Conjunctivform hervorgeht: (sasrus) bhinát {52, 5}
(ranta) áyachat {61, 11}
(dhās) aíjan {63, 1}
(codīs) ubhnā́s, ákṛtas {63, 4}
vés (dhāt) {63, 2}
várg (kar) {63, 7}
so auch mit ā́t im Hauptsatze: (juṣanta) jániṣṭhās {68, 3}
maṃháyam (karam) {874, 9}
oder mit ádha: (bhūt) ávasthās {266, 11}
(adadhus) kár {383, 5}. — b〉 wenn (zeitlich) mit dem Ind. praes. im Neben- und Hauptsatze yā́nti, bruvaté (śṛṇoti) {37, 13}
(kṛṇvanti) viundánti {38, 9}
ásyatha (yātha) {39, 1}
hathá, vartáyatha (yāthana) {39, 3}
(eti) yāthána {23, 11}
yā́si (bhrājante) {44, 12}
(bhavati) ínvati {55, 4}
(tiṣṭhate) vṛṣāyáse {58, 4}
nīyáte (rohati) {141, 4}
yáchase (bhrājante) {571, 2}
(eti) váhati {582, 14}
so auch wo im Hauptsatze asti oder ähnliches zu ergänzen ist dhūnuthá {37, 6}
uchási {48, 10}
rócase {519, 6}
so auch mit Imperativ oder Conjunctiv im Hauptsatze: (bodhaya) yā́si {12, 4}
yájāmahe (bhava) {15, 10}
(tiṣṭha) vihváyāmahe {36, 13}
(bhinat) pṛtanyási {54, 4}
ferner mit entsprechendem bhárate (tapati) {215, 9}
bhárante, śáṃsanti [Page1086] (bravāma) {508, 10}
(īrate) éti {140, 5}
(bhuvat) jā́yate {759, 3}. — c〉 wann mit dem Conjunctiv, in dem Hauptsatze Conjunctiv, Imperativ oder Optativ, und zwar beide Handlungen als zukünftige gedacht, z. B. {556, 1} yád adyá devás savitā́ suvā́ti siā́ma asya ratnínas vibhāgé
samáranta (patāti) {541, 1}
ṛṇávas (yachatāt) {48, 15}. — d〉 mit Ind. prs. im Nebensatze und erzählender Zeit im Hauptsatze: so oft múcyase (anayan) {31, 4}
sám, ergänze yánti (dadhe) {30, 3}. In {31, 11} ist etwa jā́yata statt jā́yate zu lesen. — e〉 nachdem, mit dem Imperfekt oder Aorist im Nebensatze, und dem Indicativ, Conjunctiv oder Imperativ des Präsens im Hauptsatze, wobei das Imperfect oder der Aorist durch das deutsche Perfekt wieder zu geben ist: (siṣakti) ásarji {38, 8}
(khādata) áyugdhvam {64, 7}
ásthāt (dāti) {65, 8}
ávarṣīt (eti) {619, 3}
ámandiṣātām (gṛbhnāti) {619, 4}
samáśīta (hāsat) {57, 2}
und im Hauptsatze mit ā́t: áyukthās (invasi) {94, 10}
ájīgar (yujyate) {355, 3}
oder mit ā́t íd: ā́naṭ (kṛṇute) {264, 12}
ávavṛtranta (indrayante) {320, 4}
oder mit ádha: ákṛṇvan (kṣaranti) {72, 10}
saṃdā́yi (yantu) {139, 1}
auch erscheint das Imperfect oder der Aorist ohne Augment: tákṣat (bādhate) {51, 10}
mándiṣṭha (tiṣṭhati) {51, 11}.
2〉 Bedingung ausdrückend wenn, falls, a〉 mit dem Optativ im Neben- und Hauptṣatze, die Bedingung als in Wirklichkeit nicht eintretend, aber als dem Wunsche entsprechend gesetzt, {38, 4} yád yūyám pṛśnimātaras mártiāsas (Text mártāsas) siā́tana, stotā́ vas amṛ́tas siāt wenn ihr o Priśnisöhne Sterbliche wäret, würde euer Lobsänger ein Unsterblicher sein
{548, 18} yád indra yā́vatas tuám etā́vat ahám ī́śīye, stotā́ram íd didhiṣeya ‥ ná pāpatvā́ya rāsīya wenn ich so viel hätte wie du, würde ich den Lobsänger beschenken, ihn nicht darben lassen. b〉 mit dem Conj. im Neben- und Hauptsatze in ähnlichem Sinne, áber ohne Beziehung auf den Wunsch
{52, 11} yád íd nú indra pṛthivī́ dáśabhujis áhani víśvā tatánanta kṛṣṭáyas, átra‿áha te ‥ sáhas diā́m ánu ‥ bhuvat wenn auch, o Indra, die Erde zehnmal grösser wäre und alle Tage ihre Bewohner sich ausdehnten, dann würde doch deine Macht dem Himmel gleich kommen. — c〉 yád … yád vā mit Ind. prs. wenn … oder wenn, sei es dass … oder sei es dass {47, 7} yád nāsatyā parāváti yád vā sthás ádhi turváśe, átas ráthena suvṛ́tā nas ā́ gatam
ähnlich {630, 1}. — d〉 yád cid mit Ind. prs. in Haupt- und Nebensatz wenn auch, wenn gleich yájāmahe (hūyate) {26, 6}
smási (śaṃsaya) {29, 1}. — e〉 yád ha tyád mit Indicativ wenn ja doch dadhiré (vidatam) {151, 2}
ādadā́the (apaśyāma) {139, 2}.
3〉 causal. 1〉 weshalb {602, 4} kím ā́gas āsa ‥ jiéṣṭham, yád stotā́ram jíghāṃsasi. — 2〉 mit Conj. so dass (als Wirkung) {577, 2} (víprasya) bráhmāṇi ávāthas, ā́ yád krátvā ná śarádas pṛṇaíthe, so auch wol {68, 2} mit bhúvat
{53, 6}. _{53, 7} mit barháyas. — 3〉 mit Conj. damit [Page1087] (als Zweck) {121, 7} mit apasyā́t und prabhā́si
{546, 3} mit viuchā́n und dádhas.
4〉 gegenständlich dass mit Ind. {131, 4} vidús te asyá vīríasya ‥, púras yád indra śā́radīs ava ‿átiras
{103, 7} tád ‥ vīríam cakartha, yád sasántam vájreṇa‿ábodhayas‿áhim.
Burnouf
French
यद् यद् euph. pour यत्, cf. य।
Stchoupak
French
यद्-
pron. rel., nt. sg. de य-
conj. que (complétives)
de sorte
que, afin que
étant donné que, vu que, parce que
quand
si. Fréquemment
avec तद् pour corrélatif (aussi इदम् अदस् एतद्)
qqf. explétif
(apparemment) et équivalant à : à savoir, nommément
यद् अपि bien
que, même si
यद् वा sinon, si (interr. double)
cependant
autrement
यत् किं चिद् peu de chose
यद् अस्तु तद् अस्तु advienne que pourra
यत् सत्यम् en vérité, en fait
यद्वत् de la manière que (répondant.
à तद्वत्)
यन्मय- -ई- a. consistant en quoi
v. तद्-।
°अन्न- a. mangeant quelle nourriture
°अशन- id.
°अर्थ- a. ayant quel but
-अम् -ए à cause de quoi
car, c'est
pourquoi.
°अहस् adv. le jour que.
°आत्मक- a. ayant la nature de qui ou de quoi.
°ऋच्छा-
f.
 accident, hasard (iic. par hasard, spontanément)
-अया par hasard, spontanément
°ऋच्छा-शब्द-
m.
 mot formé par
accident
°ऋच्छा-लाभ-संतुष्ट- a. v. satisfait de ce
que le hasard lui apporte.
°गोत्र- a. appartenant à quelle famille.
°धेतोस् adv. à cause de quoi.
°बल- a. de quel pouvoir.
°भविष्य- a. (fataliste) ép. d'un poisson.
°विकारिन्- a de quelle diversité.
°विध- a. de quelle sorte.
°वीर्य- a. de quelle force.
°वृत्त- nt. aventure, évènement.
यच्-छील- a. ayant quelle disposition.
°छ्रद्ध- a. ayant quelle foi.
यत्-कारणम् °कारणात् adv. étant donné que, comme.
°किं-चन-कारक- a. qui agit à sa fantaisie
-कारिन्- id.
°किं-चिद्-दुःख- nt.
pl.
 peines de quelque nature.
°कृते- adv. en raison de quoi.
°क्रतु- a. ayant quelle résolution.
°पराक्रम- a. possédant quel courage.
°प्रभव- a. de quelle origine.
°सेन- a. ayant quelle armée.
°स्वभाव- a. ayant quelle nature.
यन्-निमित्त- a. causé par quoi
-अम् à cause de quoi.
°मात्र- a. ayant quelle mesure.
°मूल- a. dépendant de quoi.