भीष्म (bhISma)
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Spoken Sanskrit
English भीष्म bhISma dreadful
भीष्म bhISma terrible
भीष्म bhISma race or followers of bhISma
भीष्म bhISma death
भीष्म bhISma demon
भीष्म bhISma horribleness
भीष्म bhISma horror
Wilson
EnglishApte
Englishभीष्म [bhīṣma], [भी-णिच्-सुक्-अपादाने मक्] Terrible, dreadful, frightful, fearful
भीष्मो हि देवः सहसः सहीयान् 11.23.48.
ष्मः The sentiment of terror (in rhetoric)
see भयानक.
A demon, an imp, a fiend, goblin.
An epithet of Śiva.
of the son of Śantanu by Gangā
हृते भीष्मे हते द्रोणे शल्ये च निधनं गते [He was the youngest of the eight sons of Śantanu by Gangā
but all the others having died, he remained the sole heir to the throne after his father. On one occasion while Śantanu was walking by the side of a river, he beheld a charming young damsel named Satyavatī, the daughter of a fisherman, and, though bowed down with age, conceived a passion for her, and sent his son to negotiate the marriage. But the parents of the girl said that if their daughter bore sons to the king, they would not succeed to the throne, for after his death Śāntanava, being the rightful heir, would be the king. But Śāntanava, to please his father, made a vow to the parents that he would never accept the kingdom or marry a wife or become the father of children by any woman, so that if their daughter bore a son to Śantanu, he would be the king. This dreadful vow soon became known abroad, and thenceforth he was called Bhiṣma. He remained single, and, after the death of his father, he installed Vichitravīrya, the son of Satyavatī, on the throne, got him married to the two daughters of king Kāśirāja (see Ambikā), and became the guardian of his sons and grandsons, the Kauravas and Pāṇḍavas. In the great war he fought on the side of the Kauravas, but was wounded by Arjuna with the assistance of Śikhanḍin and was lodged in a 'cage of darts'. But having got from his father the power of choosing his own time for death, he waited till the sun had crossed the vernal equinox, and then gave up his soul. He was remarkable for his continence, wisdom, firmness of resolve, and unflinching devotion to God]. -ष्मम् Horror, horribleness. -अष्टमी the eighth day in the light half of Māgha (when Bhīṣma died). -जननी an epithet of the Ganges. -पञ्चकम् of the five days from the eleventh to the fifteenth of the bright balf of Kārtika (said to be sacred to Bhīṣma). -पर्वन् of the 6th Book of the Mahā-Bhārata. -सूः an epithet of the river Ganges
हरशिरसि पतन्ती भीष्मसूर्वः पुनातु Udb. -स्तवराजः of the 47th Chapter of शान्तिपर्व in Mahābhāraṭa.
Apte 1890
Englishभीष्म a. [भी-णिच्-सुक्-अपादाने मक्] Terrible, dreadful, frightful, fearful.
ष्मः 1 The sentiment of terror (in rhetoric), see भयानक.
2 A demon, an imp, a fiend, goblin.
3 An epithet of Śiva.
4 N. of the son of Śantanu by Gaṅgā. [He was the youngest of the eight sons of Śantanu by Gaṅgā
but all the others having died, he remained the sole heir to the throne after his father. On one occasion while Śantanu was walking by the side of a river, he beheld a charming young damsel named Satyavatī, the daughter of a fisherman, and, though bowed down with age, conceived a passion for her, and sent his son to negotiate the marriage. But the parents of the girl said that if their daughter bore sons to the king, they would not succeed to the throne, for after his death Śantanava, being the rightful heir, would be the king. But Śāntanava, to please his father, made a vow to the parents that he would never accept the kingdom or marry a wife or become the father of children by any woman, so that if their daughter bore a son to Śantanu, he would be the king. This ‘dreadful’ vow soon became known abroad, and thenceforth he was called Bhīṣma. He remained single, and, after the death of his father, he installed Vicitravīrya, the son of Satyavatī, on the throne, got him married to the two daughters of king Kāśīrāja (see Ambikā), and became the guardian of his sons and grandsons, the Kauravas and Pāṇḍavas. In the great war he fought on the side of the Kauravas, but was wounded by Arjuna with the assistance of Śikhaṇḍin and was lodged in a ‘cage of darts’. But having got from his father the power of choosing his own time for death, he waited till the sun had crossed the vernal equinox, and then gave up his soul. He was remarkable for his continence, wisdom, firmness of resolve, and unflinching devotion to God].
ष्मं Horror, horribleness.
Comp.
अष्टमी the eighth day in the light half of Māgha (when Bhīṣma died).
जननी an epithet of the Ganges.
पंचकं N. of the five days from the eleventh to the fifteenth of the bright half of Kārtika (said to be sacred to Bhīṣma)
सूः f. an epithet of the river Ganges.
Monier Williams Cologne
EnglishMonier Williams 1872
Englishभीष्म, अस्, आ, अम्, = भीम, terrible, horrible,
terrific, fearful
(अस्), m. the sentiment of horror as
the object of poetical composition
an epithet of
Śiva (Rudra)
a Rākṣasa, imp, goblin
N. of a
son of Śāntanu and Gaṅgā, (he is an important
personage in the Mahā-bhārata, being the half
brother of both Vicitra-vīrya and Vyāsa, — Śāntanu,
who was a descendant of Bharata, having had his
son Vicitra-vīrya by his legitimate wife Satyavatī,
but Bhīṣma by Gaṅgā before his marriage
when
Vicitra-vīrya died childless, Bhīṣma undertook the
government of Hastinā-pur, and brought up his three
nephews, the sons of his half brother Vyāsa, viz.
Dhṛta-rāṣṭra, Pāṇḍu, and Vidura
whence he is
sometimes called their father
he took the side of
his grand-nephews, the sons of Dhṛta-rāṣṭra, against
the sons of Pāṇḍu
he was a warrior renowned for
his continence, wisdom, bravery, and fidelity to his
word)
(आस्), m. pl. the race or followers of Bhīṣma
(अम्), n. horror, horribleness, the property of excit-
ing fear or terror.
—भीष्म-गरिजित-घोष-
स्वर-राज, अस्, m., N. of a Buddha
[cf. भीष्म-
स्वर-राज।]
—भीष्म-जननी, f. ‘mother of
Bhīṣma, ’ an epithet of the Ganges.
—भीष्म-
पञ्चक, अम्, n. ‘five days sacred to Bhīṣma, ’ the
five days from the eleventh to the fifteenth in the light
half of the month Kārttika.
—भीष्मपञ्चक-
व्रत, अम्, n., N. of the sixty-third chapter of the
Bhaviṣyottara-Purāṇa.
—भीष्म-पर्वन्, अ, n.,
N. of the sixth book of the Mahā-bhārata.
—भीष्-
म-मुक्ति-प्रदायक, अस्, m. ‘giving release to
Bhīṣma, ’ N. of Viṣṇu.
—भीष्म-रत्न-परी-
क्षा, f. trial of the jewel of Bhīṣma.
—भीष्म-
सू, ऊस्, f. ‘mother of Bhīṣma, ’ an epithet of the
Ganges.
—भीष्म-स्तव-राज, अस्, m. ‘Bhīṣma's
hymn to Kṛṣṇa, ’ N. of the forty-seventh chapter of
the twelfth book of the Mahā-bhārata.
—भीष्म-
स्वर-राज, अस्, m. ‘king of terrible sounds, ’ N. of
a Buddha
[cf. भीष्म-गर्जित-घोष-स्वर-
राज।]
—भीष्माष्टमी (°म-अष्°), f. the eighth
day in the light half of the month Māgha (when
there is a festival sacred to Bhīṣma).
Macdonell
Englishभीष्म bhī-ṣ-má, frightful, terrific, dreadful
🞄m. N. of a son of Gaṅgā and Śāṃtanu, 🞄grand-uncle of the Pāṇḍus, and leader of 🞄the Kuru army: -ka, contemptible Bhīṣma
🞄N. of the father of Rukmiṇī: -ātmajā, pat. of Rukmiṇī
-parvan, the 🞄Bhīṣma section, T. of the sixth book of the 🞄Mahābhārata
-ratna, jewel.
Benfey
EnglishHindi
Hindiदादा भीष्म
Apte Hindi
Hindiभीष्म
वि* - "भी+णिच्+मक्, षुकागमः"
"भयानक, डरावना, भीषण, कराल"
भीष्मः
- -
भयानक रस
भीष्मः
- -
"राक्षस, पिशाच, दानव, भूत-प्रेत"
भीष्मः
- -
शिव का विशेषण
भीष्मः
- -
शन्तनु का गंगा से उत्पन्न पुत्र
भीष्म
वि* - भी+णिक्+सुक्+मक्
"डरावना, भयानक, भयपूर्ण"
भीष्मः
- भी+णिक्+सुक्+मक्
भयानक रस
भीष्मः
- भी+णिक्+सुक्+मक्
"राक्षस, पिशाच, भूतप्रेत"
भीष्मः
- भी+णिक्+सुक्+मक्
शिव का विशेषण
भीष्मः
- भी+णिक्+सुक्+मक्
शन्तनु के द्वारा गंगा में उत्पादित पुत्र
L R Vaidya
EnglishEdgerton Buddhist Hybrid
Englishbhīṣma,
(1) nt., n. of some (heavenly) flower (cf. mahābhīṣma, which regularly follows it
with mandārava etc.): Mv 〔i.230.16〕
〔267.1〕
〔ii.160.13〕
〔286.17〕
〔iii.95.12〕
〔99.11〕
(2) adj. (?) formidable, mighty, in SP 〔119.1〕 (vs) teno vayaṃ śrāvaka bhīṣma-kalpāḥ, = Tib. (cited by WT) de bas (= tena) bdag cag (vayaṃ) sgrogs pa (śrāvaka) mi bzad (irresistible, Jä.) ḥdra (like, = kalpa)
this mg. seems hardly matched in the use of Skt. bhīṣma
cf. mahābhīṣma 2
(3) n. of a great seer (maharṣi): Māy 〔257.1〕 (possibly referring to Bhīṣma of the Mbh?).
Wordnet
Sanskrit भयङ्कर, भैरव, दारुण, भीष्म, घोर, भीम, भयानक, प्रतिभय, भयावह, रौद्र, भीषण
भयजनकम्।
"महिषासुरं हन्तुं देवी महाकाली रौद्रं रूपम् अधारयत्।"
Sanskrit Tibetan
Tibetanjigs sde
१) भयानक २) भीमसेन ३) भीष्म ४) वृकोदर
अभिधानचिन्तामणिः
Sanskritभयंकरं प्रतिभयं भीमं भीष्मं भयानकम् ॥ ३०२ ॥
भीषणं भैरवं घोरं दारुणं च भयावहम् ।
भयङ्कर (क्ली), प्रतिभय (क्ली), भीम (क्ली), भीष्म (क्ली), भयानक (क्ली), भीषण (क्ली), भैरव (क्ली), घोर (क्ली), दारुण (क्ली), भयावह (क्ली)
अभिधानरत्नमाला
Sanskritघोर
घोर, प्रतिभय, भीम, दारुण, भयानक, आभील, भीषण, भीष्म, भैरव, भयावह
घोरं प्रतिभयं भीमं दारुणं स्याद्भयानकम् ।
आभीलं भीषणं भीष्मं भैरवं च भयावहम् ॥ ७०५ ॥
verse 4.1.1.705
page 0081
Tamil
Tamilபீ4ஷ்ம : பீ4ஷண = பயம் உண்டு பண்ணும், பயங்கரமான.
Mahabharata
EnglishBhīshma. § 4 (Anukram.): I, 1, 138, †176 (Śāntanavaṃ), †177, †180, †182, †183, †184.--§ 9 (Parvas.): I, 2, 300 (ahāni yuyudhe Bhīshmo daśa vai paramāstravit).--§ 10 (do.): I, 2, 336, 353 (Svargārohaṇikañ caiva tato Bhīshmasya dhīmataḥ, sc. parva).--§ 11 (do.): I, 2, 373 (ºsya sambhavaḥ), 523 (Kṛshṇa intends to slay him), 525 (Arjuna felled him, placing Śikhaṇḍin in front of himself), 526 (śaratalpagataḥ), 599 (Bhāgīrathīputrāt, instructs Yudhishṭhira lying on his arrow-bed), 603 (ºsya samprāptiḥ svargasya).--§ 61 (Sarpasattra): I, 55, †2109.--§ 79 (Ādivaṃś.): I, 63, 2420, “in like manner Bhīshma, the son of Śāntanu, was born in the womb of Gaṅgā from the seed of the Vasus (Vasuvīryāt).”--§ 130b (Aṃśāv.): I, 67, 2711 (the youngest of the Vasus, son of Śāntanu, Kurūṇām abhayaṅkaraḥ, fought with Rāma Jāmadagnya).--§ 156 (Pūruv.): I, 95, 3800 (son of Śāntanu and Gaṅgā
his real name was Devavrata), 3801 (marries his father to Satyavatī).--§ 157 (do.): I, 95, 3818. --[§ 164 (Āpavop.): I, 99, 3965, Dyu-nāmā, etc.]--§ 165 (Satyavatīlābhop.): I, 100, 4065 (is called Bhīshma), 4066. --§ 166 (Citrāṅgadop.): I, 101, 4071 (places Citrāṅgada on the throne), 4077 (Śāntanavaḥ
performs the obsequial rites for Citrāṅgada), 4079 (instals Vicitravīrya), 4080 (Śāntanavaṃ).--§ 167 (Vicitravīryoparama): I, 102, 4081, 4082 (marries Vicitravīrya to the princesses of Kāśi), 4087, 4093, 4100, 4103, 4105, 4108 (Śāntanavaṃ
is attacked by Śālva), 4110, 4111, 4113, 4115 (Śāntanavaṃ), 4116, 4118 (Śāntanavaḥ), 4122 (do.
slays the horses of Śālva with the Aindreya weapon), 4125 (returns to Hāstinapura), 4131, 4132 (releases Ambā), 4137, 4145 (performs the obsequies for Vicitravīrya).--§ 168 (Bhīshma-Satyavatīsaṃvāda): I, 103, 4147, 4164, 4168 (declines to marry the widows of Vicitravīrya).--§ 169 (do.): I, 104, (4172).--§ 170 (do.): I, 104, (4199).--§ 171 (Vicitravīryasutotp.): I, 105, (4223), 4225, 4239, 4240, 4241, 4244, 4253, 4255, 4264, 4271
106, 4276.--§ 173 (Pāṇḍu-rājyābhisheka): I, 109, 4349, 4350, 4353 (is the tutor of Dhṛtarāshṭra, Pāṇḍu, and Vidura), 4360.--§ 174 (Dhṛtarāshṭravivāha): I, 110, 4372 (Kurupitāmahaḥ), 4379.--§ 177 (Pāṇḍudigvijaya): I, 113, 4425 (Śāntanavaḥ), 4427 (marries Pāṇḍu to Mādrī), 4429, 4432, 4436, 4441 (Sāgaragāsutaḥ), 4446, 4463 (ºpurogamāḥ).--§ 178 (Pāṇḍu): I, 114, 4469, 4471.--[§ 179 (Vidurapariṇaya) [Āpagāsutaḥ]: married Vidura to the daughter of king Devaka--Pārasavīṃ kanyāṃ: I, 114, 4480.]
--§ 180 (Gandhārīputrotp.): I, 115, 4507, 4510 (consultation with Dhṛtarāshṭra after the birth of Duryodhana).--§ 184 (Pāṇḍu): I, 119, 4614.--§ 194 (do.): I, 126, 4902 (receives the sons of Pāṇḍu, etc.), 4911 (Śāntanavaḥ), 4917 (worships the ṛshis).--§ 195 (do.): I, 127, 4936 (performs the funeral rites for Pāṇḍu), 4947, 4959, 4960.--§ 196 (Vyāsa): I, 128, 4964 (gives Pāṇḍu a śrāddha), 4975.--§ 199 (Droṇa): I, 130, 5094 (inquires about teachers for the princes), 5098.--§ 202 (do.): I, 131, 5168 (engages Droṇa), 5169, 5170, 5177, 5192, 5206, (5208).--§ 203 (do.): I, 132, 5211, 5212.--§ 208 (Astradarś.): I, 134, 5323
136, 5404 (sides with Arjuna)
137, 5439.--§ 213 (Jatugṛhap.): I, 141, 5650 (performs the funeral rites of the Pāṇḍavas, whom he thinks burnt), 5660 (Śāntanavaḥ), 5662 (do.), 5666, 5667
142, 5688, 5691
143, 5707 (Śāntanavaṃ)
145, 5734, 5743, 5762
146, 5790 (pitāmahaḥ), 5791 (do.)
150, 5860 (Śāntanavaḥ).-§ 217 (Caitrarathap.): I, 166, 6344.--§ 241 (Vidurāgamanap.): I, 200, 7371
202, 7439
203, (7441)
204, 7461, 7471.--§ 243 (do.): I, 205, 7489 (Śāntanavaḥ)
206, 7518 (do.), 7535 (do.).--§ 244 (Rājyalābhap.): I, 207, 7565, 7593.--§ 286 (Rājasūyikap.): II, 33, 1256.--§ 287 (do.): II, 34, 1260, 1264.--§ 288 (do.): II, 35, 1287, 1291.-§ 289 (Arghāharaṇap.): II, 36, 1327, 1332 (Śāntanavaḥ), 1335, 1337
37, 1341, 1347 (Śāntanave), 1367
38, 1371 (Śāntanavaḥ), 1373, (1374)
39, 1401.--§ 290 (Śiśupālavadhap.): II, 40, 1419, 1422, 1432
41, 1437, 1438, 1439, 1440, 1441, 1442, 1444, 1446, 1448, 1453, 1455, 1457, 1460, 1462, 1464, 1465, 1466, 1471, 1472
42, 1486, 1487, 1492, 1493
43, (1494), (1518)
44, (1519), 1523, 1524, 1525, 1527, 1530, 1532, 1541, 1542, 1543, 1546, 1548, 1549, 1551, 1553, 1554, 1555, 1556 (Kurupitāmahaḥ).--§ 291 (do.): II, 45, 1561.--§ 292 (Rājasūyikap.): II, 45, 1607.-§ 294 (Dyūtap.): II, 49, 1782.--§ 298 (do.): II, 58, 2014
60, 2052
65, 2181.--§ 299 (do.): II, 67, 2237, (2243)
68, 2263.--§ 301 (do.): II, 69, (2353)
70, 2378
71, 2379, †2402.--§ 305 (Anudyūtap.): II, 78, 2583
79, 2609.--§ 307 (do.): II, 81, 2677, 2696.--§ 308 (Āraṇyakap.): III, 1, 12, 35.--§ 313 (do.): III, 6, 316, 322.--§ 314 (do.): III, 9, 324.--§ 315 (Maitreyaśāpa): III, 10, 347, 360.--§ 317 (Arjunābhigam.): III, 12, 525.-§ 318 (do.): III, 13, 599.--§ 328 (Kāmyakavanaprav.): III, 36, 1419, 1425.--§ 329 (do.): III, 36, 1435.--§ 330 (Indradarśana): III, 37, 1459.--§ 333 (Kairātaparv.): III, 40, 1645, 1648.--§ 334 (do.): III, 41, 1683.--§ 339 (Indralokābhigam.): III, 47, 1904.--§ 340 (do.): III, 48, 1922.--§ 356 (Tīrthay.): III, 81, 4032, 4038, 4040, 4041, 4042 (Kurukulaśreshṭhaṃ)
82, 4045, (4046), 4070.--§ 357 (do.): III, 82, 4070.--§ 375 (do.): III, 85, 8254.--§ 376 (do.): III, 85, 8256, 8259.--§ 377 (Dhaumyatīrthak.): III, 86, 8283.--§ 401 (Balarāma): III, 119, 10245.--§ 402 (Tīrthay.): III, 120, 10274.--§ 446 (Nivātakav.): III, 174, 12276.--§ 512 (Ghoshayātr.): III, 238, 14810, 14811
249, 15084.--§ 513 (do.): III, 252, 15165, 15191.-§ 515 (Karṇadigvijaya): III, 253, 15209, 15211, 15218, 15220, 15221, 15223, 15225
254, 15261.--§ 516 (Duryodhanayajña): III, 256, 15302, 15332.--§ 517 (do.): III, 257, 15350.--§ 552 (Goharaṇap.): IV, 25, 867
28, 912 (Śāntanavaḥ, Bhāratānāṃ pitāmahaḥ), 915
29, 958
35, 1150
37, 1224
38, 1240, 1243
39, 1286, 1302
47, 1471, 1476, 1488
49, 1550
51, (1583), 1599, 1600 (Śāntanavaḥ)
52, (1606), (1622), 1626, 1627, (1628)
53, 1643
54, †1684
55, 1734, 1755
59, 1908
61, 1951 (etan mām prāpeyānīkaṃ yatra tālo hiraṇmayaḥ | yatra Śāntanavo Bhīshmo rathe 'amākaṃ pitāmahaḥ…) [1751 f., yas tu nīlānusāreṇa pañcatāreṇa ketunā |…| yasya tārārkacitro 'san rathe dhvajavaraḥ sthitaḥ], 1967, 1984
64, 2035 (Śāntanavaḥ), 2040, 2042, 2044, 2045, 2046, 2047, 2049, 2051, 2053, 2054, 2056 (Śāntanavāt), 2060 (used the Prājāpatya weapon, etc., against Arjuna), 2061, 2063 (his bow was laid with gold), 2064, 2065, 2066, 2068, 2069, 2078 (Gāṅgeyaṃ), 2080, 2081 (Śāntanavaḥ), 2082
65, †2086
66, †2108 (Śāntanavaḥ), †2118, †2121, †2122, †2129
68, 2167 (Śāntanavaṃ), 2201, 2203, 2233
69, 2244.--§ 554 (Sainyodyogap.): V, 2, †31
3, 52
4, 65
6, 118.--§ 556 (Sañjayayānap.): V, 20, 603
21, 624, 631, (639), 641, 642
22, †668
23, †692
25, †733, †737
27, †790
29, †845
30, †881 (Kurusattamasya)
31, 923 (Śāntanavaṃ).--§ 559 (Prajāgarap.): V, 37, †1376.--§ 561 (Yānasandhip.): V, 47, 1798
48, †1848, †1916
49, 1917 (Śāntanavaḥ), 1951 (Śāntanavaḥ), 1961, 1962 (Bharataśreshṭhaḥ), 1965
50, 2001, 2033
51, 2056, 2062, 2067
55, 2149, 2159, 2162, 2164 (Devavrataṃ), 2185, 2188, 2190, 2196, 2200, 2205
57, 2243 (Śāntanavaḥ, bhāgaḥ kḷptaḥ Śikhaṇḍinaḥ), 2275, 2281, 2291
58, 2300, 2304
59, 2333, 2345 (Kurumukhyasya)
60, 2368, 2375
62, 2417, 2424, †2428
64, 2478
65, 2492 (Śāntanavaṃ).--§ 562 (Bhāgavadyānap.): V, 73, 2681, 2693, 2702
79, 2841
80, 2859
82, 2900
83, 2966, 2989
85, 3022, 3031, 3032
88, 3084 (Kurupitāmahaḥ), (3056), 3100
89, 3103, 3105, 3113, 3115
91, 3271
92, 3284, 3285
94, 3337, 3364, 3365, 3368, 3371 (Śāntanavaṃ)
95, 3402.--§ 565 (Bhagavadyānap.): V, 106, 3717.--§ 567 (do.): V, 124, 4125, 4170
125, 4186 (Śāntanavaḥ), 4195 (do.), 4197, 4200
126, 4214
127, 4246
128, 4277, 4282, 4284, 4287 (Śāntanavaḥ), 4291
129, 4329, 4330, 4346, 4350, 4358, 4360
131, 4431, 4453, 4457.--§ 569 (do.): 137, 4669
138, 4676
139, (4706)
141, 4803
143, 4875
147, 4971
148, 5002, 5003 (Devavrata), 5011, 5014, 5015, †5035
150, 5077, 5080, 5081, 5082, 5091.--§ 570 (Sainyaniryānap.): V, 151, 5104, 5107, 5110, 5114, 5122, 5129
154, 5219, 5223, 5226
156, 5278, (5293), 5302 (Gāṅgeya), 5303, 5309
157, 5314 (Āpageyaṃ pitāmahaṃ Bhāratānāṃ, etc.).--§ 571 (Ulūkadūt.): V, 160, 5501, 5529
161, 5546, 5574
162, 5606
163, 5650
5655, 5663, 5687
164, 5708.--§ 572 (Rathātirath.): V, 165, 5714, 5716, 5718 (Kuruvṛddhena), 5719, (5730)
166, (5748)
167, (5770)
168, (5808), 5817, 5826, 5829, 5831, 5834, 5835, 5836, (5837)
169, (5850), 5877
170, (5879)
171, (5893)
172, (5921).--§ 573 (Ambop.): V, 173, (5944), 5956
174, (5966), 5970, 5972
175, (5976), 5981, 5982, 5986, 5999, (6001), 6003, 6004, 6006, 6008 (Śāntanavaḥ), 6009, 6010
176, (6022), (6037), 6048, 6070, 6071, 6075, 6076, 6077, 6079
177, 6085, 6087, 6089, 6094, 6096, (6097), 7014, 7017, 7020, 7021, 7024
178, 7025, 7027, 7029, 7030, 7031, (7033), 7034, 7040, 7044, (7050), 7054, 7066, 7089, 7090, (7092), 7092, 7097, 7114, 7120, 7122
179, (7124), 7126
180, (7163), 7190
181, (7201)
182, (7217)
183, (7248), 7262, 7263
184, (7267)
185, (7290), †7297, 7299, 7302, 7304, 7307, 7309, (7310), 7320, 7326
186, 7329, 7331, 7333, 7335, 7336, 7345, 7358, 7359, 7362
187, (7370), 7371, 7372, 7375, 7379, 7380, 7382, 7388
188, (7390), 7393
189, (7409)
190, (7434), (7444)
191, (7456)
192, (7487), (7494), (7544), 7556, 7557
193, (7565), 7572, 7575 (Śāntanavaḥ)
194, 7599.--§ 576 (Bhagavadgītāp.): VI, 13, 496 (Bhāratānāṃ pitāmahaṃ), 497 (do., Śāntanavaḥ), 499 (slain by Śikhaṇḍin)
14, 508, 509, 524, 526, 529, 531, 532, 540, 541, 542, 547, 554, 555, 560, 564, 565, 568, 569 (Śāntanunandanāt), 576, 577, 580 (Śāntanavāt), 581, 583, 585
15, 599, 601, 603, 607
16, 629
17, 647, 648, 653, 658
18, 685
19, 696, 713
20, †741, †749, 756, 757 (Śāntanavaḥ), 758
21, 761, 763, 767
22, 767, †791 (Kuruvaṃśaketuḥ)
25, 838, 839, 855
26, 882
35, †1272, †1280.--§ 577 (Bhīshmavadhap.): VI, 43, 1549, 1553, 1559, 1562, 1563 (Śāntanavaṃ), (1565), (1571), (1574), (1576), 1577, 1618, 1619.--§ 578 (do.): VI, 44, 1639, 1640
45^1, 1680
46, 1805, 1807b (ketunā pañcatāreṇa tālena)
47^25, 1809, 1811, 1813, 1814^26, 1815, 1822, 1824, 1828, 1829, 1830, 1831, 1834, 1838^27, 1840, 1841 (Śāntanavaṃ), 1863^31
48, 1869 (Śāntanavaḥ), 1872, 1891, 1897 (Śāntaṇavaṃ), 1898, 1901, 1904 (pitā Devavratas tava), 1905, 1907, 1908, 1912, 1914^33, 1916, 1919, 1920, 1921, 1922, 1923, 1924 (Śāntanavaḥ), 1929, 1930, 1931, 1935, 1941, 1943, (Śāntanavaṃ), 1944, 1949, 1952, 1953, 1955, 1958^35, 1959, 1965^36, 1978, 1981
49, 1992, 1997, 2009^37, 2015^38, 2017^39, 2021^40, 2022^11, 2025, 2026, 2029 (Śāntanavaḥ), 2032
50, 2033, 2035, 2036, 2040, 2041, 2042, 2047, 2052, 2053, 2054, 2055, 2063 (Śikhaṇḍī…Bhīshmasyāntakaraḥ), 2070
51, 2096, 2099, 2100, 2101, 2103.--§ 579 (do.): VI, 52, 2127^1, 2132, 2133, 2135, 2137, 2142, 2143, 2147, 2151^2, 2154, 2161^3, 2164, 2165 (Śāntanavaḥ), 2166, 2168, 2169, 2170, 2171, 2179, 2186, 2188
53, 2195 (Śāntanavaḥ), 2196
54, 2300, 2325^13, 2340^14, 2341 (Gāṅgoyaṃ), 2349
55, 2376^19, 2400.--§ 580 (do.): VI, 56, 2402^1 (Śāntanavaḥ)
57, 2452, 2459
58, 2472^5, 2483^7, 2484, 2489^9, 2494 (Śāntanavaṃ), 2502, 2506
59, 2508^10, 2509, 2527 (Śāntanavaḥ), 2531, 2533, 2536, 2539, 2541, 2543, 2551, 2553, 2555, 2556, 2557, 2560, 2561, 2568, 2569, 2570, 2572, 2576, 2578 (Pitāmahaṃ), 2580, †2588^11, †2591, †2593, †2594, †2597, †2598, †2608, †2612, †2620^12, †2643, †2649.--§ 581 (do.): VI, 60, †2651^1, †2670b [†2671 (pañcatālocchṛtapañcaketuḥ)], †2675, †2677, †2678, †2679
63, 2803^8
64, 2872, 2879, 2883 (Śāntanavaḥ)
65, 2901, 2910, 2922, (2932)
66, (2973), (2996)
67, (3015)
68, (3037), 3049.--§ 582 (do.): VI, 69, 3059, 3068^1, 3069, 3070^2, 3074^3 (Pitāmahaṃ), 3080^5, 3082^6, 3085^7, 3087^8, 3088
70, 3090 (Śāntanavaḥ), 3110, 3117^9, 3118
71, 3119, 3128 (Śāntanavaḥ), 3137
72, 3162, 3182, 3183, 3185, 3187, 3189, 3192 (Śāntanavaḥ), 3193, 3194 (Śāntanavaṃ), 3195
73, 3197, 3238
74, 3268.--§ 583 (do.): VI, 75, 3304, 3309
76, 3329
77, 3345^3
78, 3441
79, 3509 (Śāntanavaḥ).--§ 584 (do.): VI, 81, 3542, 3546, 3551, 3575 (Śāntanavaṃ)
82, 3581, 3584 (Śāntanavaḥ), 3588 (Śāntanavaṃ)
84, 3738, 3744
85, †3758, †3761^7, †3764 (Śāntanavaṃ), †3770, †3772, †3774, †3775, †3776, †3777, †3780
86, 3792 (Śāntanavaḥ), 3794 (do.), 3795, 3797, 3798 (Śāntanavaḥ), 3800, 3801, 3803, 3804, 3805 (Śāntanavaṃ), 3811, 3816, 3817, 3830^13, 3838 (Śāntandvaṃ).--§ 585 (do.): VI, 87, 3849, 3851 (pitā tava, i.e. Dhṛtarāshṭra's), 3852 (Śāntanavaḥ), 3884 (Śāntanavaḥ)
88, 3887, 3889, 3890, 3891 (Śāntanavaḥ), 3893, 3895, 3897, 3898, 3922
89, 3931, 3933, 3936, 3942, 3945, 3946, 3947, 3948, 3969 (Śāntanave)
90, 4052, 4055, 4057
92, 4113 (Śāntanavaḥ)
95, 4234 (Kurupitāmaham), 4240 (Śāntanavaḥ), 4252
96, 4337, 4339 (Śāntanavaḥ)
97, 4407, 4411 (Śāntanavaḥ), 4413, 4414, 4415, 4416, 4420, 4421, 4426, 4437, 4439, 4447
98, 4474, 4478, 4480, 4492, 4496, 4497, 4498.--§ 586 (do.): VI, 99, 4500 (Śāntanavaḥ), 4502, 4514, 4515
100, 4555
101, 4590, 4614 (Śāntanavaḥ), 4620, 4622
102, 4669
103, 4682, 4685, 4687, 4690, 4693, 4696, 4724
104, 4737, 4740, 4741, 4765
105, 4767, 4768, 4770 (asmākaṃ pitāmahaḥ), 4771, 4773
106, 4809, 4813, 4818, 4821, 4828, 4836, 4837, 4841 (Kurupitāmahaṃ), 4842, 4843, 4846, 4847, 4850, 4852, 4853, 4855, 4857, 4859, 4860, 4861, 4863, 4876 (Śāntanavaḥ), 4880, 4881, †4884
107, 4887, 4888, 4892, 4893, 4898, 4900, 4902, 4903, 4904, 4905, 4912, 4914, 4915, 4923, 4924, 4925 (Śāntanavaḥ), 4928, 4930, 4933, 4938 (Devavrataḥ), 4942, 4943, 4944 (Kurupitāmahaḥ), (4961), 4975 (Kurupitāmahaṃ), 4982, 4985, 4986, 4989, 4991.--§ 587 (do.): VI, 108, 4994, 5004b, 5009 (Śāntanavaḥ
every day Bh. formed arrays in battle, sometimes after the manner of the Asuras, sometimes after that of the Piśācas, and sometimes after that of the Rākshasas), 5011, 5017, 5021, 5027, 5034, 5037, 5042, 5043, 5045, 5046, 5047
109, 5057 (Śāntanavaḥ), 5058, 5059, 5062, 5065, 5069, 5086, 5089, 5091
110, 5094, 5095, 5097, 5101, 5102, 5104, 5105, 5106, 5107, 5109, 5111, 5112, 5113, 5114, 5115, 5118, 5136, 5137
111, 5140, 5157, 5160, 5162, 5166, 5171, 5172, 5174, 5175, 5176, 5179, 5182, 5187, 5188, 5189, 5192, 5193, 5196
112, 5201, 5213, 5214, 5215, 5218, 5238
113, 5242, 5285
114, 5325, 5326, 5328, 5330, 5331, 5333, 5334
115, 5335, 5336, 5339, 5340, 5341, 5342 (Śāntanavaḥ), 5343, 5350, 5351, 5352, 5354, 5356, 5358, 5360 (Śāntanavaṃ), 5376
116, 5378, 5383, 5405, 5406, 5410, 5416, 5427, 5431, 5433, 5438, 5442, 5447, 5449, 5450
117, 5452, 5456, 5457, 5461, 5471, 5476, 5478, 5479, 5480, 5512, 5513
118, 5522, 5527, 5536 (vṛddhaḥ Kurupitāmahaḥ), 5537, 5541 (slays Śatānīka), 5543, 5547, 5548 (Śāntanavaḥ), 5550, 5551, 5555, 5557, 5558, 5560, 5561, 5564, 5567 (Bhāgīrathīputraṃ), 5568
119, 5572, 5573, 5579, 5580, 5581, 5582, 5590, 5593, 5596, 5598, 5602, 5603, 5606, 5607, 5608, 5609 (Śāntanavaḥ), 5611 (Kurupitāmahaḥ), 5614, 5615, 5617, 5621 (Śāntanavaḥ), 5625, 5634 (Śāntanavaḥ), 5641, 5642, 5645, 5650, 5652, 5655, 5656, 5663 (Kurupitāmahaḥ), 5665 (do.), 5666, 5669, 5676 (Kurūṇāṃ śṛṅge), 5680 (Śāntanoḥ putre), 5686
120, 5689, 5690, 5692, 5693, 5696 (Kurupitāmahaḥ), 5697, 5699 (Śāntanavaṃ), 5701 (do.), 5704 (do.), 5710 (Kauravānāṃ pitāmahaḥ), 5711, 5714, 5718, 5719, 5721 (Śāntanavaḥ), 5735, 5750, 5753, 5755, 5756.-§ 588 (do.): VI, 121, 5769, 5771, 5778, 5785, 5787 (Kurūṇām ṛshabhaṃ), †5812
122, 5818 (Śāntanunandane), 5819, 5840, (5851).--§ 589 (Droṇābhishekap.): VII, 1, 4, 9, 10, 15, 17, 18, 35, 40, 42, 50 (Kauravāṇām upāśraye)
2, †52, †54, †55, †71, †81, †83
3, 90 (Pitāmahaṃ), 94, 96 (Bhāratānāṃ pitāmahaṃ)
5, 138
7, 187, 190
11, 425, 427, 428, 430.--§ 592 (Saṃśaptakav.): VII, 23, 1017 (Bhºād avāpya cāstrāṇi, i.e. Pāṇḍya)
24, 1056.--§ 598 (Jayadrathavadhap.): VII, 85, 3036, 3042, 3054
86, 3074.--§ 599 (do.): VII, 98, 3649
110, 4228
122, 4884
128, 5270
131, 5360
147, 6387
149, 6479
150, 6505 (mama pitāmahaṃ, i.e. Duryodhana's)
151, 6535, (yac Chikhaṇḍy avadhīd Bhºaṃ), 6556, 6559.--§ 600 (Ghaṭotkacav.): VII, 158, 7035.--§ 603 (Nārāyaṇāstramokshap.): VII, 196, 9074
198, 9142, 9144 (ºāntakaraḥ …Śikhaṇḍī), 9168 (Kurupitāmahaḥ)
199, 9223.-§ 604 (Karṇap.): VIII, 2, 32, 40
5, 95
6, 153, 186
7, 191
9, 262, 273, 287 (Bhº am apratiyudhyantaṃ Śikhaṇḍī sāyakottamaiḥ | pātayām āsa samare), 294, 310, 341.--§ 605 (do.): VIII, 10, 362, 367, 369, 381
11, 411
20, 772, 774
26, 1057 (Śikhaṇḍinaṃ Bhºmṛtyuṃ)
32, 1332, 1333.--§ 607 (do.): VIII, 36, 1686a, 1687
37, †1715, †1719, †1736, †1745 (sa-Bhīshmakāḥ)
41, 1947, 1953
45, 2113.--§ 608 (do.): VIII, 56, 2745
61, 3082 (Śikhaṇḍī…Bhīshmahantā)
66, 3330
69, 3432
72, 3612
73, 3644, 3646 (Śāntanavaṃ), 3662, 3666, 3673 (slain by Śikhaṇḍin), 3685, 3722, 3734, 3735
79, 4035
87, 4455
88, 4510
96, 5013.--§ 609 (Śalyap.): IX, 2, 75 (Pitāmaha), 86 (lokanātha), 111, 113. --§ 610 (do.): IX, 4, 197, 224
6, 315
7, 340, 349, 360.--§ 611 (do.): IX, 8, 380, 383, 402
16, 811
19, 1001, 1023
24, 1291, 1292, 1293
27, 1456.-§ 612 (Hradapraveśap.): IX, 29, 1646.--§ 613 (Gadāyuddhap.): IX, 32, 1836.--§ 615b (Baladevatīrthay.): IX, 54, 3060.--§ 615 (Gadāyuddhap.): IX, 58, 3256
61, 3424, 3428, 3447, 3450
63, 3548
64, 3588 (Śāntanave), 3593.--§ 616 (Sauptikap): X, 3, 137
5, 196 (Śāntanavaḥ).--§ 617 (Aishīkap.): X, 10, 563.--§ 618 (Jalapradānikap.): XI, 1, 16, 29 (Kuruvṛddhasya)
12, 320 (Pitāmahaṃ)
13, 346.--§ 619 (Strīvilāpap.): XI, 16, 447, 454
23, 648 (bhīshmakṛd āhave), 656 (Śāntanavaḥ)
25, 735.--§ 621 (Rājadh.): XII, 4, 120
5, 140.-§ 623 (do.): XII, 16, 503.--§ 635 (do.): XII, 37, 1349 (Kurupitāmahaṃ) (Vyāsa directs Yudhishṭhira to consult Bhīshma).--§ 637 (do.): XII, 46, 1563, 1573 (Gāṅgeyaṃ), 1575 (Kauravānāṃ dhurandhare), 1577, 1578, 1580
47, 1589 (asked by Janamejaya, Vaiśampāyana related how Bhīshma cast off his body), 1591, 1600, 1603, (1604), 1689, 1690, 1691, 1692, 1693.--§ 639 (do.): XII, 50, 1811, 1817, 1823, 1826 (Śāntanavāt), 1831, 1836
51, 1844, (1845), 1856, 1857, 1860
52, 1862 (Śāntanavaḥ), 1876, 1879, 1882, 1888
53, 1905, 1911, 1920.--§ 640 (do.): XII, 54, 1926 (Śāntanunandane Gāṅgeye), 1928 (Kauravānāṃ dhurandhare), 1932 (Gāṅgeyaḥ), 1935, (1941), 1951, 1953, 1955
55, (1978), 1984, 1985
56, (1996)
57, (2047)
58, (2092), 2117, 2118.--§ 641 (do.): XII, 59, 2123, 2124, 2125, (2134)
60, (2273)
61, (2324)
62, (2346)
63, (2356)
64, (2386)
65, (2448)
66, (2453)
67, (2496), (2518)
68, (2536)
69, (2598), (2670)
70, (2702)
71, (2716)
72, (2749)
73, (2775)
74, (2808), (2827)
75, (2832), (2849), (2865)
76, (2870)
77, (2884), (2914)
78, (2918), (2920), (2930), (2936), (2955)
79, (2963), (2971)
80, (2985)
81, (3025)
82, (3055)
83, (3126)
84, (3183), (3193)
85, (3195), (3198)
86, (3229)
87, (3262)
88, (3303)
89, (3335), (3356)
90, (3362)
91, (3461)
92, (3464)
94, (3534)
95, (3536), (3541)
96, (3557)
97, (3583)
98, (3614), (3663)
99, (3664)
100, (3683)
101, (3734)
102, (3754)
103, (3795), (3846)
104, (3848)
107, (3986)
108, (3991)
109, (4026)
110, (4054)
111, (4084), (4130)
112, (4174)
113, (4197), (4207)
114, (4211)
115, (4243)
116, (4254)
117, (4279)
118, (4303)
119, (4331)
120, (4353)
121, (4416)
122, (4469), (4523)
123, (4527)
124, (4552), (4613), (4621)
125, (4629)
126, (4641)
127, (4660)
128, (4713)
129, (4718)
130, (4732).--§ 642 (Āpaddharm.): XII, 131, (4782), (4788)
132, (4795)
133, (4815)
134, (4835).--§ 643 (do.): XII, 135, (4852), (4874).--§ 644 (do.): XII, 136, (4878).-§ 645 (do.): XII, 137, (4889).--§ 646 (do.): XII, 138, 4923 (Śāntanavāt), (4924), (4994).--§ 647 (do.): XII, 139, (5136), (5245).--§ 648 (do.): XII, 140, (5248).--§ 649 (do.): XII, 141, (5327), (5410).--§ 650 (do.): XII, 142, (5423), (5456).--§ 651 (do.): XII, 143, (5460), (5464)
144, (5493)
145, (5510)
146, (5524)
147, (5550)
148, (5561)
149, (5574).--§ 652 (do.): XII, 150, (5595)
151, (5613)
152, (5673).--§ 653 (do.): XII, 153, (5676), (5771), (5784).--§ 654 (do.): XII, 154, (5804)
156, (5841), (5845), (5850)
157, (5861), (5867).--§ 655 (do.): XII, 158, (5878)
159, (5913), (5917)
160, (5930), 5962, 5963
161, (5964)
162, (5979)
163, (6005)
164, (6029)
165, (6039).--§ 656 (do.): XII, 166, 6128, (6129).--§ 657 (do.): XII, 167, 6210.--§ 658 (do.): XII, 168, (6268), (6293)
169, (6317)
170, (6342), (6344)
171, (6368), (6373)
172, (6403)
173, (6430), 6456.--§ 659 (Mokshadh.): XII, 174, (6458), (6463), (6521)
175, (6523), (6561)
176, (6563)
177, (6587)
178, (6640), (6647)
179, (6654), (6661), (6689)
180, (6691)
181, (6746).--§ 660 (do.): XII, 182, (6769)
192, (7030).--§ 661 (do.): XII, 193, (7033)
194, (7068)
195, (7129)
196, (7156)
197, (7175), (7186)
198, (7188).--§ 662 (do.): XII, 199, (7199), (7215), (7227), (7232), (7285), (7319)
200, (7332), (7362). --§ 663 (do.): XII, 201, (7366).--§ 664 (do.): XII, 207, (7520).--§ 665 (do.): XII, 208, (7568).--§ 666 (do.): XII, 209, (7607).--§ 667 (do.): XII, 210, (7642)
211, (7689)
212, (7707), (7734)
213, (7742)
214, (7764)
215, (7793)
216, (7821)
217, (7842).--§ 668 (do.): XII, 218, (7882)
219, (7930), (7934).--§ 669 (do.): XII, 220, (7985)
221, (8005), (8007), (8013).--§ 670 (do.): XII, 222, (8023).-§ 671 (do.): XII, 223, (8059), (8069)
224, (8088)
225, (8148), (8185).--§ 612 (do.): XII, 226, (8187).--§ 673 (do.): XII, 227, (8214).--§ 674 (do.): XII, 229, (8334). --§ 675 (do.): XII, 230, (8430). (8434).--§ 676 (do.): XII, 231, (8455).--§ 677 (do.): XII, 232, (8483), (8487)
240, (8734)
242, (8806)
243, (8835)
245, (8884)
256, (9131), (9142).--§ 678 (do.): XII, 257, (9150)
260, (9231).--§ 680 (do.): XII, 262, (9277), (9289)
263, (9339), (9342)
264, (9441)
265, (9446), (9462).--§ 681 (do.): XII, 266, (9467), (9480).--§ 682 (do.): XII, 267, (9482).--§ 683 (do.): XII, 268, (9560).--§ 684 (do.): XII, 269, (9598).--§ 685 (do.): XII, 272, (9756), (9782), (9787), (9801), (9804).--§ 686 (do.): XII, 273, (9812).-§ 687 (do.): XII, 274, (9832)
275, (9856).--§ 688 (do.): XII, 276, (9874).--§ 689 (do.): XII, 277, (9916).--§ 690 (do.): XII, 278, (9929), (9966).--§ 691 (do.): XII, 279, (9968).--§ 692 (do.): XII, 280, (9995)
281, (10085), (10087), (10096).--§ 693 (do.): XII, 282, (10104), (10124), (10138)
283, (10143), (10170), (10184), (10189).--§ 694 (do.): XII, 284, (10211), (10238).--§ 696 (do.): XII, 285, (10347).--§ 697 (do.): XII, 286, (10486).--§ 698 (do.): XII, 287, (10533).--§ 699 (do.): XII, 288, (10554).-§ 700 (do.): XII, 289, (10613), (10615).--§ 701 (do.): XII, 290, (10664), (10680).--§ 702 (do.): XII, 291, (10699)
298, (10941)
299, (10942), (10991).--§ 703 (do.): XII, 300, (10993), (11036).--§ 704 (do.): XII, 301, (11038), (11047), (11079)
302, (11100), (11151), (11181).--§ 705 (do.): XII, 303, (11220)
309, (11508).--§ 706 (do.): XII, 310, (11518), (11542).--§ 707 (do.): XII, 311, (11545)
319, (11818).--§ 708 (do.): XII, 320, (11839).--§ 709 (do.): XII, 321, (11854), (11928), (12043).--§ 710 (do.): XII, 322, (12046), (12137).--§ 711 (do.): XII, 323, (12139).--§ 712 (do.): XII, 324, (12163)
325, (12187).-§ 713 (do.): XII, 326, (12215)
327, (12260).--§ 714 (do.): XII, 328, (12312)
329, (12365), (12386).--§ 715 (do.): XII, 330, (12422).--§ 716 (do.): XII, 333, (12577)
334, (12608).--§ 717 (do.): XII, 335, (12654)
336, †(12696), (12711)
337, (12752), (12768)
338, (12819), (12823), (12831), (12859)
339, (12861)
340, (12865), (12882), (12974), (12980), (13002)
347, 13443 (śṛṇvatoḥ Kṛshṇa-Bhīshmayoḥ)
349, 13557 (do.), 13611 (do.).--§ 718 (do.): XII, 353, (13765)
354, (13775)
357, (13818)
358, (13822)
359, (13835)
360, (13848)
362, (13884)
366, (13935).--§ 719 (Ānuśāsanik.): XIII, 1, (15), (33), (49), (61), (69), (80).--§ 720 (do.): XIII, 2, (87), (173).-§ 721 (do.): XIII, 4, (200), (212).--§ 722 (do.): XIII, 5, (264), (282).--§ 723 (do.): XIII, 6, (296).--§ 724 (do.): XIII, 7, (345), 371
8, (376).--§ 725 (do.): XIII, 9, (405), (417), (420).--§ 726 (do.): XIII, 10, (435), (450), (480), (494).--§ 727 (do.): XIII, 11, (508).--§ 728 (do.): XIII, 12, (529), (575).--§ 729 (do.): XIII, 13, (583).--§ 730 (do.): XIII, 14, (590), 605 (Pitāmahaḥ), (606).--§ 731 (do.): XIII, 19, (1390), (1407), (1476)
20, (1485), (1497)
21, (1513), (1523), (1529).--§ 732 (do.): XIII, 22, (1532), (1534), (1536), (1539), (1545), (1547), (1549), (1555), (1557), (1563)
23, (1573), (1621)
24, (1677).--§ 733 (do.): XIII, 25, (1690).--§ 734 (do.): XIII, 26, 1766, 1768 (Bhº āśritāḥ…kathāḥ), 1769, 1774, 1775, (1777), †(1860), 1863.--§ 735 (do.): XIII, 27, (1870), (1892)
28, (1896)
29, (1913).--§ 736 (do.): XIII, 30, (1944).-§ 737 (do.): XIII, 31, (2009).--§ 738 (do.): XIII, 32, (2046), (2060).--§ 739 (do.): XIII, 33, (2084)
34, (2110), (2140)
35, (2142).--§ 740 (do.): XIII, 36, (2165), (2183). --§ 741 (do.): XIII, 37, (2185), (2189).--§ 742 (do.): XIII, 38, (2203), (2206), (2208).--§ 743 (do.): XIII, 40, (2247), (2271), (2274)
41, (2307), (2334)
42, (2344)
43, (2377).--§ 744 (do.): XIII, 44, (2406), (2424), (2434)
45, (2462), (2471)
46, (2484)
47, (2505), (2529), (2547)
48, (2564), (2602)
49, (2615), (2619), (2625), (2627), (2632), (2635).--§ 745 (do.): XIII, 50, (2642)
51, (2668), (2681), (2688), (2707)
52, (2722), (2728)
53, (2756), (2803)
54, (2825)
56, (2919).--§ 746 (do.): XIII, 57, (2931)
58, (2971)
59, 3005
60, (3045)
61, (3067)
62, (3104), (3156)
63, (3203), (3242)
64, (3253), (3288)
65, (3289)
66, (3310), (3314)
67, (3377)
68, (3396), (3418)
69, (3433), (3444)
70, (3452)
71, (3486)
72, (3546)
74, (3616)
75, (3629)
76, (3666), †3693
77, (3699), (3705)
78, (3732), (3735)
80, (3801)
81, (3803)
82, (3852)
83, (3879), (3924).--§ 747 (do.): XIII, 84, (3940)
85, (4183).--§ 748 (do.): XIII, 86, (4190).-§ 749 (do.): XIII, 87, 4222 (Śāntanavaḥ), (4223)
88, (4241)
89, (4255)
90, (4271)
91, (4328)
92, (4372).-§ 750 (do.): XIII, 93, (4397), (4399), (4405), (4414), (4449), (4458), (4468), (4481), (4541).--§ 751 (do.): XIII, 94, (4547), (4588).--§ 752 (do.): XIII, 95, (4604), (4619)
96, (4630), (4636), (4641), (4644).--§ 753 (do.): XIII, 97, (4652), (4675).--§ 754 (do.): XIII, 98, (4678).--§ 755 (do.): XIII, 99, (4745)
100, (4773).--§ 756 (do.): XIII, 101, (4814), (4841).--§ 757 (do.): XIII, 102, (4844).--§ 758 (do.): XIII, 103, (4908), (4950).--§ 759 (do.): XIII, 104, (4957)
105, (5114)
106, 5139 (Śāntanavaḥ), (5140)
107, (5209)
108, (5350)
109, (5371)
110, 5387 (Kurupi-tāmahaṃ), (5389).--§ 760 (do.): XIII, 111, (5400).--§ 761 (do.): XIII, 114, (5578)
115, (5600)
116, (5686).--§ 762 (do.): XIII, 117, (5726), (5737)
119, (5777), (5787), (5789). --§ 763 (do.): XIII, 120, (5794)
121, (5821)
122, (5838). --§ 764 (do.): XIII, 123, (5859), (5878).--§ 765 (do.): XIII, 124, (5881).--§ 766 (do.): XIII, 125, (5922)
126, (6005), (6015), (6046)
130, (6102)
131, (6141)
132, (6155)
134, (6196).--§ 767 (do.): XIII, 135, (6200)
136, (6222)
137, (6246)
138, (6280).--§ 768 (do.): XIII, 139, 6294 (Bhāgīrathīputraḥ), (6295)
140, (6338), (6388)
146, (6778), (6804)
148, (6887), 6934 (ºānuśāsanaṃ).-§ 769 (do.): XIII, 149, (6939).--§ 770 (do.): XIII, 151, (7082).--§ 771 (do.): XIII, 152, (7163).--§ 772 (do.): XIII, 153, (7186)
156, (7265), (7269)
157, (7291)
158, (7326).--§ 773 (do.): XIII, 159, (7356)
160, 7457.-§ 774 (do.): XIII, 163, 7532 (Śāntanavaṃ), (7534), (7543), (7551), (7560), (7566)
164, (7608)
165, (7612).--§ 775 (do.): XIII, 166, 7627, (7630).--§ 776 (do.): XIII, 167, 7689 (Kauravāṇāṃ dhurandhare).--§ 777 (Svargārohaṇikap.): XIII, 168, 7713 (ºsaṃskaraṇāya), 7716 (ºsyāgnīn), 7730, (7735), (7742), 7752
169, 7759 (Śāntanavaḥ), 7766, 7773 (Kurukulodvahaṃ), 7792 (Kuruśārdūlaṃ).--§ 778 (Aśvamedhikap.): XIV, 2, 24 (Bhāgīrathīsutāt).--§ 779 (do.): XIV, 12, 326 (Droṇaº bhyāṃ).--§ 780 (do.): XIV, 14, 368, 369 (ºKarṇapurogānāṃ Kurūṇāṃ).--§ 781 (do.): XIV, 15, 393.--§ 784b (Utaṅka): XIV, 53, 1552.--§ 785 (Anugītāp.): XIV, 60, 1775, 1780 (Kauravyaḥ)
61, 1822
63, 1876
81, 2410, 2415 (Śūntanavaḥ).--§ 787 (Āśramavāsap.): XV, 3, 79
7, 255
8, 259
9, 283
10, 320, 332
11, 366 (ºādīnāṃ), 371, 378
12, 386 (ºādīnāṃ)
14, 411, 414.--§ 789 (Putradarś.): XV, 29, 797 (Śāntanavaṃ)
31, 858 (Bhīshmañ ca viddhi Gāṅgeyaṃ Vasuṃ mānushatāṃ gataṃ)
32, 874.--§ 795 (Svargārohaṇap.): XVIII, 4, 145 (Vasubhiḥ sahitaṃ Śāntanavaṃ)
5, 148, 158. Compare also the following synonyms:-Āpagāsuta (“son of the river”): I, 4480
VI, 5216. Āpageya (do.), q.v. Bhāgīrathīputra (“son of Gaṅgā”): XIII, 6294. Bhāgīrathīsuta (do.): XIV, 24. Bhārata, q.v. Bharataśreshṭha (“the best of the Bhº”), q.v. Bhā¤ratāṇāṃ pitāmahaḥ (“the grandfather of the Bhº”), q.v. Bharatarshabha (do.), q.v. Bharatasattama (do.), q.v. Bhīshmaka: V, 5981. Śāntanava: I, †176, †184, 2261, 2420, 4077, 4080, 4108, 4115, 4118, 4122, 4254, 4425, 4911, 4960, 5660, 5662, 5707, 5860, 7489, 7518, 7535, 7567 (rājñā?), 8050 (rājñaḥ?)
II, 1332, 1347, 1371, 2477
III, 1110 (Pitāmahaḥ)
IV, 912 (Bharatānāṃ pitāmahaḥ), 1176, 1238, 1600, 1734, 1755 (sarveshāṃ naḥ pitāmahaḥ, has a golden helm, etc.), 2035 (Bhāratānāṃ pitāmahaḥ), 2056, 2068, 2081, †2108, †2124, †2131 (Pitāmahaṃ vṛddhaṃ), 2167
V, 89 (nṛpaḥ), 642, †790, 923 (Bhāratānāṃ pitāmahaṃ), 1897 (rājñe?), 1916, 1951, 2243, 2428, 2492 (vṛddhaṃ…Pitāmahaṃ), 2501 (Pitāmahaṃ), 3371, 3374, 4186, 4195, 4287, 4346, 4367 (rājñā?), 4824, 4828, 4898 (Pitāmahaḥ), †5039, 5278, 5956, 6008, 6070, 7575, 7608
VI, 497 (Bhāratānāṃ pitāmahaḥ), 516, 524, 552, 568, 570, 572, 575, 580, 628, 654, 675 (rājñā), 757, 1563, 1677, 1838, 1841, 1869, 1874 1897, 1916, 1917, 1924, 1929, 1943, 2029, 2142, 2165, 2195 2339, 2402, 2403, 2494, 2527, †2585 (rājñaḥ), †2604, †2606 †2621, †2623, †2655 (rājñā), 2656, †2671, 2849, 2883, 3049 3090, 3128, 3192, 3194, 3198, 3508, 3575, 3581, 3584, 3588, †3764, †3765, †3769, †3773 (rājñā), 3792, 3794, 3798, 3805, 3838, 3852, 3884, 3891, 3969, 4113, 4240, 4339, 4411, 4476, 4500, 4614, 4876, 4925, 4940, 4954, 5009, 5057, 5092, 5335, 5342, 5360, 5368, 5533 (pitā Śºs tava, i.e. Dhṛtarāshṭra's), 5548, 5609, 5621, 5634, 5670, 5688, 5699, 5701, 5704 (Bhāratānāṃ pitāmaha), 5721, 5730, 5764, 5765, 5774, 5776, 5790, †5799
VII, 23, †53, †59, †63, 144
VIII, 22, 93, 3640
IX, 1306, 3588
X, 196
XI, 649, 654, 656
XII, 1826, 1862, 2714, 4923
XIII, 3596, 3598, 4222, 5139, 6936, 7532, 7629, 7697, 7717, 7759, 7767
XIV, 2409, 2414, 2415
XV, 797
XVIII, 145. Śāntanoḥ putraḥ (“the son of Śº”) = Bhīshma: VI, 5680
IX, 1294
XI, 740. Śāntanoḥ sutaḥ (do.) = Bhīshma: V, 3707
VI, 2564, 4849, 5079. Śāntanūja (do.) = Bhīshma: V, †1847. Śāntanunandana (do.) = Bhīshma: I, 4085
VI, 569, 5818
XII, 1926. Śāntanusuta (do.) = Bhīshma: XIII, 7761. Devavrata, the original name of Bhīshma: I, 3800, 3965 (Gāṅgeyaḥ), 3987, 4024, 4039
V, 2164, 5003 (Bhº), 5020, 5037
VI, 580, 642 (pitā Dºs tava, i.e. Dhṛtarāshṭra's), 1904 (do.), 1934 (do.), 1948 (do.), 1966 (do.), 1970 (do.), 1973 (do.), 2158 (do.), 2342 (do.), 2345 (do.), 2394 (do.), 2404 (do.), 2511 (do.), 3060 (do.), 3273 (do.), 3291 (do.), 3771, 3807 (pitā Dºs tava, i.e. Dhṛtarāshṭra's), 3892 (do.), 3925 (do.), 4227, 4619 (pitā Dºs tava, i.e. Dhṛtarāshṭra's), 4684 (do.), 4877 (do.), 4932, 4938 (Bhº), 5078 (pitā Dºs tava, i.e. Dhṛºs), 5346 (do.), 5459 (do.), 5694, 5768
VII, 2, 13, 14, 24, 31, 32, 351
XI, 659 (gate…svargaṃ devakalpe)
XII, 1925 (śaratalpagate 'cyute). Gaṅgāsuta = Bhīshma: VI, 3518, 3765, 5770. Gāṅgeya = Bhīshma: I, 94, 3965 (sa tu Devavrato nāma Gāṅgeya iti cābhavat Dyu-nāmā Śāntanoḥ putraḥ Śāntanor adhiko guṇaiḥ), 3987 (Devavrato Vasuḥ), 4029, 4049, (4058), 4144, 4147, 4362, 4439, 5096, 5185, 5313
III, 165
IV, 1605, 2038, 2078 (Bhº), 2084
V, 2189 (Pitāmahaḥ), 4984, 5092, 5302, 5308, 5485, 5649, 5715 (pitaraṃ, i.e. Dhṛtarāshṭra's), 5717, 5725, 5820, 5836, 5846, 5943, 5988, 5990, 6073, 7256, 7306, 7307 (Śāntanoḥ putro Vasuḥ), 7374, 7559, 7562, 7594
VI, 607 (ºaṃ, so B.), 1678, 1679, 1911, 1925, 1936, 1969, 2150, 2156, 2158, 2162, 2168, 2173, 2189, 2341, 2344, 2481, 2532, 3119, 3126, 3531, 3565, 3578, †3763, 3796, 3888, 4252, 4358, 4412, 4430, 4441, 4477, 4487, 4488, 4489, 4490, 4491, 4683, 4692, 4695, 4763, 4921, 4946, 4976, 4983, 4990, 5055, 5071, 5085, 5093, 5096, 5098, 5103, 5116, 5119, 5161, 5308, 5332, 5428, 5453, 5474, 5475, 5532, 5533, 5591, 5612, 5619, 5636, 5638, 5661, 5662, 5685, 5824, 5856
VII, 18, 22, 38
VIII, 152
IX, 1934 (Bharataśreshṭhaḥ sarveshāṃ naḥ pitāmahaḥ), 3161, 3407
X, 533
XI, 653
XII, 183, 802, 1573 (Bhº), 1810, 1815, 1816, 1817, 1839, 1876, 1877, 1884 (saº), 1891, 1912, 1923, 1926, 1930, 1932, 1986, 2123, 2268 (Pitāmahaṃ)
XIII, 1759, 1771 (Kurusattamaṃ), 1942, 5402 (Pārthaºyoḥ), 5920, 6931, 6935, 7693, 7729, 7734, 7754, 7770, 7776, 7777 (Kuruśreshṭhaṃ), 7779
XIV, 1783
XV, 359, 858 (Bhº). Jāhnavīputra (“son of Gaṅgā”) = Bhīshma: VI, 5746. Jāhnavisuta (do.) = Bhīshma: V, 7015
VII, 21, 28. Kaurava, Kauravānāṃ dhurandharaḥ, Kauravānāṃ pitāmahaḥ, Kauravānām upaśrayaḥ, v. Kaurava. Kauravādhama. Kauravanandana. Kauravya. Kuruśārdūla. Kuruśreshṭha. Kurūdvaha. Kurukulaśreshṭha. Kurukulādhama. Kurukulodvaha. Kurumukhya. Kurūṇām abhayaṃkaraḥ v. Kuru, pl. Kurūṇāṃ śṛṅgaṃ v. Kuru, pl. Kurūṇām ṛshabhaḥ v. Kuru, pl. Kurunandana. Kurupati. Kurupitāmaha. Kurupravira. Kurupuṅgava. Kururājarshisattama. Kurusattama. Kurūttama. Kuruvaṃśaketu. Kuruvaraśreshṭha. Kuruvṛddha. (Kuruvṛddhatama). Mahāvrata (“who observes a great religious vow”): V, 5038, 7020 (Bhº), 7023, 7583 (Āpageyaṃ)
VI, †2594, †3770
VII, †57, 95 (pitaraṃ te, i.e. Dhṛtarāshṭra's) Nadīja (“son of the river”): IV, 1294
V, 78(?), 5030. Pitāmaha: I, 5790
III, 1110 (Śāntanavaḥ)
IV, †2131 (do.)
V, 2268, 2492 (Bhº), 2501 (Śāntanavaṃ)
VI, 1909, 1940, 1960, †2806, 4873, 5048, 5061, 5212, 5473, 5563
IX, 75 (Bhº), 278, 1789 [1934 (Gāṅgeyo Bharataśreshṭhaḥ sarveshāṃ naḥ pitāmahaḥ)], 2190 (pitāmahasyamahato vartamāne mahāmakhe), 2196, 2198, 2199, 2200, 3418
XI, 320
XII, 804, 1936, 1987, 1989, 1994, 2119, 2268 (Gāṅgeyaṃ), 2272, 2495, 2535, 2669, 2714, 2715, 2831, 2869, 2883, 2962, 2983, 3125, 3228, 3302, 3463, 3540, 3613, 3682, 3794, 4231, 4408(?), 4622, 4623, 4624, 4717, 4794, 5135, 5247, 5325, etc. Prapitāmaha: VI, 5538
XII, 6125. Sāgaragāsuta (“son of the river”): I, 4128, 4441
VI, 4938. *Satyasandha (“true”): V, †5652, †5655 (ºaṃ, so B.)
VIII, †3506. Tāladhvaja (“whose banner is the palmyra palm”): VI, 4742. Vasu, q.v.
Bhīshma^2 = Śiva (1000 names).
Bhīshma^3 (pl.). § 267 (Yamas.): II, 8, 335 (200 in the palace of Yamas.)
पुराणम्
Englishभीष्म / BHĪṢMA .1) Genealogy. From viṣṇu were descended in the following order--brahmā-atri-candra-budha-PurūravasĀyus-nahuṣa-yayāti-pūru-janamejaya-PrācinvāPravīra-namasyu-vītabhaya-śuṇḍu-BahuvidhaSaṁyāti-Rahovādi-raudrāśva-matināra-santurodha-duṣyanta-bharata-suhotra-suhotā-Gala-Gardda suketu-Bṛhatkṣetra-hasti-ajamīḍha-ṛkṣa-Samvaraṇa-kuru-jahnu-suratha-viḍūratha-SārvabhaumaJayatsena-Ravyaya-bhāvuka-cakroddhata-DevātithiṚkṣa-bhīma-pratīpa-śantanu-bhīṣma.2) Birth and Boyhood. Bhīṣma's name in his boyhood was devavrata. He was the eighth son of śantanu, a king of the lunar dynasty and Gaṅgādevī. This boy was the human embodiment of dyau, one of the aṣṭavasus. śantanu, his father was the re-birth of another king, Mahābhiṣeka. The story concerning this, as given in the mahābhārata is as follows:--
King Mahābhiṣeka after his death, attained viṣṇuloka. Once he went to visit brahmā at satyaloka. At that time Gaṅgādevī was also present in Brahmā's assembly. In that pious atmosphere, a gentle breeze began to blow and Gaṅgādevī's clothes were slightly deranged. Just at that moment, Mahābhiṣeka took a stealthy glance at her and she also returned that glance. This was noted by brahmā who turned both of them into human beings by a curse. Gaṅgādevi begged pardon and brahmā lifted the curse and blessed her that the aṣṭavasus would come to the earth to be born as her sons and that afterwards she could come back to Heaven. After that Gaṅgādevī was born as a mortal woman in the world under the name gaṅgā and she spent her days in the forests near the gaṅgā river valleys.
In those days the ruler of the Lunar dynasty was a king named pratīpa. Having no children, he went to the bank of the river gaṅgā and performed tapas there. Gaṅgādevī who was moving about in the forests nearby, saw the King deeply absorbed in his tapas. She approached him and sat on his right thigh. She wanted the King to be her husband. He explained to her that the right thigh is the proper seat of a daughter-in-law and so she would become his son's wife in due course. In course of time, pratīpa had a son, śantanu, born to him. When śantanu grew up into a young man, one day he went for a hunt to the gaṅgā-valley and there he met Gaṅgādevī. He fell in love with her at first sight and courted her. Gaṅgādevī agreed to become his wife on condition that he should not say anything to displease her and if he violated that condition she would leave him. The king accepted the condition and they became man and wife.
At about that time, the wife of Dyo, one of the aṣṭavasus, happened to see the sacrificial cow of the sage vasiṣṭha and wished to have it. She expressed her desire to her husband, Dyo. Dyo, with the other seven vasus went and took away by force, Vasiṣṭha's cow. vasiṣṭha in his anger cursed the aṣṭavasus to be born as mortals. They repented and begged pardon from vasiṣṭha. The sage told them that all of them would be born as the sons of Gaṅgādevī and all except Dyo, who actually stole the cow, would return to Heaven at the time of birth itself. As for Dyo, he would continue to live in the world for a long time, as an adventurous hero.
Gaṅgādevī became pregnant and gave birth to her first child. She carried the child to the river gaṅgā and threw it into the river. śantanu who followed her up to the river bank, did not say anything against her, remembering his promise.
Seven children were born to her and she threw all of them into the river in this way. When she gave birth to the eighth child, śantanu insisted that he would not allow her to throw away that child into the river. As he had violated the condition, the angry Gaṅgādevī left the palace with her child. She named it devavrata and brought him up in the forest. The sage vasiṣṭha and Gaṅgādevī taught him all branches of knowledge. Thirtytwo years later, the king went to the same forest for hunting. He saw a handsome boy stopping the flow of the river gaṅgā. Getting interested in the boy, the King approached him. But by that time he had disappeared. The King prayed to Gaṅgādevī to give back the child. She appeared with the child and after handing over the child to him vanished. The king returned to the palace with the child. (M.B. Ādi Parva, Chapters 95-100).3) The name bhīṣma. devavrata was anointed, as heir-apparent. One day King śantanu reached the forest near the gaṅgā river valley, for hunting. As he was hunting, absorbed in the beauty of the forest scenery, he felt the perfume of musk filling the air in the forest. He wondered from where it could come. He went on and on trying to find out the source of this smell until he reached the cottage of a fisherman. The fisherman had a daughter named satyavatī. It was from her that the fragrance of musk spread all around.(1) Satyavatī's original name was kālī. The fisherman got her from the stomach of a fish. (See the word adrikā). Since she had the smell of fish she got the name of “Matsyagandhī.” She used to assist a fisherman in his work as a ferryman in the river gaṅgā. Once the sage parāśara happened to get into her boat and he fell deeply in love with her. The sage removed the smell of fish from her and gave her the perfume of musk instead. By this mystic power he created a mist at noon and under its cover, he had a sexual union with her. As a result of it the child kṛṣṇa (vyāsa) was born. The child immediately left the mother to perform tapas in the forest after promising to return to her whenever she wished for his presence. Although she gave birth to a child, parāśara blessed that she would again remain a virgin. The whole episode remained a secret. As usual, satyavatī returned to the fisherman's cottage in the evening and continued to live with him. It is at this stage that śantanu was attracted by the perfume of musk and came to the cottage where he met satyavatī.) The king fell in love with her at first sight. He asked the fisherman to give the girl in marriage to him. But the brave fisher- man did not yield to the king's demand immediately. He laid down several conditions, one of which was that Satyavatī's sons should succeed to the throne of śantanu. The king was in a fix. devavrata was the eldest son and heir-apparent. To deny kingship to his sons would be highly improper. Unable to find a solution to this difficult problem, the king returned to the palace, much depressed and gloomy. There he avoided all company and took to his bed, passing his time in sadness and solitude.
When devavrata knew about his father's condition, he called the Ministers and asked them about it. They told him everything in details. At once, without informing even his father, devavrata went to the fisherman's cottage on the bank of the river gaṅgā and begged for satyavatī on behalf of his father. The fisherman repeated his former condition. devavrata agreed that Satyavatī's son shall be given the right of Kingship. The fisherman pointed out that disputes were likely to arise between Devavrata's sons and Satyavatī's children regarding the right of succession to the throne. At once devavrata stood up and made a solemn pledge that he would remain a bachelor for life. The fisherman gave satyavatī to devavrata to be taken to the King. devavrata took her to the palace and presented her to his father. The King, when he came to know of the part played by his son in the matter, rose from his bed and embraced devavrata with tears of joy and gratitude. The gods showered flowers on the scene. Because he had taken such a solemn oath, it was declared that henceforth he would be known by the name “BHĪṢMA”. The loving father śantanu also gave him a boon that bhīṣma would die only when he wished. (M.B., Ādi Parva, Chapter 100).4) Affairs of the Kingdom in crisis. Two sons named vicitravīrya and citrāṅgada were born to satyavatī by śantanu, who died shortly afterwards. As desired by satyavatī, bhīṣma crowned the boy citrāṅgada as king. Although Citrāṅgada's reign was a prosperous one, it could not last long. Once a gandharva named citrāṅgada attacked him at kurukṣetra and after a battle which lasted for three years, the gandharva citrāṅgada killed the King citrāṅgada. It was bhīṣma who performed the funeral rites of the King citrāṅgada. After that vicitravīrya was crowned King.
It was at that time that the svayaṁvara of the three daughters of the King of kāśī, Aṁbā, Aṁbikā and Aṁbālikā, was held. bhīṣma thought that it would be good if vicitravīrya married them. So bhīṣma attended that function. The presence of bhīṣma who was an old man, at the svayaṁvara, frightened the girls. The other kings who were present, stopped him from entering the place, since he had taken an oath to remain a lifelong bachelor. The old bhīṣma stood up and spoke at length about the eight different forms of marriage and after defeating several kings like Śālva, he seized the three daughters of the King of Kāśi and took them with him in his chariot to hastināpura. Preparations were made for the marriage of vicitravīrya with the three princesses. Then ambā approached bhīṣma and told him that she had already dedicated her heart to the king of Śālva. bhīṣma generously allowed her to return home. (For the rest of Ambā's story, see the word “Ambā”.
vicitravīrya married ambikā and ambālikā. He ruled over the country for seven years at the end of which he died of consumption. The dynasty faced a crisis, as there was no one to succeed him. satyavatī approached bhīṣma with a suggestion to beget children by Vicitravīrya's wife. But bhīṣma stood firmly on his solemn oath to continue as a life-long bachelor. (M.B. Ādi Parva, Verse 100-104).5) Bhīṣma's Wire Pulling. After that satyavatī summoned vyāsa to hastināpura and sons were born to ambikā, ambālikā and their maid by him. ambikā gave birth to dhṛtarāṣṭra, ambālikā gave birth to pāṇḍu and the maid gave birth to vidura. They grew up and dhṛtarāṣṭra married gāndhārī and pāṇḍu married kuntī and mādrī. duryodhana and his brothers were born to dhṛtarāṣṭra, while the pāṇḍavas were born to pāṇḍu. pāṇḍu died at the śataśṛṅga vana and mādrī observed satī by jumping into his funeral pyre and burning herself alive. After that, the kauravas and pāṇḍavas who lived in the palace at hastināpura, split up into two blocs. When the palace made of lac was destroyed by fire, the pāṇḍavas went into the forest and came back to the country after their marriage with pāñcālī. They ruled over the country with indraprastha as their capital. In the gambling contest between dharmaputra and duryodhana, the pāṇḍavas lost their kingdom and everything and so they went to the forest again. They lived for twelve years in the forest and spent one year incognito in the palace of the King of virāṭa. At that time the pāṇḍavas reappeared in the battle which took place as a result of the theft of King Virāṭa's cows by the kauravas. duryodhana asserted that he would not give so much land to the pāṇḍavas as to put a dot with a needle. With the failure of Śrī Kṛṣṇa's mediation, the kauravas and pāṇḍavas encamped on the opposite sides of the field of kurukṣetra, preparing for a grim battle.
bhīṣma was the chief protagonist in all these events relating to the kauravas and pāṇḍavas. At every stage in the story we see Bhīṣma's influence. The main events in which this superman who used to give shelter to kauravas and pāṇḍavas alike, played a decisive role, are given below:--(1) bhīṣma sent a messenger to subala, king of gāndhāra, to ask for the hand of gāndhārī, to be married to dhṛtarāṣṭra. (M.B. Ādi Parva, Chapter 109, Verse 11).(2) He went to the palace of śalya, king of madra and secured mādrī to be married to pāṇḍu. (M.B. Ādi Parva, Chapter 112).(3) He brought about the marriage between vidura and the daughter of devaka. (M.B. Ādi Parva, Chapter 113, Verse 2).(4) The Maharṣis who were the inhabitants of Śatasṛṅga told bhīṣma about the birth of the pāṇḍavas. (M.B. Ādi Parva, Chapter 125, Verse 22).(5) bhīṣma offered ‘Jalāñjali’ (worship with holy water) to pāṇḍu at his death. (M.B. Ādi Parva, Chapter 126, Verse 27). (6) He performed the death anniversary of pāṇḍu. (M.B. Ādi Parva, Chapter 127, Verse 1).(7) He engaged Droṇācārya to teach archery to the princes. (M.B. Ādi Parva, Chapter 130, Verse 77).(8) He burst into tears and wept bitterly on hearing that pāṇḍavas were burnt to death in the palace of lac and was about to offer them ‘Jalāñjali’. Just then, vidura came to him and secretly informed him that the pāṇḍavas were not dead. (M.B. Ādi Parva, Chapter 149, Dākṣiṇātya Pāṭha).(9) He advised duryodhana to give half the kingdom to the pāṇḍavas. (M.B. Ādi Parva, Chapter 202).(10) He had taken part in Dharmaputra's rājasūya yajña. dharmaputra had entrusted to bhīṣma, the arrangements for that yajña. (M.B. Sabhā Parva, Chapter 35, Verse 6).(11) He advised yudhiṣṭhira to give the highest place of honour in that yajña to śrī kṛṣṇa. (M.B. Sabhā Parva, Chapter 36, Verse 28).(12) bhīṣma ridiculed Śiśupāla (Sabhā Parva, Chapter 33).(13) Śiśupāla insulted bhīṣma. (Sabhā Parva, Chapter 41).(14) bhīṣma stopped bhīma who rushed out to kill Śiśupāla. (Sabhā Parva, Chapter 42, Verse 13).(15) It was bhīṣma who narrated the life story of Śiśupāla. (Sabhā Parva, Chapter 43).(16) In the battle against Śiśupāla, bhīṣma selected powerful Kings to help śrī kṛṣṇa. (Sabhā Parva, Chapter 44, Verse 41).(17) Once bhīṣma asked the sage pulastya about the value and importance of pilgrimage. (Vana Parva, Chapter 82, Verse 4).(18) bhīṣma advised duryodhana to be on friendly terms with the pāṇḍavas. (Vana Parva, Chapter 253, Verse 4).(19) In the battle which was fought by kauravas against King virāṭa, bhīṣma arranged the regiments in order, after sending duryodhana to hastināpura. (virāṭa Parva, Chapter 52, Verse 16).(20) A grim fight took place between arjuna who went to help the virāṭa army and bhīṣma. At last, it was the charioteer who removed bhīṣma, (who had fallen down unconscious) from the battlefield. (virāṭa Parva, Chapter 64).(21) When the kauravas were contemplating to fight against the pāṇḍavas who had returned after their incognito life, bhīṣma ridiculed karṇa and praised arjuna. (Udyoga Parva, Chapter 21, Verse 16).(22) At that time, he explained to duryodhana, the greatness of śrī kṛṣṇa and arjuna. (Udyoga Parva, Chapter 49, verse 2).(23) duryodhana proposed to bind the hands and feet of śrī kṛṣṇa who was expected to come as the envoy of the pāṇḍavas. Hearing this, bhīṣma in great anger, walked out of the council hall. (Udyoga Parva, Chapter 88, Verse 19).(24) bhīṣma strongly advised duryodhana to make a treaty of peace with the pāṇḍavas. (Udyoga Parva, Chapter 125, Verse 2).(25) He declared that he would not kill the pāṇḍavas but would kill 10, 000 soldiers of the pāṇḍavas everyday. Udyoga Parva, Chapter 156, Verse 21). (26) As desired by duryodhana, bhīṣma declared the Rathīs and Mahārathīs who belonged to the kaurava side. (Udyoga Parva, Chapters 165-168).(27) bhīṣma described all the Mahārathīs of the Pāṇḍava side to duryodhana. (Udyoga Parva, Chapters 169172).(28) bhīṣma told duryodhana that śikhaṇḍī and the pāṇḍavas should not be killed. (Udyoga Parva, Chapter 172, Verse 20).(29) bhīṣma offered pūjā to paraśurāma. (Udyoga Parva, Chapter 123, Verse 27).(30) Aṁbā who was allowed by bhīṣma to marry her lover, King Śālva, was rejected by him and returned to bhīṣma again. But he did not accept her. Although paraśurāma pleaded with him on behalf of Aṁbā, bhīṣma did not marry her. (Udyoga Parva, Chapter 178, Verse 32).(31) In connection with Ambā's case, a duel was fought on the field of kurukṣetra between bhīṣma and paraśurāma. bhīṣma started the duel after asking for the permission of paraśurāma. Pleased with the fight, the Vasus presented to bhīṣma, the Prasvāpana arrow. But he did not use that arrow against paraśurāma, since the gods and nārada prevented him from doing so. At the request of the gods, pitṛs and Gaṅgādevī, bhīṣma stopped the fight and prostrated at the feet of paraśurāma. (Udyoga Parva, Chapters 178-185).(32) bhīṣma narrated to duryodhana the story of ambā who was re-born as śikhaṇḍī. (Udyoga parva, Chapters 188-192).(33) bhīṣma himself told duryodhana that he had the strength to annihilate all the pāṇḍavas. (Udyoga Parva, Chapter 193, Verse 14).(34) Before the beginning of the battle, yudhiṣṭhira went to bhīṣma and asked for his permission to start it. bhīṣma granted him permission and blessed him. (bhīṣma parva, Chapter 43, Verse 44).6) bhīṣma in bhārata yuddha. (1) On the first day of the battle a duel took place between bhīṣma and arjuna. (bhīṣma parva, Chapter 45, Verse 8).(2) In the battle bhīṣma killed śveta, the son of king virāṭa. (bhīṣma parva, Chapter 48, Verse 3).(3) There was again a terrible fight with arjuna. (bhīṣma Parva, Chapter 52).(4) sātyaki killed Bhīṣma's charioteer. (bhīṣma parva, Chapter 64, Verse 114).(5) Seeing that the army of the kauravas was being scattered in all directions by the violent strokes of arjuna bhīṣma ordered to stop the second day's battle. (bhīṣma Parva, Chapter 55, Verse 42).(6) bhīṣma challenged śrīkṛṣṇa for the fight. (bhīṣma Parva, Chapter 59, Verse 96).(7) Fought again with arjuna. (bhīṣma parva, Chapter 60, Verse 25).(8) bhīṣma gave orders to Droṇācārya and duryodhana to save bhagadatta who fell in danger. (bhīṣma parva, Chapter 64, verse 64).(9) bhīṣma told duryodhana that arjuna and kṛṣṇa were the incarnations of nara and nārāyaṇa. (bhīṣma Parva, Chapters 65-68).(10) bhīṣma praised the greatness of Brahmapūta Stotra. (bhīṣma parva, Chapter 68, Verse 2).(11) Seeing śikhaṇḍī rushing forward to oppose him, bhīṣma put an end to the battle. (bhīṣma parva, Chapter 69, Verse 29).(12) A terrible fight took place between bhīṣma and Bhīmasena. (bhīṣma parva, Chapter 70).(13) There was again a fight with arjuna. (bhīṣma Parva, Chapter 71).(14) bhīṣma wounded Bhīmasena and defeated sātyaki. (bhīṣma parva, Chapter 71, Verse 21).(15) bhīṣma wounded King virāṭa. (bhīṣma parva, Chapter 73, Verse 2).(16) duryodhana who was frightened by Bhīmasena's deeds of valour, was encouraged by bhīṣma. (bhīṣma Parva, Chapter 80, Verse 8).(17) He deprived dharmaputra of his chariot. (bhīṣma parva, Chapter 86, Verse 11).(18) When Bhīmasena killed Bhīṣma's charioteer, the horses turned round and ran away, dragging the chariot with them. (bhīṣma parva, Chapter 88, Verse 12).(19) He ordered bhagadatta to fight with ghaṭotkaca. (bhīṣma parva, Chapter 95, Verse 17).(20) He swore that all except śikhaṇḍī would be killed. (bhīṣma parva, Chapter 98, Verse 4).(21) sātyaki and bhīṣma fought again. (bhīṣma parva, Chapter 104, Verse 29).(22) bhīṣma killed 14, 000 Mahārathīs who belonged to the cedi, Kāśi and karūṣa countries. (bhīṣma parva, Chapter 106, Verse 18).(23) bhīṣma explained to dharmaputra, the method by which he (bhīṣma) could be killed. (bhīṣma parva, Chapter 107, verse 76).(24) He declared that he would not fight with śikhaṇḍī, who was neither man nor woman. (bhīṣma parva, Chapter 108, Verse 43).(25) He allowed yudhiṣṭhira to launch an attack on himself (bhīṣma). (bhīṣma parva, Chapter 115, Verse 13).(26) bhīṣma, shot by Arjuna's arrow, fell down unconscious. (bhīṣma parva, Chapter 117, Verse 64).(27) bhīṣma who recovered and rose again, killed śatānīka, brother of King virāṭa. (bhīṣma parva, Chapter 118, Verse 27).(28) bhīṣma routed the Pāṇḍava army most disastrously. (bhīṣma parva, Chapters 118, 119).(29) He considered the misery of life and the sweetness of death. (bhīṣma parva, Chapter 119, Verse 34).(30) bhīṣma who was wounded by Arjuna's arrows, described to duśśāsana, the heroism of arjuna. (bhīṣma Parva, Chapter 119, Verse 56).(31) arjuna shot his arrow at bhīṣma and made him fall down from his chariot. (bhīṣma parva, Chapter 119, Verse 87).(32) He told haṁsa that he would remain alive until the sun came to Uttarāyaṇa. (bhīṣma parva, Chapter 119, Verse 104).(33) bhīṣma who fell and lay on a bed of arrows begged for a pillow to the Kings. (bhīṣma parva, Chapter 120, Verse 34).(34) When he found that they were not paying any heed to his entreaties, he asked for a pillow to arjuna. (bhīṣma Parva, Chapter, 120, Verse 28).(35) He exhorted the Kings to put an end to the battle. (bhīṣma parva, Chapter 120, Verse 51).(36) bhīṣma begged for water to arjuna. (bhīṣma parva, Chapter 121, Verse 18). (37) He advised duryodhana to end the battle. (bhīṣma Parva, Chapter 121, Verse 38).(38) As karṇa wished for ‘Vīrasvarga’ (Heaven for the valiant) bhīṣma permitted him to fight. (bhīṣma parva, Chapter 122, verse 34).(39) vyāsa sent dharmaputra to bhīṣma to learn the mysteries of “Dharma” from bhīṣma before his (Bhīṣma's) death. (śānti Parva, Chapter 37, Verse 5).(40) bhīṣma said that śrī kṛṣṇa was more competent to give advice on “Dharma” than himself. (śānti Parva, Chapter 52, Verse 2).(41) When the frightened and ashamed yudhiṣṭhira approached him, bhīṣma cheered him up. (śānti Parva, Chapter 14, Verse 19).(42) bhīṣma explained to yudhiṣṭhira, with the help of various examples and illustrations, “Rājya Dharma”, “Āpaddharma”, and “Mokṣa Dharma”. (śānti Parva, Chapter 56, to anuśāsana parva, Chapter 165).(43) After giving his advice to yudhiṣṭhira bhīṣma gave him permission to enter hastināpura. (anuśāsana parva, Chapter 166, verse 50).(44) He gave advice to dhṛtarāṣṭra regarding his duties and responsibilities. (anuśāsana parva, Chapter 167, Verse 30).(45) He asked for Śrī Kṛṣṇa's permission to renounce his body. (anuśāsana parva, Chapter 167, Verse 37).(46) With Śrī Kṛṣṇa's permission, bhīṣma renounced his body. (anuśāsana parva, Chapter 168, Verse 2).(47) The kauravas performed the funeral rites and Jalāñjali (purification by sprinkling water) of bhīṣma (anuśāsana parva, Chapter 168, Verse 10).(48) Gaṅgādevī lamented that śikhaṇḍī, who was neither man nor woman, killed bhīṣma. (anuśāsana parva, 168, Verse 21).(49) vyāsa and śrī kṛṣṇa told Gaṅgādevī that bhīṣma died by Arjuna's arrow. (anuśāsana parva, Chapter 168, Verse 30).(50) On a later occasion vyāsa invoked into the river gaṅgā, those who died in the battle and among them bhīṣma was also present. (āśramavāsika parva, Chapter 32, verse 7).(51) After his death, bhīṣma remained in Heaven as dyau, one of the aṣṭavasus. (svargārohaṇa parva, Chapter 5, Verse 11).
Other names of bhīṣma. Āpageya, Āpagāsuta, Bhāgīrathīputra, bhārata, Pitāmaha, Bharatarṣabha, Bharatasattama, bhīṣmaka, śāntanava, Śantanuputra, Śantanusuta, Śantanuja, devavrata, Gaṅgāsuta, gāṅgeya, Jāhnavīputra, kaurava, Kauravanandana, kauravya, Kuruśārddūla, Kuruśreṣṭha, Kurūdvaha, Kurukulaśreṣṭha, Kurukulodvaha, Kurumukhya, Kurunandana, Kurupati, nadīja, Prapitāmaha, Sāgaragāsuta, satyasandha, tāladhvaja, vasu are other names of bhīṣma used in the mahābhārata.
शब्दकल्पद्रुमः
Sanskritभीष्मं, त्रि, (बिभेत्यस्मादिति । भी + “भियः षुग्वा ।” उणा० । १ । १४७ । इति मक् । वाषुगागमश्च ।) भयानकम् । इत्यमरः । १ । ७ । २० ॥
(यथा, शतपथब्राह्मणे । ११ । ६ । १ । ३ ।“सहोवाच भीष्मं वत भोः पुरुषान् वा ।”“भीष्मं भयङ्करं ।” इति तद्भाष्ये महीधरः ॥
)
भीष्मः, (बिभेत्यस्मादिति । भी + मक् । षुग्वेति पक्षे षुक् ।) भयानकरसः । इत्यमर-टीकायां भरतः ॥
शिवः । राक्षसः । इतिहेमचन्द्रः ॥
गाङ्गेयः । स च शान्तनुराज-चक्रवर्त्तिनो गङ्गायां भार्य्यायां जातः । स परम-धर्म्मात्मा महावीरः । येन पितुर्दासकन्या-विवाहार्थं पितृराज्यं त्यक्तं, यश्च स्वस्य विवाहंत्यक्त्वा ऊर्द्ध्वरेता जातः । इति श्रीभागवतम् ॥
तस्योत्पत्तिर्यथा, --“अथ तामष्टमे जाते पुत्त्रे प्रहसतीमिव ।उवाच राजा दुःखार्त्तः परीप्सन् सुतमात्मनः ॥
मा वधीः कासि कस्यासि किञ्च हंसि सुता-निति ।पुत्त्रघ्नि ! सुमहत् पापं संप्राप्तं ते सुगर्हिते ! ॥
”स्त्र्युवाच ।“पुत्त्रकाम ! न ते हन्मि पुत्त्रं पुत्त्रवतांवर ! ।जीर्णस्तु मम वासोऽयं यथा स समयः कृतः ॥
अहं गङ्गा जह्नुसुता महर्षिगणसेविता ।देवकार्य्यार्थसिद्ध्यर्थमुषिताहं त्वया सह ॥
अष्टौ ये वसवो देवा महाभागा महौजसः ।वशिष्ठशापदोषेण मानुषत्वमुपागताः ॥
तेषां जनयिता नान्यस्त्वदृते भुवि विद्यते ।मद्विधा मानुषी धात्री लोके नास्ति कदाचन ॥
तेषाञ्च जननीहेतोर्मानुषत्वमुपागता ।जनयित्वा वसूनष्टौ जिता लोकास्त्वयाक्षयाः ॥
देवानां समयस्त्वेष वसूनां संश्रुतो मया ।जातं जातं मोक्षयिष्ये जन्मतो मानुषादिति ॥
तत्ते शापाद्विनिर्मुक्ता आपवस्य महात्मनः ।स्वस्ति तेऽस्तु गमिष्यामि पुत्त्रं पाहि महा-व्रतम् ॥
एष पर्य्यायवासो मे वसूनां सन्निधौ कृतः ।मत्प्रसूतं विजानीहि गङ्गादत्तमिमं सुतम् ॥
”इत्यादिपर्व्वणि भीष्मोत्पत्तिनाम १०० अध्यायः ॥
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