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प्राण (prANa)
प्राण
Masculine, Feminine, Neuter
(
-णः-णा-णं
)
Full,
replete,
filled.
Masculine.
(
-णः
)
1.
Air
inhaled,
ins-
piration,
breath.
2.
Air,
wind.
3.
Life,
vitality.
4.
A
vital
organ
or
part.
5.
Strength,
power.
6.
Myrrh.
7.
Poetical
talent
or
ins-
piration.
8.
A
name
of
BRAMHĀ.
9.
A
title
of
BRAMHĀ,
the
Su-
preme
spirit.
10.
An
aspiration
in
the
articulation
of
letters.
Masculine.
plu.
(
-णाः
)
The
five
vital
airs
or
modes
of
inspiration
and
expira-
tion
collectively.
Etymology
प्र
before,
अन्
to
breathe,
Affix.
घञ्
।
प्राण
-
prANa
-
Masculine
-
breath
प्राण
-
prANa
-
Masculine
-
breathoflife
प्राण
-
prANa
-
Adjective
-
filled
प्राण
-
prANa
-
Adjective
-
full
प्राण
-
prANa
-
Masculine
-
power
प्राण
-
prANa
-
Masculine
-
vital
organ
vital
air
प्राण
-
prANa
-
Masculine
-
life
प्राण
-
prANa
-
Masculine
-
respiration
spirit
vitality
प्राण
-
prANa
-
Masculine
-
air
inhaled
प्राण
-
prANa
-
Masculine
-
wind
प्राण
-
prANa
-
Masculine
-
myrrh
प्राण
-
prANa
-
Masculine
-
spirit
प्राण
-
prANa
-
Masculine
-
energy
प्राण
-
prANa
-
Masculine
-
name
of
the
letter
y
प्राण
-
prANa
-
Masculine
-
spirit
identified
with
the
totality
of
dreaming
spirits
प्राण
-
prANa
-
Masculine
-
poetical
inspiration
प्राण
-
prANa
-
Masculine
-
respiration
प्राण
-
prANa
-
Masculine
-
vigour
प्राण
prANa
Masculine
air
inhaled
आहर
Ahara
Masculine
inhaled
air
प्राणापान
prANApAna
Masculine
air
inhaled
and
exhaled
नस्य
nasya
Neuter
medicinal
powder
to
be
inhaled
प्राण
Masculine, Feminine, Neuter
(
-णः-णा-णं
)
Full,
replete,
filled.
Masculine.
(
-णः
)
1
Air
inhaled,
inspiration,
breath.
2
Air,
wind.
3
Life,
vitality.
4
A
vital
organ
or
part.
5
Strength,
power.
6
Myrrh.
7
Poetical
talent
or
inspiration.
8
A
name
of
BRAHMĀ.
9
A
title
of
BRAHMĀ,
the
supreme
spirit.
10
An
aspiration
in
the
articulation
of
letters.
Masculine.
plu.
(
-णाः
)
The
five
vital
airs
or
modes
of
inspiration
and
expiration
collectively.
Etymology
प्र
before
अन
to
breathe,
Affix.
अच्.
प्राणः
[
prāṇḥ
],
1
Breath,
respiration.
The
breath
of
life,
vitality,
life,
vital
air,
principle
of
life
(
usually
Plural.
in
this
sense,
the
Prāṇas
being
five
प्राण,
अपान,
समान,
व्यान
and
उदान
)
प्राणैरुपक्रोशमलीमसैर्वा
Raghuvamsa (Bombay).
2.53
12.54
(
हृदि
प्राणो
गुदे$पानः
समानो
नाभिसंस्थितः
।
उदानः
कण्ठदेशस्थो
व्यानः
सर्वशरीरगः
॥
).
The
first
of
the
five
life-winds
or
vital
airs
(
which
has
its
seat
in
the
lungs
)
अपाने
जुह्वति
प्राणं
प्राणे$पानं
तथापरे
।
प्राणापानगती
रुद्ध्वा
प्राणायाम-
परायणाः
॥
Bhagavadgîtâ (Bombay).
4.29.
Wind,
air
inhaled.
Energy,
vigour,
strength,
power
as
in
प्राणसार
quod vide, which see.
युद्धातिथ्यं
प्रदास्यामि
यथाप्राणं
निशाचर
Rāmāyana
3.5.28
Bhágavata (Bombay).
8.2.29
सर्वप्राणप्रवणमघवन्मुक्तमाहत्य
वक्षः
Mahâvîracharita (Borooah's Edition),
1.45.
The
spirit
or
soul
(
Opposite of.
शरीर
).
The
Supreme
Spirit
इमानि
भूतानि
प्राणमेवाभिसंविशन्ति
Bṛihadâraṇyakopanishad.
1.11.5.
An
organ
of
sense
स्पृष्ट्वैतानशुचिर्नित्यमद्भिः
प्राणानुपस्पृशेत्
।
गात्राणि
चैव
सर्वाणि
नाभिं
पाणितलेन
तु
॥
Manusmṛiti.
4.143
मरीचिमिश्रा
ऋषयः
प्राणेभ्यो$हं
च
जज्ञिरे
Bhágavata (Bombay).
1.6.31.
Any
person
or
thing
as
dear
and
necessary
as
life,
a
beloved
person
or
object
कोशः
कोशवतः
प्राणाः
प्राणाः
प्राणा
न
भूपतेः
Hitopadesa (Nirṇaya Ságara Edition).
2.9
अर्थपतेर्विमर्दको
बहिश्चराः
प्राणाः
Dk.
The
life
or
essence
of
poetry,
poetical
talent
or
genius
inspiration.
Aspiration
as
in
महाप्राण
or
अल्पप्राण
quod vide, which see.
Digestion.
A
breath
as
a
measure
of
time.
Gum-myrrh.
Life,
living
(
जीवन
)
दैवं
च
दैवसंयुक्तं
प्राणश्च
प्राणदश्च
ह
।
अपेक्षापूर्वकरणादशुभानां
शुभं
फलम्
॥
Mahâbhârata (Bombay).
*
12.36.14.
Food
(
अन्न
)
अनस्तिकानां
भूतानां
प्राणदाः
पितरश्च
ये
Mahâbhârata (Bombay).
*
12.12.4.
Name.
of
Brahmā,
Viṣṇu
and
other
gods.
Compound.
-अतिपातः
killing
a
living
being,
taking
away
life.
-अत्ययः
loss
of
life.
-अधिक
Adjective.
dearer
than
life.
superior
in
strength
or
vigour.
-अधिनाथः
a
husband.
-अधिपः
the
soul.
-अन्तः
death
capital
punishment
अब्राह्मणः
संग्रहणे
प्राणान्तं
दण्डमर्हति
Manusmṛiti.
8.359.
-अन्तिक
Adjective.
fatal,
mortal.
lasting
to
the
end
of
life,
ending
with
life.
dangerous.
capital
(
as
a
sentence
)
अज्ञानात्
वारुणीं
पीत्वा
संस्कारेणैव
शुद्ध्यति
।
मतिपूर्वमनिर्देश्यं
प्राणान्तिकमिति
स्थितिः
॥
Manusmṛiti.
11.146.
(
-कम्
)
murder.
-अपहारिन्
Adjective.
fatal,
destructive
to
life.
-अपानम्,
-नौ
air
inhaled
and
exhaled
प्राणापाना-
न्तरे
देवी
वाग्वै
नित्यं
प्रतिष्ठिता
Mañjūṣā.
-अयनम्
an
organ
of
sense
(
सुप्तिमूर्च्छोपतापेषु
प्राणायनविघाततः
।
नेहते$हमिति
ज्ञानं
मृत्युप्रज्वारयोरपि
॥
Bhágavata (Bombay).
4.29.72.
-आघातः
destruction
of
life,
killing
a
living
being
प्राणाघातान्निवृत्तिः
Bhartṛihari's three Satakas (the figures 1., 2., 3. after Bh. denoting Sṛingâraº, Nîtiº, and Vâirâgyaº).
3.63.-आचार्यः
a
physician
to
a
king.
-आत्मन्
Masculine.
the
vital
or
animal
soul.
-आद
Adjective.
fatal,
mortal,
causing
death.-आबाधः
injury
to
life
प्राणाबाधयुक्तास्वापत्सु
Kau.
Atmanepada.
1.8.-आयामः
restraining
or
suspending
the
breath
during
the
mental
recitation
of
the
names
or
attributes
of
a
deity.
-आहुतिः
Feminine.
an
oblation
to
the
five
Prāṇas.
ईशः,
ईश्वरः
a
lover,
husband
नीचैः
शंस
हृदि
स्थितो
हि
ननु
मे
प्राणेश्वरः
श्रोष्यति
Amarusataka.
67
बाला
लोलविलोचना
शिव
शिव
प्राणेशमालोकते
Bhâminîvilâsa (Bombay).
2.57.
wind.
-ईशा,
-ईश्वरी
a
wife,
beloved,
mistress.
-उत्क्रमणम्,
-उत्सर्गः
departure
of
the
soul,
death.
-उपहारः
food.
-कर
Adjective.
refreshing
or
reviving
the
spirits
सद्यो
मांसं
नवान्नं
च
बाला
स्त्री
क्षीरभोजनम्
।
क्षीर-
मुष्णोदकं
चैव
सद्यः
प्राणकराणि
षट्
॥
Chāṇakya.
-कर्मन्
Neuter.
Vital
function.
-कृच्छ्रम्,
-बाधा
peril
of
life,
a
danger
to
life.-ग्रहः
the
nose.
-घातक
Adjective.
destructive
to
life.
-घोषः
the
sound
from
the
ears
when
the
fingers
are
put
therein
छिद्रप्रतीतिश्छायायां
प्राणघोषानुपश्रुतिः
Bhágavata (Bombay).
1.42.29.
-घ्नःa.
fatal,
life-destroying.
-चयः
increase
of
strength.-छिद्
Adjective.
murderous.
destructive.
-छेदः
murder.
त्यागः
suicide
वरं
प्राणत्यागो
न
च
पिशुनवाक्येष्वभिरुचिः
Hitopadesa (Nirṇaya Ságara Edition).
1.
death.
-द
Adjective.
life-giving.
(
दम्
)
water.
blood.
(
दः
)
Viṣṇu.
Brahmā.
Terminalia
Tomentosa
(
Marâṭhî.
ऐन
).
-दा
Terminalia
Chebula
(
Marâṭhî.
हिरडा
).-दक्षिणा
gift
of
life
प्राणदक्षिणां
दा
'to
grant
one
his
life'.-दण्डः
capital
punishment.
-दयितः
a
husband.
-दातृa.
'life-giver',
saviour,
deliverer.
दानम्
resigning
life.
the
gift
of
life,
saving
one's
life.
-दुरोदरम्,
-द्यूतम्
fighting
for
life.
-दृह्
Adjective.
Sustaining
or
prolonging
the
breath.
-द्रोहः
an
attempt
upon
any
body's
life.-धार
Adjective.
living,
animate.
(
-रः
)
a
living
being.
धारणम्
maintenance
or
support
of
life.
vitality.
a
means
of
supporting
life.
नाथः
a
lover,
husband.
an
epithet
of
Yama.
-निग्रहः
restraint
of
breath,
checking
the
breath.
पतिः
a
lover,
husband.
the
soul
बुद्धिं
समाच्छाद्य
च
मे
समान्युरुद्भूयते
प्राणपतिः
शरीरे
Mahâbhârata (Bombay).
*
3.
269.4.
a
physician.
-पत्नी
the
voice.
-परिक्रयः
staking
one's
life.
-परिक्षीण
Adjective.
one
whose
life
is
drawing
to
a
close.
-परिग्रहः
possession
of
life,
life,
existence.
-प्रद,
-दायक,
-दायिन्
Adjective.
restoring
or
saving
life.-प्रयाणम्
departure
of
life,
death.
-प्रियः
'as
dear
as
life',
a
lover,
husband.
-भक्ष
Adjective.
feeding
on
air
only.-भास्वत्
Masculine.
the
ocean.
-भृत्
Adjective.
possessed
of
life,
living,
animate,
sentient.
(
Masculine.
)
a
living
being
अन्तर्गतं
प्राणभृतां
हि
वेद
Raghuvamsa (Bombay).
2.43.
Name.
of
Viṣṇu.
मोक्षणम्
departure
of
life,
death.
suicide.
-यमः
Equal or equivalent to, same as.
प्राणायाम
quod vide, which see.
यात्रा
support
of
life
maintenance,
livelihood
पिण्डपात-
मात्रप्राणयात्रां
भगवतीम्
Mâlatîmâdhava (Bombay).
1.
the
act
of
breathing.-यात्रिक
requisite
for
subsistence
प्राणयात्रिकमात्रः
स्यात्
Manusmṛiti.
6.57.
योनिः
the
Supreme
Being.
wind.
(
Feminine.
)
the
source
of
life.
रन्ध्रम्
the
mouth.
a
nostril.
रोधः
suppressing
the
breath.
danger
to
life.
-वल्लभा
a
mistress,
wife.
-विद्या
the
science
of
breath
or
vital
airs.
-विनाशः,
-विप्लवः
loss
of
life,
death.
-वियोगः
separation
of
the
soul
from
the
body,
death.
-वृत्तिः
Feminine.
a
vital
function.
-व्ययः
cost
or
sacrifice
of
life.
-शरीरः
the
Supreme
Being
स
क्रतुं
कुर्वीत
मनोमयः
प्राणशरीरः
Ch.
Up.
-संयमः
suspension
of
breath.-संशयः,
-संकटम्,
-संदेहः
risk
or
danger
to
life,
peril
of
life,
a
very
great
peril.
-संहिता
a
manner
of
reciting
the
Vedic
text.
-सद्मन्
Neuter.
the
body.
-सम
Adjective.
as
dear
as
life.
(
-मः
)
a
husband,
lover.
(
-मा
)
a
wife
नूनं
प्राणसमावियोगविधुरः
स्तम्बेरमस्ताम्यति
Mâlatîmâdhava (Bombay).
9.33.
-सार
Adjective.
'having
life
as
the
essence',
full
of
strength
and
vigour,
muscular
गिरिचर
इव
नागः
प्राणसारं
(
गात्रं
)
विभर्ति
Sakuntalâ (Bombay).
2.4.
-हर,
-हारिन्
Adjective.
causing
death,
taking
away
life,
fatal
पुरो
मम
प्राणहरो
भविष्यसि
Gîtagovinda.
7.
capital.-हारक
Adjective.
fatal.
(
-कम्
)
a
kind
of
deadly
poison.
प्राणः
1
Breath,
respiration.
2
The
breath
of
life,
vitality,
life,
vital
air,
principle
of
life
(
usually
pl.
in
this
sense,
the
Prāṇas
being
five
प्राण,
अपान,
समान,
व्यान
and
उदान
)
प्राणैरुपक्रोशमलमिसैर्वा
R.
2.
53
12.
54
(
हदि
प्राणो
गुदेऽपानः
समानो
नाभिसंस्थितः
।
उदानः
कंठदेशस्थो
व्यानः
सर्वशरीरगः
॥
).
3
The
first
of
the
five
life-winds
or
vital
airs
(
which
has
its
seat
in
the
lungs
)
Bg.
4.
29.
4
Wind,
air
inhaled.
5
Energy,
vigour,
strength,
power
as
in
प्राणसार
q.
v.
6
The
spirit
or
soul
(
opp.
शरीर
).
7
The
Supreme
Spirit.
8
An
organ
of
sense
Ms.
4.
143.
9
Any
person
or
thing
as
dear
and
necessary
as
life,
a
beloved
person
or
object
कोशः
कोशवतः
प्राणाः
प्राणाः
प्राणा
न
भूपतेः
H.
2.
92
अर्थपतेर्विमर्दको
बहिश्चराः
प्राणाः
Dk.
10
The
life
or
essence
of
poetry,
poetical
talent
or
genius
inspiration.
11
Aspiration
as
in
महाप्राण
or
अल्पप्राण
q.
v.
12
Digestion.
13
A
breath
as
a
measure
of
time.
14
Gum-myrrh.
Comp.
अतिपातः
killing
a
living
being,
taking
away
life.
अत्ययः
loss
of
life.
अधिक
a.
{1}
dearer
than
life.
{2}
superior
in
strength
or
vigour.
अधिनाथः
a
husband.
अधिपः
the
soul.
अंतः
death.
अंतिक
a.
{1}
fatal,
mortal.
{2}
lasting
to
the
end
of
life,
ending
with
life.
{3}
dangerous.
{4}
capital
(
as
a
sentence
).
(
कं
)
murder.
अपहारिन्
a.
fatal,
destructive
to
life.
अपानं
नौ
air
inhaled
and
exhaled.
अयनं
an
organ
of
sense.
आघातः
destruction
of
life,
killing
a
living
being
Bh.
3.
63.
आचार्यः
a
physician
to
a
king.
आत्मन्
m.
the
vital
or
animal
soul.
आद
a.
fatal,
mortal,
causing
death.
आबाधः
injury
to
life.
आयामः
restraining
or
suspending
the
breath
during
the
mental
recitation
of
the
names
or
attributes
of
a
deity.
आहुतिः
f.
an
oblation
to
the
five
Prāṇas.
ईशः,
ईश्वरः
{1}
a
lover,
husband
Amaru.
67
Bv.
2.
57.
{2}
wind.
ईशा,
ईश्वरी
a
wife,
beloved,
mistress.
उत्क्रमणं,
उत्सर्गः
departure
of
the
soul,
death.
उपहारः
food.
कर
a.
refreshing
or
reviving
the
spirits.
कृच्छ्रं,
बाधा
peril
of
life,
a
danger
to
life.
ग्रहः
the
nose.
घातक
a.
destructive
to
life.
घ्न
a.
fatal,
lifedestroying.
छिद्
a.
{1}
murderous.
{2}
destructive.
छेदः
murder.
त्यागः
{1}
suicide
वरं
प्राणत्यागो
न
च
पिशुनवाक्येष्वभिरुचिः
H.
1.
{2}
death.
द
a.
life-giving.
(
दं
)
{1}
water.
{2}
blood.
(
दः
)
Viṣṇu.
दक्षिणा
gift
of
life
प्राणदक्षिणां
दा
‘to
grant
one
his
life’.
दंडः
capital
punishment.
दयितः
a
husband.
दातृ
a.
‘life-giver’,
saviour,
deliverer.
दानं
{1}
resigning
life.
{2}
the
gift
of
life,
saving
one's
life.
दुरोदरं,
द्यूतं
fighting
for
life.
द्रोहः
an
attempt
upon
any
body's
life.
धार
a.
living,
animate.
(
रः
)
a
living
being.
धारणं
{1}
maintenance
or
support
of
life.
{2}
vitality.
{3}
a
means
of
supporting
life.
नाथः
{1}
a
lover,
husband.
{2}
an
epithet
of
Yama.
निग्रहः
restraint
of
breath,
checking
the
breath.
पतिः
{1}
a
lover,
husband.
{2}
the
soul.
पत्नी
the
voice.
परिक्रयः
staking
one's
life.
परिग्रहः
possession
of
life,
life,
existence.
प्रद,
दायक,
दायिन्
a.
restoring
or
saving
life.
प्रयाणं
departure
of
life,
death.
प्रियः
‘as
dear
as
life’,
a
lover,
husband.
भक्ष
a.
feeding
on
air
only.
भास्वत्
m.
the
ocean.
भृत्
a.
possessed
of
life,
living,
animate,
sentient.
(
m.
)
a
living
being
अंतर्गतं
प्राणभृतां
हि
वेद
R.
2.
43.
{2}
N.
of
Viṣṇu.
मोक्षणं
{1}
departure
of
life,
death.
{2}
suicide.
यमः
=
प्राणायाम
q.
v.
यात्रा
{1}
support
of
life
maintenance,
livelihood
पिंडपातमात्रप्राणयात्रां
भगवतीं
Māl.
1.
{2}
the
act
of
breathing.
योनिः
{1}
the
Supreme
being.
{2}
wind.
(
f.
)
the
source
of
life.
रंध्रं
{1}
the
mouth.
{2}
a
nostril.
रोधः
{1}
suppressing
the
breath.
{2}
danger
to
life.
विनाशः,
विप्लवः
loss
of
life,
death.
वियोगः
separation
of
the
soul
from
the
body,
death.
वृत्तिः
f.
a
vital
function.
व्ययः
cost
or
sacrifice
of
life.
शरीरः
the
Supreme
being.
संयमः
suspension
of
breath.
संशयः,
संकटं,
संदेहः
risk
or
danger
to
life,
peril
of
life,
a
very
great
peril.
संहिता
a
manner
of
reciting
the
Vedic
text.
सद्मन्
n.
the
body.
सम
a.
as
dear
as
life
(
मः
)
a
husband,
lover.
(
मा
)
a
wife.
सार
a.
‘having
life
as
the
essence’,
full
of
strength
and
vigour,
muscular
गिरिचर
इव
नागः
प्राणसारं
(
गात्रं
)
बिभर्ति
Ś.
2.
4.
हर
हारिन्
a.
{1}
causing
death,
taking
away
life,
fatal
पुरो
मम
प्राणहरो
भविष्यसि
Gīt.
7.
{2}
capital.
हारक
a.
fatal.
(
कं
)
a
kind
of
deadly
poison.
2.
प्राण॑
masculine gender.
(
ifc.
f(
आ
).
for
1.
See
under
√
प्रा,
page.
701
)
the
breath
of
life,
breath,
respiration,
spirit,
vitality
plural number.
life,
ṛg-veda
et cetera.
et cetera.
(
प्राणान्
with
√
मुच्
or
√
हा
or
परि-√
त्यज्,
‘to
resign
or
quit
life’
with
√
रक्ष्,
‘to
save
l°’
with
नि-√
हन्,
‘to
destroy
l°’
त्वम्
मे
प्राणः,
‘thou
art
to
me
as
dear
as
l°’
often
ifc.
confer, compare.
पति-,
मान-प्र्°
)
a
vital
organ
vital
air
(
3
in
number,
viz.
प्राण,
अपान
and
व्यान,
aitareya-brāhmaṇa
taittirīya-upaniṣad
suśruta
usually
5,
viz.
the
preceding
with
सम्-आन
and
उद्-आन,
śatapatha-brāhmaṇa
mahābhārata
suśruta
et cetera.
confer, compare.
Monier-Williams' Buddhism in its connexion with brāhmaṇ ism & hindū ism: and in its contrast ,with Christianity
242
or
with
the
other
vital
organs
6
śatapatha-brāhmaṇa
or
7
atharva-veda
brāhmaṇa
muṇḍaka-upaniṣad
or
9
atharva-veda
taittirīya-saṃhitā
brāhmaṇa
or
10
śatapatha-brāhmaṇa
plural number.
the
5
organs
of
vitality
or
sensation,
viz.
प्राण,
वाच्,
चक्षुस्,
श्रोत्र,
मनस्,
collectively,
chāndogya-upaniṣad
ii,
7,
i
or
equal, equivalent to, the same as, explained by.
nose,
mouth,
eyes
and
ears,
gopatha-brāhmaṇa
śrauta-sūtra
manu-smṛti
iv,
143
)
breath
(
as
a
sign
of
strength
),
vigour,
energy,
power,
mahābhārata
rāmāyaṇa
et cetera.
(
सर्वप्राणेन
or
-प्राणैः,
‘with
all
one's
strength’
or
‘all
one's
heart’
confer, compare.
यथा-प्राणम्
)
a
breath
(
as
a
measure
of
time,
or
the
t°
requisite
for
the
pronunciation
of
10
long
syllables
equal, equivalent to, the same as, explained by.
1/6
Vināḍikā
),
varāha-mihira
āryabhaṭa
viṣṇu-purāṇa
(
in
Vedānta
)
the
spirit
identified
with
the
totality
of
dreaming
spirits,
vedāntasāra
Religious Thought and Life in India, also called 'brāhmanism and hindūism,' by Sir M. Monier-Williams
35
(
confer, compare.
प्राणात्मन्
)
2.
प्राण,
अस्,
m.
(
for
1.
see
under
rt.
1.
प्रा,
p.
652
),
breathing,
breath,
respiration,
inspiration
and
expira-
tion,
breath
of
life,
spirit,
vital
action
or
life
generally,
vitality
a
vital
organ,
organ
of
sense,
vital
air,
(
the
vital
airs
are
variously
enumerated
as
three,
viz.
प्राण,
अपान,
and
व्य्-आन
or
five,
viz.
प्राण,
अपान,
सम्-आन,
व्य्-आन,
उद्-आन
or
with
the
other
vital
organs
six
or
seven,
or
nine
or
ten,
or
thirteen
the
fivefold
enumeration
being
however
the
most
usual
and
the
first
of
the
five
or
प्राण
being
used
from
its
seat
in
the
lungs
to
express
pre-eminently
life
and
vitality
)
air
inhaled,
wind
circulation
of
nutriment,
digestion
the
place
of
breathing,
the
mouth
and
nose
(
?
)
any
one
as
dear
as
the
breath
of
life,
any
beloved
object
(
e.
g.
त्वम्
मे
प्राणः,
thou
art
as
dear
to
me
as
the
breath
of
life
cf.
पति-प्राण
)
the
spirit
(
as
opposed
to
the
body
)
the
spirit
or
life
of
a
poem,
poetical
talent,
inspiration
the
soul
(
=
पुरुष
)
vigorous
action,
energy,
strength,
power,
might
[
cf.
यथा-प्राणाम्
]
breathing,
aspiration
(
in
the
pronunciation
of
letters
)
a
breath
as
a
measure
of
time,
viz.
the
time
required
for
the
pronunciation
of
ten
long
syllables
=
(
1/6
)
Vināḍikā
N.
of
a
Kalpa,
the
sixth
day
in
the
light
half
of
a
month
of
Brahmā
myrrh
a
mystical
expression
for
the
letter
य्
an
epithet
of
Brahma
the
Supreme
Spirit
N.
of
a
son
of
the
Vasu,
Dhara
of
one
of
the
eight
Vasus
of
a
Marut
of
one
of
the
seven
sages
in
the
second
Manv-antara
of
a
son
of
Dhātṛ
of
a
son
of
Vi-dhātṛ
the
brother
of
Dhātṛ
(
आस्
),
m.
pl.
the
five
vital
airs
or
modes
of
inspiration
and
expiration
collectively
(
see
above
)
life,
vitality,
the
vital
organs
or
organs
of
sense,
(
according
to
Kullūka,
Manu
IV.
143,
प्राणाः
=
चक्षुर्-आदीनीन्द्रियाणि
)
(
प्रा-
णान्
मुच्,
to
resign
or
lay
down
one's
life
प्राणान्
हा
or
परि-त्यज्,
to
quit
life
प्राणान्
रक्ष्,
to
save
life
प्राणान्
नि-हन्,
to
destroy
life
)
प्रा-
णैस्,
ind.
with
all
the
soul,
with
all
the
strength,
with
might
and
main
[
cf.
Gr.
φρήν,
ὀσ-φραίνομαι
Cambro-Brit.
fion,
‘the
breath
or
respiration,
a
puff
of
breath,
a
sigh.’
]
—प्राण-कर,
अस्,
ई,
अम्,
‘life-making,
’
refreshing
the
spirits
(
अस्
),
m.,
N.
of
the
father
of
the
author
of
the
Medinī.
—प्रा-
ण-कर्मन्,
अ,
n.
a
vital
function.
—प्राण-कृच्-
छ्र,
अम्,
n.
danger
to
life,
peril
of
life.
—प्राण-
कृष्ण,
अस्,
m.,
N.
of
an
author
of
various
works.
—प्राण-ग्रह,
अस्,
m.,
N.
of
a
particular
Soma
vessel.
—प्राण-घातक,
अस्,
ई,
अम्,
life-destroying,
de-
structive
to
life,
killing.
—प्राण-घ्न,
अस्,
ई,
अम्,
life-destroying,
deadly,
mortal.
—प्राण-च्छिद्,
त्,
त्,
त्,
cutting
off
life,
shortening
life,
murderous.
—प्रा-
ण-च्छेद,
अस्,
m.
the
cutting
off
of
life,
murder.
—प्राण-तोषणी,
f.,
N.
of
a
compendium
of
Tantra
works.
—प्राण-त्याग,
अस्,
m.
abandonment
of
life,
expiring,
death,
suicide.
—प्राण-द,
अस्,
आ,
अम्,
life-giving,
saving
life
(
अस्
),
m.
a
species
of
plant,
=
जीवक
(
आ
),
f.
the
plant
Terminalia
Chebula
(
=
हरीतकी
)
a
species
of
medicinal
plant,
=
ऋद्धि
(
अम्
),
n.
water
blood.
—प्राण-दक्षिणा,
f.
the
gift
of
life
प्राणदक्षिणां
दा,
to
grant
any
one
his
life.
—प्राण-दण्ड,
अस्,
m.
the
punishment
of
death.
—प्राण-दयित,
अस्,
आ,
अम्,
dear
as
life
(
अस्
),
m.
a
husband.
—प्राण-दातृ,
ता,
त्री,
तृ,
a
life-giver,
one
who
saves
another's
life.
—प्राण-
दान,
अम्,
n.
the
gift
of
life,
saving
any
one's
life
resigning
or
laying
down
life
anointing
the
Havis
with
Ghṛta
during
the
recitation
of
sacred
texts
supposed
to
restore
life
(
Ved.
).
—प्राण-दावत्,
आन्,
m.,
Ved.
life-giving,
conferring
life.
—प्राण-
दुरोदर,
अम्,
n.
playing
or
gambling
for
life,
staking
life.
—प्राण-द्यूत,
अम्,
n.
staking
life
or
existence,
a
battle
for
life,
fighting
for
life.
—प्राण-
द्यूताभिदेवन
(
°त-अभ्°
),
अस्,
आ,
अम्,
played
or
fought
with
life
as
a
stake
(
said
of
a
battle
in
which
life
is
as
it
were
gambled
with
or
staked,
see
Mahā-
bh.
Śalya-p.
760
).
—प्राण-द्रोह,
अस्,
m.
an
attack
or
attempt
upon
(
any
one's
)
life.
—प्राण-धर,
अस्,
m.,
N.
of
a
man.
—प्राण-धार,
अस्,
आ,
अम्,
possessing
life,
living,
animate
(
अस्
),
m.
a
living
being.
—प्राण-धारण,
अम्,
n.
the
support
or
maintenance
of
life,
prolongation
of
life,
suste-
nance
a
means
of
supporting
life
retaining
life,
vitality.
—प्राण-धृक्,
क्,
क्,
Ved.
sustaining
the
breath,
prolonging
the
act
of
inhaling
the
breath
[
cf.
धृक्,
p.
459,
col.
1.
]
—प्राण-नाथ,
अस्,
m.
‘lord
of
life,
’
a
husband,
lover
an
epithet
of
Yama
N.
of
a
heresiarch
who
held
a
controversy
with
Śaṅkara
at
Pra-yāga.
—प्राण-नाश,
अस्,
m.
de-
struction
or
cessation
of
breath.
—प्राण-निग्रह,
अस्,
m.
checking
or
obstructing
the
breath.
—प्राण-
पत,
अस्,
ई,
अम्
(
fr.
प्राण-पति
),
see
Gaṇa
to
Pāṇ.
IV.
1,
84.
—प्राण-पति,
इस्,
m.
‘lord
of
life,
’
the
soul
a
husband
the
heart
(
?
).
—प्राण-पत्नी,
f.
‘wife
of
the
vital
breath,
’
the
voice.
—प्राण-परि-
क्रय,
अस्,
m.
the
price
of
life,
staking
one's
life
or
existence.
—प्राण-परिक्षीण,
अस्,
आ,
अम्,
one
whose
life
is
drawing
to
a
close.
—प्राण-परि-
ग्रह,
अस्,
m.
possession
of
breath
or
life,
life,
existence.
—प्राण-परित्याग,
अस्,
m.
abandoning
or
resigning
life.
—प्राण-परीप्सा,
f.
desire
of
sav-
ing
life,
wish
to
escape.
—प्राण-पा,
आस्,
आस्,
अम्,
Ved.
life-protecting,
preserving
life.
—प्राण-प्रद,
अस्,
आ,
अम्,
life-bestowing,
restoring
life,
saving
life
(
आ
),
f.
a
species
of
medicinal
plant
(
=
ऋद्धि
)।
—प्राण-प्रदायक,
अस्,
इका,
अम्,
or
प्राण-
प्रदायिन्,
ई,
इनी,
इ,
life-bestowing,
restoring
life,
saving
life.
—प्राण-प्रयाण,
अम्,
n.
departure
of
the
breath
of
life,
end
of
life.
—प्राण-प्रिय,
अस्,
आ,
अम्,
dear
as
life
(
अस्
),
m.
a
lover.
—प्राण-बाध,
अस्,
m.
danger
to
life,
fear
for
life,
extreme
peril.
—प्रा-
ण-बुद्धि,
इस्,
f.
sing.
(
?
),
life
and
intelligence.
—प्राण-भक्ष,
अस्,
आ,
अम्,
‘breath-eating,
’
‘air-eating,
’
inhaling
merely
the
odour
of
food
or
drink.
—प्राण-भय,
अम्,
n.
fear
for
one's
life,
danger
to
life.
—प्राण-भास्वत्,
वान्,
m.
the
ocean
(
‘the
light
of
life?’
).
—प्राण-भूत,
अस्,
आ,
अम्,
being
the
breath
of
life.
—प्राण-भृत्,
त्,
त्,
त्,
supporting
life
(
Ved.
)
containing
life,
possessed
of
life,
living,
sentient
(
त्
),
m.
a
living
being,
a
man
an
epithet
of
particular
bricks
used
in
the
erection
of
an
altar.
—प्राण-मय,
अस्,
ई,
अम्,
Ved.
consisting
of
breath,
endowed
with
breath
or
life,
living,
breathing.
—प्राणमय-कोष,
अस्,
m.
one
of
the
cases
or
investitures
of
the
soul,
the
vital
case.
—प्राण-मोक्षण,
अम्,
n.
giving
up
the
ghost,
resigning
life,
suicide.
—प्राण-यम,
अस्,
m.
sus-
pending
the
breath
(
=
प्राणायाम
).
—प्राण-यात्रा,
f.
support
of
life,
subsistence.
—प्राणयात्रिक,
अस्,
आ,
अम्,
necessary
for
the
support
of
life.
—प्राणयात्रिक-
मात्र,
अस्,
ई,
अम्,
possessing
only
the
necessaries
of
life.
—प्राण-योनि,
इस्,
f.
the
source
or
spring
of
life.
—प्राण-रक्षणार्थम्
(
°ण-अर्°
),
ind.
for
the
preservation
of
life.
—प्राण-रक्षा,
f.
protec-
tion
or
preservation
of
life.
—प्राण-रन्ध्र,
अम्,
n.
‘breath-aperture,
’
the
mouth
nostril.
—प्राण-
रोध,
अस्,
m.
checking
or
suppressing
the
breath
danger
to
life
N.
of
a
particular
hell.
—प्राण-वत्,
आन्,
अती,
अत्,
having
breath
or
life,
breathing,
living,
animated
possessing
power,
strong,
powerful.
—प्रा-
ण-विद्या,
f.
the
science
of
the
breath
or
vital
airs.
—प्राण-विनाश,
अस्,
m.
destruction
or
loss
of
life.
—प्राण-विप्लव,
अस्,
आ,
अम्,
depriving
of
life.
—प्राण-वियोग,
अस्,
m.
‘the
separation
of
breath
or
life,
’
the
departure
of
the
spirit
at
the
hour
of
dissolution,
death.
—प्राण-वृत्ति,
इस्,
f.
living,
acti-
vity,
vital
function.
—प्राण-व्यय,
अस्,
m.
‘expen-
diture
of
life,
’
giving
up
the
ghost,
death.
—प्राण-
शक्ति,
इस्,
f.
a
particular
Śakti
of
Viṣṇu.
—प्राण-
शरीर,
अस्,
आ,
अम्,
Ved.
whose
(
only
)
body
is
the
breath
of
life
or
spirit.
—प्राण-संयम,
अस्,
m.
checking
or
suspending
the
breath
(
as
a
religious
exercise
).
—प्राण-संरोध,
अस्,
m.
checking
or
obstructing
the
breath.
—प्राण-संवाद,
अस्,
m.
a
controversy
between
the
vital
airs,
dispute
between
the
organs
of
sense
(
an
imaginary
contest
or
con-
troversy
between
the
senses
supposed
to
be
disputing
for
precedence
).
—प्राण-संशय,
अस्,
m.
danger
to
life.
—प्राण-संहिता,
f.
a
manner
of
reciting
the
Vedic
texts,
pronouncing
as
many
letters
as
possible
during
one
breath.
—प्राण-सङ्कट,
अम्,
n.
danger
to
life,
great
peril.
—प्राण-सद्मन्,
अ,
n.
the
abode
of
the
vital
airs,
the
body.
—प्राण-
सन्त्याग,
अस्,
m.
abandoning
or
resigning
life.
—प्राण-सन्देह,
अस्,
m.
danger
to
life,
risk
of
life,
great
peril.
—प्राण-सन्न्यास,
अस्,
m.
giving
up
the
ghost,
dying.
—प्राण-सम,
अस्,
आ,
अम्,
equal
to
or
as
dear
as
life
(
अस्
),
m.
a
lover,
a
husband
(
आ
),
f.
a
wife.
—प्राण-सम्भृत,
अस्,
m.
wind,
air
(
perhaps
a
wrong
form
for
प्राण-सम्-
भूत।
)
—प्राण-सम्मित,
अस्,
आ,
अम्,
Ved.
reaching
to
the
nose
dear
as
life.
—प्राण-सार,
अस्,
आ,
अम्,
whose
whole
essence
consists
of
life,
spirited,
full
of
strength,
vigorous.
—प्राण-सूत्र,
अम्,
n.
the
thread
of
life.
—प्राण-हर,
अस्,
ई,
अम्,
taking
away
life,
threatening
life,
causing
death,
destructive.
—प्राण-
हारक,
अस्,
इका,
अम्,
taking
away
life,
causing
death
(
अम्
),
n.
a
kind
of
poison
(
=
वत्स-नाभ
)।
—प्राण-हारिन्,
ई,
इणी,
इ,
taking
away
life,
causing
death,
mortal,
deadly.
—प्राणाकर्षिन्
(
°ण-आक्°
),
ई,
इणी,
इ,
attracting
the
vital
spirit.
—प्राणाग्निहोत्र
(
°ण-अग्°
),
अस्
or
अम्,
m.
or
n.
(
?
),
N.
of
an
Upaniṣad.
—प्राणाघात
(
°ण-आघ्°
),
अस्,
m.
destruction
of
life,
killing
a
living
being.
—प्राणाचार्य
(
°ण-आच्°
),
अस्,
m.
a
physician
to
a
king.
—प्राणातिपात
(
°ण-
अत्°
),
अस्,
m.
an
attack
upon
life,
taking
away
life,
kill-
ing
a
living
being.
—प्राणात्मन्
(
°ण-आत्°
),
आ,
m.
the
vital
or
animal
soul,
the
lowest
of
the
three
souls
of
a
human
being
(
the
other
two
are
called
जीवात्मन्
and
परमात्मन्,
q.
q.
v.
v.
).
—प्राणात्यय
(
°ण-
अत्°
),
अस्,
m.
the
passing
away
of
life
(
ए
),
ind.
at
a
time
when
life
is
in
danger
of
ceasing.
—प्राणाद
(
°ण-आद
),
अस्,
आ,
अम्,
‘eating
away
life,
’
causing
death,
fatal.
—प्राणाधिक
(
°ण-अध्°
),
अस्,
आ,
अम्,
‘more
than
life,
’
dearer
than
life
superior
in
vigour.
—प्राणाधिनाथ
(
°ण-अध्°
),
अस्,
m.
‘lord
of
life,
’
a
husband.
—प्राणाधिप
(
°ण-अध्°
),
अस्,
m.
‘ruler
of
the
breath
of
life,
’
the
soul.
—प्राणान्त
(
°ण-
अन्°
),
अस्
or
अम्,
m.
or
n.
(
?
),
the
end
of
life,
death
प्राणान्तं
दण्डम्
अर्हति,
he
deserves
death
as
a
punishment,
i.
e.
he
deserves
the
punishment
of
death.
—प्राणान्तिक,
अस्,
ई,
अम्,
destructive
to
life,
fatal,
mortal,
capital
(
as
punishment
)
dangerous
last-
ing
to
the
end
of
life,
ending
with
life
(
अम्
),
n.
murder,
assassination
(
अम्
),
ind.
until
death.
—प्राणाप-
हारिन्
(
°ण-अप्°
),
ई,
इणी,
इ,
taking
away
life,
fatal,
deadly.
—प्राणापान
(
°ण-अप्°
),
औ,
m.
du.
two
of
the
vital
airs,
air
inhaled
and
exhaled
Inspiration
and
Expiration
personified
and
identified
with
the
Aśvins.
—प्राणाबाध
(
°ण-आब्°
),
अस्,
m.
injury
or
danger
to
life,
any
act
injurious
to
life.
—१।
प्राणायन
(
°ण-अय्°
),
अम्,
n.
an
organ
of
sense.
—प्राणायाम
(
°ण-आय्°
),
अस्,
m.
restraining
or
suspending
the
breath
or
breathing
in
a
peculiar
way
through
the
nostrils
during
the
mental
recitation
of
the
names
or
attributes
of
some
deity,
(
it
is
differently
performed,
cf.
पूरक,
कुम्भक,
रेचक।
)
—प्राणायामिन्
(
°ण-आय्°
),
ई,
इनी,
इ,
checking
or
suppressing
the
breath.
—प्राणार्थ-वत्
(
°ण-अर्°
),
आन्,
अती,
अत्,
possessed
of
life
and
riches.
—प्राणेश
(
°ण-ईश
),
अस्,
m.
‘lord
of
life,
’
a
lover,
husband
‘lord
of
breath,
’
N.
of
a
Marut
(
आ
),
f.
a
wife.
—प्राणेश्-
वर
(
°ण-ईश्°
),
अस्,
m.
‘lord
of
(
my
)
life,
’
a
hus-
band,
lover
a
particular
formula
(
ई
),
f.
a
wife.
—प्राणोत्क्रमण
(
°ण-उत्°
),
अम्,
n.
the
departure
of
the
spirit,
flight
of
the
soul,
death.
—प्राणोत्-
सर्ग
(
°ण-उत्°
),
अस्,
m.
giving
up
the
ghost,
dying.
—प्राणोपहार
(
°ण-उप्°
),
अस्,
m.
food
(
regarded
as
an
oblation
to
life
).
प्राण
pra‿aṇá,
Masculine.
breath
vital
spirit
(
Plural
🞄life
)
vital
air
(
five
are
generally
assumed
🞄but
three,
six,
seven,
nine,
and
even
ten
are
🞄also
spoken
of
)
sp.
inhaled
air
breath
of
🞄air,
wind
breath
as
a
measure
of
time
🞄(
requisite
for
pronouncing
ten
long
syllables
)
🞄vigour,
energy,
power
soul
(
in
the
🞄Sāṃkhya
phil.
)
intelligence
associated
with
🞄totality
(
Vedānta
)
sign
of
vitality
(
Plural
)
🞄organ
of
sense
(
mouth,
nose,
eyes,
and
ears:
🞄pl.
)
N.
—°,
Adjective.
=
loving
—
as
dearly
as
life,
🞄or
having
oneʼs
life
dependent
on
—:
-kara,
Adjective.
🞄invigorating
-karman,
Neuter.
vital
function
🞄-kṛcchra,
Neuter.
danger
to
life
-ghna,
Adjective.
life-destroying,
🞄deadly
-chid,
Adjective.
cutting
life
🞄short,
fatal
-ccheda,
Masculine.
destruction
of
life,
🞄murder
-tyāga,
Masculine.
abandonment
of
life,
🞄suicide
death.
प्राण
प्राण,
i.
e.
प्र-अन्
+
अ,
Masculine.
1.
Breath,
Vikr.
d.
1.
2.
Air,
wind.
3.
A
vital
organ,
Man.
4,
143.
4.
One
of
the
five
vital
airs,
Vedāntas.
in
Chr.
207,
9.
5.
The
Supreme
Spirit,
ib.
208,
3.
6.
A
name
of
Brahman.
7.
pl.
Life,
Hit.
i.
d.
11,
M.M.
--
Compound
अति-प्राण
+
म्,
adv.
more
than
life,
Pañc.
220,
24.
कृच्छ्र-,
Adjective.
supporting
life
with
difficulty,
Rām.
4,
9,
30.
गत-,
Adjective.
dead.
निष्प्र्°,
i.
e.
निस्-,
Adjective.
1.
dead.
2.
exhausted.
पति-,
Adjective.
,
Feminine.
णा,
living
in,
or
for,
one's
husband,
Pañc.
iii.
d.
151.
महा-,
Masculine.
a
raven.
यष्टि-,
Adjective.
out
of
breath,
Johns.
Sel.
21,
105.
--
Cf.
probably
ϕρήν,
ϕρένες,
ϕρόνιμος,
ϕρόντις,
ϕρονέω.
आत्मा
प्राण
पदविभागः
पुल्लिङ्गः
कन्नडार्थः
ಬ್ರಹ್ಮ
/ಚರುರ್ಮುಖ
निष्पत्तिः
प्र
+
अन
(
प्राणने
)
-
"अच्"
(
३-१-१३४
)
व्युत्पत्तिः
प्राणिति
चिरकालं
जीवति
विस्तारः
"कञ्जः
प्राणश्च
वेदीशवेदगर्भपुराणगाः"
-
त्रिकाण्ड०
प्राण
पदविभागः
पुल्लिङ्गः
कन्नडार्थः
ಶರೀರದೊಳಗಿರುವ
ಪಂಚವಾಯುಗಳಲ್ಲೊಂದು
निष्पत्तिः
प्र
+
अन
(
प्राणने
)
-
कर०
"घञ्"
(
३-३-१२१
)
व्युत्पत्तिः
प्राणित्यनेन
विस्तारः
ಈ
ಪ್ರಾಣವಾಯುವು
ಹೃದಯದಲ್ಲಿರುವುದು
"हृदि
प्राणो
गुदे
पानः
समानो
नाभिसंस्थितः"
-
अम०
प्राण
पदविभागः
पुल्लिङ्गः
कन्नडार्थः
ಶರೀರದೊಳಗಿರುವ
ಪಂಚ
ವಾಯುಗಳು
विस्तारः
प्राणः,
अपानः,
समानः,
उदानः,
व्यानः
ಇವು
ಪಂಚವಾಯುಗಳು.
प्राण
पदविभागः
पुल्लिङ्गः
कन्नडार्थः
ಬಾಣಂತಿ
ಬೋಳ
प्राण
पदविभागः
पुल्लिङ्गः
कन्नडार्थः
ಕಾವ್ಯದ
ಜೀವ
/ಕಾವ್ಯದ
ಮುಖ್ಯವಾದ
ಸಾರ
प्राण
पदविभागः
पुल्लिङ्गः
कन्नडार्थः
ಬಲ
/ಸಾರ
/ಶಕ್ತಿ
प्राण
पदविभागः
पुल्लिङ्गः
कन्नडार्थः
ವಾಯು
/ಗಾಳಿ
प्राण
पदविभागः
पुल्लिङ्गः
कन्नडार्थः
ಬಹಳ
ಪ್ರಿಯವಾದ
ವಸ್ತು
ಅಥವಾ
ಪ್ರೀತಿಪಾತ್ರನಾದ
ಮನುಷ್ಯ
प्रयोगाः
"अर्थाः
बहिश्चराः
प्राणाः"
प्राण
पदविभागः
पुल्लिङ्गः
कन्नडार्थः
ಜ್ಞಾನೇಂದ್ರಿಯ
ಮತ್ತು
ಕರ್ಮೇಂದ್ರಿಯಗಳು
प्रयोगाः
"स्पृष्ट्वैतान्
अशुचिर्नित्यमद्भिः
प्राणानुपस्पृशेत्
।
गात्राणि
चैव
सर्वाणि
नाभिं
पाणितलेन
तु
॥"
उल्लेखाः
मनु०
४-१४३
प्राण
पदविभागः
विशेष्यनिघ्नम्
कन्नडार्थः
ತುಂಬಲ್ಪಟ್ಟ
विस्तारः
"प्राणो
हृन्मारुते
बोले
काव्यजीवेऽनिले
बले
।
पुंलिङ्गः
पूरिते
वाच्यलिङ्गः
पुम्भूम्नि
चासुषु
॥"
-
मेदि०
Prāṇa^1
(
“breath”
).
§
116
(
Vasu,
pl.
):
I,
66,
2586
(
son
of
Varcas
(
or
of
Varcasvin,
BR.
)
and
Manoharā
).
§
270
(
Brahmasabhāv.
):
II,
11,
443
(
in
the
palace
of
Brahmán
).
Prāṇa^2
(
do.
),
name
of
fires.
§
491
(
Āṅgirasa
):
III,
220,
14156
(
Prāṇaḥ
Prāṇaputrakaḥ
),
14165
(
father
of
Anudātta
).
*Prāṇa^3,
one
of
the
five
vital
breaths.
§
485
(
Pativratop.
):
III,
213,
13961,
13962,
13964,
13970,
13972,
13976
(
the
whole
exposition
is
nearly
identical
with
§
660c
).--§
560
(
Sanatsujātap.
):
V,
46,
1757,
1760.--§
579
(
Bhagavadgītāp.
):
VI,
29,
1062
(
prāṇāpānav
).--§
595
(
Shoḍaśarāj.,
v.
Rāma
Dāśarathi
):
VII,
59,
2237
(
prāṇāpānasamānāḥ
).-
§
603
(
Nārāyaṇāstramokshap.
):
VII,
202,
9630.--§
660b
(
Bhṛgu-Bharadvājasaṃv.
):
XII,
184,
6844
(
ºāt
praṇīyate
prāṇī
),
189,
6965.--§
660c
(
do.
):
The
wind
or
breath
called
Prāṇa
residing
within
the
head,
and
the
heat
that
is
there,
cause
all
kinds
of
exertion.
That
Prāṇa
is
the
living
creature,
the
universal
soul,
the
eternal
Being,
and
the
Mind,
Intellect,
and
Consciousness
of
all
living
creatures,
etc.
Thus
the
living
being
is,
in
every
respect,
caused
by
Prāṇa
to
move
about
and
exert…That
heat,
residing
between
Apāna
and
Prāṇa,
in
the
region
of
the
navel,
operates,
with
the
aid
of
those
two
breaths,
in
digesting
all
food
that
is
taken
by
a
living
creature.
There
is
a
duct
beginning
from
the
mouth
down
to
the
anal
canal.
Its
extremity
is
called
the
anus.
From
this
main
duct
(
srotas
)
numerous
subsidiary
ones
branch
out
in
the
bodies
of
all
living
creatures.
In
consequence
of
the
rush
of
the
several
breaths
(
Prāṇa,
Samāna,
etc.
)
those
breaths
mingle
together.
The
heat
(
agniḥ
)
[
that
dwells
in
Prāṇa,
PCR.
]
is
called
Ūshman.
It
is
this
heat
that
causes
digestion…The
breath
called
Prāṇa,
the
bearer
of
a
current
of
heat,
descends
[
from
the
head,
PCR.
]
downwards
to
the
extremity
of
the
anal
canal
and
thence
is
pushed
upwards
again.
Coming
back
to
its
seat
in
the
head
it
once
more
sends
back
the
heat
it
bears.
Below
the
navel
is
the
region
of
digested
matter,
and
above
it
that
for
the
food
not
yet
digested.
The
navel
is
the
depositary
of
all
the
forces
of
life,
which
sustain
the
body.
Urged
by
the
ten
kinds
of
breaths
the
ducts
(
nāḍyaḥ
),
branching
out
from
the
heart,
convey
the
liquid
juices
that
food
yields
upwards,
downwards,
and
in
transverse
directions.
The
main
duct
leading
from
the
mouth
to
the
anus
is
the
path
by
which
yogins
succeed
in
attaining
to
Bráhman
by
holding
the
soul
within
the
brain.
Even
thus
heat
is
planted
in
the
breaths
called
Prāṇa
and
Apāna
of
all
embodied
creatures.
That
heat
is
always
burning
there
like
fire
in
any
vessel:
XII,
185,
6868,
6870,
6878,
6882.--§
662b
(
Jāpakop.
):
XII,
200,
7346.--§
667
(
Mokshadh.
):
XII,
213,
7758.--§
668
(
Pañcaśikha-v.
):
XII,
219,
7939
(
prāṇāpānau
).--§
677
(
Mokshadh.
):
XII,
240,
8740
(
do.
)
253,
9091
(
do.
).--§
695b
(
Dakshayajñavināśa
):
XII,
285,
10337
(
do.
).--§
704
(
Mokshadh.
):
XII,
302,
11124.-§
714g
(
Samāna
):
XII,
329,
12397
(
son
of
Apāna
),
12398,
12399.--§
782b
(
Brāhmaṇagītā
):
XIV,
20,
612,
613,
614
21,
646,
647,
653
23,
685,
687,
(
691
),
692,
693,
694,
696,
697,
699,
705
(
the
contention
of
the
vital
breaths
about
superiority
)
24,
712,
716,
719,
722
25,
742
28,
789.
--§
782g
(
Guruśishyasaṃv.
):
XIV,
42,
1109.
Prāṇa^4
=
Śiva
(
1000
names^1
).--Do.^2
=
Vishṇu
(
1000
names
).
*prāṇa,
pl.
(
āḥ
)
(
“vital
breaths”
):
III,
13969,
13971,
13973,
13974
(
10(
!
)
in
number
)
XII,
6877,
6879,
6880
(
10(
!
)
in
number
),
12413.
Prāṇa,
properly
denoting
‘breath,
’
is
a
term
of
wide
and
vague
significance
in
Vedic
literature.
It
is
frequently
men-
tioned
from
the
Rigveda^1
onwards
in
the
Āraṇyakas
and
Upaniṣads
it
is
one
of
the
commonest
symbols
of
the
unity
of
the
universe.^2
In
the
narrow
sense
Prāṇa
denotes
one
of
the
vital
airs,
of
which
five
are
usually^3
enumerated
—
Prāṇa,
Apāna,
Vyāna,
Udāna,
and
Samāna
but
often
only
two,
Prāṇa
and
Apāna,
^4
or
Prāṇa
and
Vyāna,
^5
or
Prāṇa
and
Udāna
^6
or
three,
Prāṇa,
Apāna,
and
Vyāna,
^7
or
Prāṇa,
Udāna,
and
Vyāna,
^8
or
Prāṇa,
Udāna,
and
Samāna
^9
or
four,
Prāṇa,
Apāna,
Vyāna,
and
Samāna,
^10
or
Prāṇa,
Apāna,
Udāna,
Vyāna.^11
The
exact
sense
of
each
of
these
breaths
when
all
are
mentioned
cannot
be
determined.^12
1
)
i.
66,
1
x.
59,
6
90,
13,
etc.
2
)
Deussen,
Philosophy
of
the
Upani-
shads,
89
et
seq.
3
)
See
Udāna,
n.
1.
4
)
Av.
ii.
28,
3
v.
4,
7
(
Paipp.
)
vii.
53,
4
(
in
vii.
53,
3,
Apāna,
Prāṇa
)
Taittirīya
Saṃhitā,
iii.
4,
1,
4,
etc.
5
)
Av.
v,
4,
7
vi.
41,
2,
etc.
6
)
See
Udāna,
n.
3.
7
)
Av.
xiii.
2,
46
Maitrāyaṇī
Saṃ-
hitā,
iv.
5,
6,
9
Vājasaneyi
Saṃhitā,
xxii.
23
Aitareya
Brāhmaṇa,
ii.
29
Kauṣītaki
Brāhmaṇa,
vi.
10
Śāṅkh-
āyana
Āraṇyaka,
viii.
8
Taittirīya
Upaniṣad,
ii.
2,
etc.
8
)
See
Udāna,
n.
2.
9
)
Ibid.
10
)
Av.
x.
2,
13.
11
)
Bṛhadāraṇyaka
Upaniṣad
iii.
4,
1.
12
)
Cf.
Deussen,
Philosophy
of
the
Upanishads,
273
et
seq.
Prāṇa
is
also
used
in
a
wider
sense
to
denote
the
organs
of
sense,
^13
or
as
Sāyaṇa^14
puts
it,
the
‘orifices
of
the
head,
’
etc.
These
are
given
as
six
in
one
passage
of
the
Śatapatha
Brāhmaṇa,
^15
presumably
the
eyes,
ears,
and
nostrils.
More
frequently
there
are
stated
to
be
seven
in
the
head,
the
mouth
being
then
included.^16
Sometimes
again
they
are
mentioned
as
nine,
^17
or
as
seven
in
the
head
and
two
below.^18
Ten
are
counted
in
the
Śatapatha
Brāhmaṇa^19
and
the
Jaiminīya
Brāhmaṇa,
^20
while
even
eleven
are
mentioned
in
the
Kāṭhaka
Upaniṣad,
^21
and
twelve
in
the
Kāṭhaka
Saṃhitā,
^22
where
the
two
breasts
are
added.
Exactly
what
organs
are
taken
to
make
up
the
numbers
beyond
seven
is
not
certain.^23
The
tenth
is
the
navel
(
nābhi
)
in
the
Maitrāyaṇī
Saṃhitā
^24
when
eleven
are
named
the
Brahma-randhra^25
(
suture
in
the
crown
)
may
be
included
in
the
Atharvaveda,
^26
as
interpreted
by
the
Bṛhad-
āraṇyaka
Upaniṣad,
^27
the
seventh
and
eighth
are
the
organs
of
taste
and
speech
respectively.
But
usually
these
make
one
only,
and
the
eighth
and
ninth
are
either
in
the
breast^28
or
below
(
the
organs
of
evacuation
).^29
The
word
Prāṇa
has
sometimes
merely
the
general
sense
of
breath,
even
when
opposed
to
Apāna.^30
But
its
proper
sense
is
beyond
question
‘breathing
forth,
’
‘expiration,
’
and
not
as
the
St.
Petersburg
Dictionary
explains
it,
‘the
breath
inspired,
’
a
version
due
to
the
desire
to
interpret
Apāna
as
‘expiration,
’
a
meaning
suggested
by
the
preposition
apa,
‘away.’
This
being
clearly
shown
both
by
the
native
scholiasts^31
and
by
other
evidence,
^32
Böhtlingk^33
later
accepted
the
new
view.
13
)
Colebrooke,
Miscellaneous
Essays,
1,
339,
355
St.
Petersburg
Dictionary,
s.v.
1.
14
)
On
Aitareya
Āraṇyaka,
i.
3,
7.
15
)
xiv.
1.
3,
32
4,
1.
16
)
Av.
ii.
12,
7
Aitareya
Brāhmaṇa,
i.
17
iii.
3
Śatapatha
Brāhmaṇa,
iii.
1,
3,
21
vi.
4,
2,
5
xiii.
1,
7,
2
Jaiminīya
Upaniṣad
Brāhmaṇa,
ii.
5,
9,
10
6,
8,
etc.
17
)
Taittirīya
Saṃhitā,
iii.
5,
10,
2
Taittirīya
Brāhmaṇa,
iii.
1,
7,
4
Śata-
patha
Brāhmaṇa,
i.
5,
2,
5
Pañca-
viṃśa
Brāhmaṇa,
xxii.
12,
5
Aitareya
Āraṇyaka,
i.
4,
1
Śāṅkhāyana
Āraṇ-
yaka,
ii.
2
Av.
v.
28,
1
x.
8,
43
(
navadvāram
),
etc.
18
)
Jaiminīya
Upaniṣad
Brāhmaṇa,
ii.
5,
9,
10
6,
8.
19
)
xi.
6,
3,
17,
where
the
eleventh
is
given
as
the
Ātman.
20
)
ii.
77
(
Journal
of
the
American
Oriental
Society,
15,
240
).
21
)
v.
1.
22
)
xxxiii.
3.
23
)
Cf.
Deussen,
op.
cit.,
269
Keith,
Aitareya
Āraṇyaha,
185,
187.
24
)
iv.
6,
1
Kāṭhaka
Saṃhitā,
ix.
16.
25
)
Aitareya
Upaniṣad,
i.
3.
26
)
x.
8,
9.
27
)
ii.
2,
3,
4.
28
)
Kāṭhaka
Saṃhitā,
xxxiii.
3.
29
)
Jaiminīya
Upaniṣad
Brāhmaṇa,
ii.
5,
9,
10
6,
8.
30
)
Av.
v.
4,
7
(
Paippalāda
)
.
See
Blloomfield,
Hymns
of
the
Atharvaveda,
552.
31
)
Rudradatta
on
Āpastamba
Śrauta
Sūtra,
xii.
8,
8
xiv.
11,
1
Sāyaṇa
on
Śatapatha
Brāhmaṇa,
i.
1,
3,
2
Tait-
tirīya
Brāhmaṇa,
ii.
5,
6,
4
Śaṅkara
on
Chāndogya
Upaniṣad,
i.
3,
2
Ānartīya
on
Śāṅkhāyana
Śrauta
Sūtra,
vi.
8,
1,
2,
etc.
32
)
Śatapatha
Brāhmaṇa,
ii.
2,
2,
15,
as
compared
with
Kātyāyana
Śrauta
Sūtra,
iv.
8,
29
Bṛhadāraṇyaka
Upani-
ṣad,
iii.
2,
2
Jaiminīya
Upaniṣad
Brāhmaṇa,
i.
60,
5
ii.
1,
16.
19
Aitareya
Āraṇyaka,
v.
1,
4.
See
Caland,
Zeitschrift
der
Deutschen
Morgenländischen
Gesellschaft,
55,
261-265
56,
556-558
and
Apāna.
33
)
Zeitschrift,
55,
518.
प्राण
प्राण
masculine
(
प्र
अन्
)
respiration
l'air
aspiré,
un
des
5
souffles
vitaux
[
les
autres
sont
अपान,
उदान,
व्यान
et
समान
]
le
souffle,
la
vie
le
souffle
du
vent
au
fig.
inspiration
poétique,
haleine
force,
pouvoir.
Myrrhe.
Brahmā.
--
Au
pl.
les
5
esprits
vitaux,
la
vie.
Gr.
φρὴν.
प्राणक
masculine
animal.
Etoffe,
vêtement.
Celtis
orientalis
bot.
प्राणकर्मन्
neuter
fonction
vitale.
प्राणथ
masculine
(
sfx.
थ
)
vent.
Homme
fort
ou
puissant.
प्राणद
a.
(
दा
)
qui
donne
la
vie.
--
S.
neuter
eau
sang.
प्राणन
neuter
(
sfx.
अन
ou
नी
)
gosier
respiration,
vie.
La
syllabe
ॐ।
प्राणनाथ
masculine
mari.
प्राणन्त
masculine
vent.
Sorte
de
collyre.
--
F.
प्राणन्ती
éternuement
hoquet.
प्राणपति
masculine
le
cœur
[
maître
de
la
vie
].
प्राणप्रदा
feminine
esp.
de
plante
médicinale,
cf.
सिद्धि।
प्राणभास्वत्
masculine
l'océan.
प्राणभृत्
a.
(
भृ
)
vivant.
प्राणयामि
(
c.
de
अन्
ou
den.
de
प्राण
)
rendre
la
vie,
ressusciter.
प्राणसद्मन्
neuter
(
सद्
)
le
corps.
प्राणसमा
feminine
femme,
épouse.
प्राणसंयम
masculine
(
सम्
यम्
)
exercice
religieux
qui
consiste
à
retenir
son
haleine.
प्राणाधिनाथ
masculine
(
अधि
नाथ
)
mari.
प्राणायाम
masculine
(
आ
यम्
)
exercice
pieux
qui
consiste
à
fermer
avec
le
pouce
une
des
deux
narines
et
à
respirer
par
l'autre
[
soit
seule,
soit
par
les
deux
alternativement
].
प्राणिद्यूत
neuter
(
दिव्
)
combat
de
coqs,
de
béliers
ou
d'autres
animaux.
प्राणिन्
a.
qui
respire,
qui
vit.
--
S.
masculine
animal,
être
vivant.
प्राणिमि
(
प्र
अन्
)
respirer
aspirer,
flairer
vivre.
प्राणेश
masculine
(
ईश
)
mari
[
par
qui
la
femme
respire
].
प्राण-
Masculine.
souffle,
respiration,
souffle
vital
(
ord.
au
nombre
de
5
),
principe
vital
Plural
ensemble
des
souffles
vitaux
vie
(
-आन्
मुच्-
abandonner
la
vie
)
organe
des
sens
toute
personne
ou
chose
aussi
chère
que
la
vie
(
ord.
ifc.
)
vigueur,
énergie,
pouvoir
-मय-
a.
qui
consiste
dans
le
souffle,
etc.
-वन्त्-
a.
vivant,
existant.
°कर्मन्-
nt.
fonction
vitale.
°कृच्छ्र-
nt.
danger
de
mort.
°च्छेद-
Masculine.
meurtre
°च्छेद-कर-
ag.
meurtrier.
°त्याग-
Masculine.
abandon
de
la
vie,
suicide,
mort.
°त्राण-
nt.
fait
de
sauver
la
vie.
°द-
ag.
qui
donne
ou
sauve
la
vie.
°दक्षिणा-
Feminine.
don
de
la
vie.
°दयित-
Masculine.
mari
(
aussi
cher
que
la
vie
).
°दातृ-
ag.
qui
sauve
la
vie.
°दान-
nt.
don
de
la
vie
renonciation
à
la
vie.
°दुरोदर-
nt.
fait
de
jouer
sa
vie.
°द्यूत-
nt.
jeu
ou
lutte
pour
la
vie.
°द्रोह-
Masculine.
menace
à
la
vie
(
d'un
autre
)
-इन्-
a.
ifc.
qui
menace
la
vie.
°धर-
Masculine.
Neuter.
d'un
homme.
°धारण-
nt.
subsistance,
fait
de
se
tenir
en
vie
moyens
de
vivre
-अं
कृ-
pourvoir
à
la
subsistance
de
qq'un
moy.
se
maintenir
en
vie,
s'alimenter.
°नाथ-
Masculine.
seigneur
de
la
vie,
bien-aimé.
°पति-
Masculine.
âme.
°परिक्षीण-
a.
dont
la
vie
touche
à
la
fin.
°परिग्रह-
Masculine.
fait
de
posséder
le
souffle,
d'être
en
vie.
°परित्याग-
Masculine.
abandon
de
la
vie,
suicide,
mort.
°प्रद-
°प्रदायक
-इका-
a.
qui
sauve
la
vie
d'un
autre
°प्रदायिन्-
a.
id.
°प्रेप्सु-
a.
qui
craint
pour
sa
vie,
qui
est
dans
une
terreur
mortelle.
°बन्धन-
a.
lié
au
souffle.
°बाध-
Masculine.
danger
de
mort.
°भय-
nt.
crainte
pour
la
vie.
°भाज्-
ag.
vivant
Masculine.
créature
vivante,
homme
°भृत्-
id.
°भूत-
a.
v.
qui
est
le
souffle
vital.
°मोक्षण-
nt.
=
°त्याग-।
°यात्रा-
Feminine.
subsistance
-इक-
a.
nécessaire
à
la
subsistance
-इक-मात्र-
a.
qui
ne
possède
que
ce
qui
est
nécessaire
pour
se
tenir
en
vie.
°रक्षण-
nt.
°रक्षा-
Feminine.
préservation
de
la
vie
°रक्षणार्थम्
°रक्षार्थम्
adv.
pour
préserver
sa
vie.
°रन्ध्र-
nt.
bouche,
narine.
°राज्य-द-
ag.
qui
a
sauvé
à
qq'un
la
vie
et
le
trône.
°रोध-
Masculine.
fait
de
retenir
le
souffle
Neuter.
d'un
enfer.
°वल्लभा-
Feminine.
femme,
maîtresse
(
aussi
chère
que
la
vie
).
°व्यय-
Masculine.
renonciation
à
la
vie,
sacrifice
de
la
vie.
°शरीर-
a.
n'ayant
pour
corps
que
la
vie
°शरीर-नेतृ-
ag.
qui
conduit
le
corps
de
la
vie.
°संशित-
a.
v.
qui
est
l'essence
de
la
vie.
°संकट-
nt.
danger
vital
°संदेह-
Masculine.
id.
°संन्यास-
Masculine.
fait
de
rendre
le
souffle.
°सम-
a.
aussi
cher
que
la
vie
-आ-
Feminine.
épouse
bien-aimée.
°सार-
a.
fort,
vigoureux.
°हर-
-ई-
a.
qui
ravit
ou
menace
la
vie
ifc.
dangereux
pour
capital
(
peine
)
-कैका-
-इन्-
id.
°हीन-
a.
v.
privé
de
vie,
mort.
प्राणाघात-
Masculine.
destruction
d'une
vie,
meurtre
प्राणातिपात-
id.
प्राणात्यय-
Masculine.
danger
vital.
प्राणाधिक-
a.
plus
cher
que
la
vie
plus
fort,
plus
vigoureux.
प्राणाधिप-
Masculine.
âme.
प्राणानुग-
a.
qui
suit
(
qq'un,
acc.
)
jusqu'à
la
mort.
प्राणान्त-
Masculine.
mort
a.
capital
(
peine
)
-इकई-
a.
qui
détruit
la
vie,
qui
apporte
la
mort,
fatal,
capital
(
peine
)
qui
dure
autant
que
la
vie
désespèré,
violent
(
amour,
désir
)
nt.
danger
de
mort.
प्राणापान-
Masculine.
du.
expiration
et
inspiration.
प्राणायन-
nt.
organe
des
sens.
प्राणार्थवन्त्-
a.
vivant
et
riche.
प्राणार्थिन्-
a.
désireux
de
vivre.
प्राणालाभ-
Masculine.
sacrifice
de
la
vie,
fait
de
s'immoler.
प्राणावरोध-
Masculine.
suppression
du
souffle.
प्राणेशा-
Feminine.
épouse,
bien-aimée.
प्राणेश्वर-
Masculine.
amant
mari.
प्राणोत्क्रान्ति-
Feminine.
प्राणोत्सर्ग-
Masculine.
fait
de
rendre
le
souffle,
mort.
प्राणोपहार-
Masculine.
nourriture.
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