प्र (pra)
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शब्दसागरः
Englishप्र Ind. A particle and prefix, implying.
1. Progressive motion, (forth,
forward, away, &c.)
2. Excess or excellence, (very, much, excee-
ding.)
3. Appearance, manifestation. It corresponds with the Latin
particles Pro and Præ, as in प्रकर्त्तुं To do much or well
प्रक्रमितुं To
go forth or over
प्रकर्षितुं To excel
प्रकाशितुं To display
प्रस्थातुं To
go forth, set out
प्रकमम् Very willingly
प्रमृगम् When the deer go
forth, (the time, &c.) See the following compounds.
प्रथ् to be
famous, &c. ड.
Capeller Eng
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Wilson
Englishप्र ind. A particle and prefix, implying,
1 Progressive motion, (forth, forward, away, &c.)
2 Excess or excellence, (very, much, exceeding.)
3 Appearance, manifestation. It corresponds with the Latin particles Pro
and Prœ, as in प्रकर्त्तुं To do much or well
प्रक्रमितुं To go
forth or over
प्रकर्षितुं To excel
प्रकाशितुं To display
प्रस्थातुं To go forth, set out
प्रकमम् Very willingly
प्रमृगभ्
When the deer go forth (the time, &c.) See the following compounds.
प्रथ to be famous, &c. ड.
Apte
Englishप्र [pra],
As a prefix to verbs it means 'forward', 'forth', 'in front', 'onward', 'before', 'away', as in प्रगम्, प्रस्था, प्रचर्, प्रया
With adjectives it means 'very', 'excessively', 'very much'
प्रकृष्ट, प्रमत्त , see further on.
With nouns whether derived from verbs or not, it is used in the following senses according to G. M.: (a) beginning, commencement
(प्रयाणम्, प्रस्थानम्, प्राह्ण)
(b) length (प्रवालभूषिक)
(c) power (प्रभु)
(d) intensity, excess (प्रवाद, प्रकर्ष, प्रच्छाय प्रगुण)
(e) source or origin (प्रभव, प्रपौत्र)
(f) completion, perfectness, satisfaction (प्रभुक्तमन्नम्)
(g) destitution, separation, being without (प्रोषिता, प्रपर्णवृक्षः)
(h) apart (प्रज्ञु)
(i) excellence (प्राचार्यः)
(j) purity (प्रसन्नं जलम्)
(k) wish (प्रार्थना)
(l) cessation (प्रशम)
(m) adoration, respect (प्राञ्जलिः who respectfully folds his hands together)
(n) prominence (प्रणस, प्रवाल). In the Veda it is en used as a separable adverb
प्र आदिकर्मदीर्घेशभृशसंभवतृप्तिवियोगशुद्धिशक्तीच्छाशान्तिपूजाग्रहर्शनेषु.
Apte 1890
Englishप्र ind. 1 As a prefix to verbs it means ‘forward’, ‘forth’, ‘in front’, ‘onward’, ‘before’, ‘away’, as in प्रगम्, प्रस्या, प्रचर्, प्रय &c.
2 With adjectives it means ‘very’, ‘excessively’, ‘very much’ &c: प्रकृष्ट, प्रमत्त &c., see further on.
3 With nouns whether derived from verbs or not, it is used in the following senses according to G. M.:
(a) beginning, commencement
(प्रमाणं, प्रस्थानं, प्रह्ण)
(b) length
( प्रवालभूषिक)
(c) power (प्रभु)
(d) intensity, excess
(प्रवाद, प्रकर्ष, प्रच्छाय, प्रगुण)
(e) source or origin
(प्रभव, प्रपौत्र)
(f) completion, perfectness, satisfaction (प्रभुक्तमन्नं)
(g) destitution, separation, being without
(प्रोषिता, प्रपर्णवृक्षः)
(h) apart
(प्रज्ञु)
(i) excellence
(प्राचार्यः): (j) purity (प्रसन्नं जलं)
(k) wish (प्रार्थना)
(l) cessation (प्रशम)
(m.) adoration, respect
(प्रांजलिः who respectfully folds his hands together)
(n.) prominence (प्रणस, प्रवाल). In the Veda it is often used as a separable adverb.
Monier Williams Cologne
Englishforward, in front, on, forth (mostly in connection with a verb, with a verb of motion which is often to be supplied
sometimes repeated before the verb viii, 1, 6
rarely as a separate word, e.g. ii, 40)
Monier Williams 1872
Englishप्र 1. प्र (as a preposition or prefix to
verbs and their derivative nouns, expressing) before,
forward, in advance, in front, onward, forth, away
(e. g. प्र-गम्, to go forward, proceed
प्र-स्था,
to set out
प्र-स्थान, going away, departure
प्र-क्रम्, to walk onwards, to begin, commence).
प्र is also used in the Veda as a separable adverb,
and the verb of motion is then sometimes to be
supplied, e. g. प्र चक्रियेव रोदसी मरुद्भ्यः,
heaven and earth (have been caused) by the Maruts
(to roll) onward like two wheels.
प्र is also compounded with nouns not imme-
diately connected with verbs in the sense of ‘forth, ’
‘away
’ and before adjectives in the sense of ‘pre-
eminently, ’ ‘excessively, ’ ‘very, ’ ‘much
’ [cf. प्र-
पौत्र।]
According to native lexicographers the senses in
which प्र may be used are expressed by the follow-
ing Sanskrit words, गति, आ-रम्भ, उत्-कर्ष,
सर्वतो-भाव, प्राथम्य, ख्याति, उत्-पत्ति, व्य्-
अवहार
[cf. प्र-तरम्, प्र-नप्तृ, प्रथम,
परा, पूर्व, प्रातर्: Zend fra-, frā, ‘before,
away:’ Gr. πρό, πρό-τερος, πρῶ-το-ς (Dor. πρᾶ-
το-ς), πρό-μο-ς, πρύ-τανι-ς (Æol. πρό-τανι-ς), πρίν
for προ-ιν, πρω-ΐ, πρῴην (Dor. πράν), πρόσσω,
πρό-σω, πόρ-σω, πόῥῥω: Lat. prō-d, prō, prŏ- in
prŏ-nepos, prœ for prai, prīmu-s for pro-imus,
pri-or, pris- = prius for pro-ios, pris-tinu-s, pris-
cu-s, pran-diu-m, porro, perhaps pru-īna for
provīna: Umbr. pru = pro
pre = prœ
perne,
‘in front
’ pernaio, ‘ancient
’ per, ‘for (?):’ Goth.
fru-ma, ‘first
’ frum-ist, ‘at first
’ fairra, ‘far:’
Old Germ. fur-iro, ‘former
’ furisto, ‘a prince
’
fruo, ‘early
’ fer, ‘far:’ Angl. Sax. form: Slav.
pra-, pro-, ‘before
’ prĭ-vy, ‘first:’ Lith. pra-,
‘before
’ pro, ‘through, for
’ pir-ma-s, ‘first
’
pirm, ‘before:’ Hib. fur, ‘for
’ foir, ‘before
’
perhaps fri, ‘with, by, through, on.’]
Macdonell
EnglishBenfey
EnglishApte Hindi
Hindiप्र
अव्य* - प्रथ्+ड
"धातुओं के पूर्व उपसर्ग के रूप में लग कर इसका अर्थ है-आगे, आगे का, सामने, आगे की ओर, पहले, दूर यथा प्रगम्, प्रस्था, प्रचुर, प्रया आदि"
प्र
अव्य* - प्रथ्+ड
"विशेषणों के पूर्व लग कर इसका अर्थ है-बहुत, बहुत अधिक, अत्यंत आदि, प्रकृष्ट, प्रमत्त आदि, "
प्र
अव्य* - प्रथ्+ड
"आरंभ, उपक्रम यथा प्रयाणम्, प्रस्थानम् प्राह्ण"
प्र
अव्य* - प्रथ्+ड
लम्बाई यथा प्रवालमूषिक
प्र
अव्य* - प्रथ्+ड
शक्ति यथा प्रभु
प्र
अव्य* - प्रथ्+ड
"तीव्रता, आधिक्य यथा प्रवाद, प्रकर्ष, प्रच्छाय, प्रगुण"
प्र
अव्य* - प्रथ्+ड
"स्रोत या मूल यथा प्रभव, प्रपौत्र"
प्र
अव्य* - प्रथ्+ड
"पूर्ति, पूर्णता, तृप्ति यथा प्रभुक्तमन्नम्"
प्र
अव्य* - प्रथ्+ड
"अभाव, वियोग, अनस्तित्व यथा प्रोषिता, प्रपर्ण वृक्षः"
प्र
अव्य* - प्रथ्+ड
अतिरिक्त यथा प्रज्ञु
प्र
अव्य* - प्रथ्+ड
श्रेष्ठता यथा प्राचार्यः|51618 अव्य* H1 - A प्रथ्+ड
श्रेष्ठता यथा प्राचार्य
प्र
अव्य* - प्रथ्+ड
पवित्रता यथा प्रसन्नं जलम्|51619 अव्य* H1 - A प्रथ्+ड
पवित्रता यथा प्रसन्नं जल
प्र
अव्य* - प्रथ्+ड
अभिलाषा यथा प्रार्थना
प्र
अव्य* - प्रथ्+ड
विराम यथा प्रशम
प्र
अव्य* - प्रथ्+ड
सम्मान आदर यथा प्रांजलिः|51622 अव्य* H1 - A प्रथ्+ड
सम्मान आदर यथा प्रांजलि
प्र
अव्य* - प्रथ्+ड
"प्रमुखता यथा प्रणस, प्रवाल"
Shabdartha Kaustubha
Kannadaप्र
पदविभागः - > अव्ययम्
कन्नडार्थः - > ಗತಿ /ಗಮನ
प्रयोगाः - > "अद्य जातवदनन्यबत्सले प्रश्रिताः सुमनसः प्रतस्थिरे"
उल्लेखाः - > याद० १७-१३०
विस्तारः - > प्र ಎಂಬುವುದು ನಾಮ ಮತ್ತು ವಿಶೇಷಣ ಪದಗಳ ಮತ್ತು ಕ್ರಿಯಾಪದಗಳ ಯೋಗದಿಂದ ನಿಪಾತಸಂಜ್ಞೆ, ಉಪಸರ್ಗಸಂಜ್ಞೆ ಮತ್ತು ಗತಿಸಂಜ್ಞೆಗಳನ್ನು ಹೊಂದಿ ಈ ಎಲ್ಲಾ ಅರ್ಥಗಳಿಗೆ ದ್ಯೋತಕವಾಗುವುದು, ಇದು ೨೦ ಉಪಸರ್ಗಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಮೊದಲನೆಯದು.
प्र
पदविभागः - > अव्ययम्
कन्नडार्थः - > ಆರಂಭ /ಉಪಕ್ರಮ
प्रयोगाः - > "अद्यापि गङ्गासलिलप्रवाहे प्रक्राण्तपातामिव सम्प्रपेदे"
उल्लेखाः - > याद० २३-१५
प्र
पदविभागः - > अव्ययम्
कन्नडार्थः - > ಉತ್ಕರ್ಷ /ಶ್ರೇಷ್ಠತೆ
प्रयोगाः - > "यदा प्रकृष्टामन्येत सर्वास्तु प्रकृतीर्भृशम्"
प्र
पदविभागः - > अव्ययम्
कन्नडार्थः - > ಅತಿಶಯ /ಹೆಚ್ಚಿಗೆ
प्रयोगाः - > "प्रच्छायसुलभनिद्रा दिवसाः परिणामरमणीयाः"
उल्लेखाः - > शाकु० १-३
प्र
पदविभागः - > अव्ययम्
कन्नडार्थः - > ಪ್ರಾಥಮ್ಯ
प्र
पदविभागः - > अव्ययम्
कन्नडार्थः - > ಉತ್ಪತ್ತಿ
प्रयोगाः - > "कर्म यज्ञः फलं स्वर्गः तासां त्वं प्रभवो गिराम्"
उल्लेखाः - > कुमा० २-१२
प्र
पदविभागः - > अव्ययम्
कन्नडार्थः - > ಸ್ಪಷ್ಟತೆ /ಸ್ಫುಟವಾಗಿರುವಿಕೆ
प्रयोगाः - > "अदृष्टचाणूरमुखेष्वलक्षितं प्रदर्शयन् ऋक्षपतेः पराक्रमम्"
उल्लेखाः - > याद० १४-११
प्र
पदविभागः - > अव्ययम्
कन्नडार्थः - > ಶಕ್ತಿ /ಸಾಮರ್ಥ್ಯ
प्र
पदविभागः - > अव्ययम्
कन्नडार्थः - > ಪ್ರಕಾಶ /ಚೆನ್ನಾಗಿ ಕಾಣಿಸಿಕೊಳ್ಳುವುದು
प्रयोगाः - > "प्रभवति हिमवतो गङ्गा" तत्र प्रकाशते इत्यर्थः ।
प्र
पदविभागः - > अव्ययम्
कन्नडार्थः - > ಸ್ವಚ್ಛತೆ /ನಿರ್ಮಲವಾಗಿರುವಿಕೆ
L R Vaidya
Englishpra {% ind. %} As a prefix to verbal themes it means, ‘forward, before, in front, onward, away &c.’It is compounded with nouns not immediately derived from verbs in the sense of- (1) ‘forth, away, ’ (e.g. प्रपौत्र)
(2) ‘without, destitute of, ’ (e.g. प्रपर्णो वृक्षः)
(3) excellent, (e.g. प्राचार्य)
(4) begin, (e.g. प्राह्ण)
(5) formed, folded, (e.g. प्रांजलि)
(6) intense, (e.g. प्रगुण)
(7) prominent, (e.g. प्रणस)
(8) apart, (e.g. प्रजु)
(9) complete &c.
and with adjectives in the sense of ‘excessively, much, very, ’ (e.g. प्रमत्त).
Bopp
LatinIndian Epigraphical Glossary
EnglishLanman
EnglishAbhyankara Grammar
Englishप्र a conventional term for हृस्व (short) generally applied to vowels in the Jainendra Vyakarana.
शब्दकल्पद्रुमः
Sanskritवाचस्पत्यम्
Sanskritप्र प्रथ--ड । १ आरम्भे २ गतौ ३ उत्कर्षे ४ प्राथम्ये ५ सर्व-तोभावे ६ उत्पत्तौ, ७ ख्यातौ ८ व्यवहारे च पुरुषोत्तमः ।अस्य क्रियायोगे उपसर्गत्वम् । गतित्वञ्च । अस्यार्थभेदोदाहरणानि गणरत्नटी० उक्तानि यथा“प्र आदिकर्मदीर्धेशभृशसम्भवतृप्तिवियोगशुद्धिशक्तीच्छा-शान्तिपूजाग्रदर्शनेषु” प्रयातः । प्रवालमूषिकः प्रभुर्देशस्य ।प्रवदन्ति दायादाः । हिमवतो गङा प्रभवति । प्रभुक्त-मन्नम् । प्रोषितः । प्रसन्नं जलम् । प्रशक्तः । प्रार्थयते ।प्रशान्तोऽग्निः । प्राञ्जलि । प्रबालम् । प्रलोकयति” ।
Capeller
GermanGrassman
Germanprá als Richtungswort in den Bedeutungen: vor, hervor, vorwärts, voran, fort u. s. w. zu añj, an, ar, ars, arh, av, aś, 1. 2. as, 2. ah, i, idh, inv, iyakṣ, irajy, 1. iṣ, īṅkh, īḍ, īr, 1. ukṣ, ṛñj, kāś, kup, kṛ, krand, kram, krīḍ, kṣar, 2. kṣi, khād, khyā, gam, gar, 1. 2. gā, gāh, 1. gir, gur, cakṣ, cat, car, cit, cud, cyu, jan, jinv, jñā, taks, 1. tan, tap, tṛd, dar, dah, 1. dā, diś, 2. dī, duh, dṛś, drā, dru, dhan, dhanv, 1. dhā, 1. dhāv, dhū, dhraj, nakṣ, 1. 2. naś, nī, 1. nu, nud, 1. pat, pad, 2. pā, pi, pinv, pur, puṣ, pṛc, pyā, pruth, bādh, budh, brū, bhañj, bhas, bhā, bhid, 2. bhuj, bhū, bhūṣ, bhṛ, mad, 1. man, mand, 1. mā, mī, muc, mud, mur, muṣ, muṣāy, mṛj, mṛṇ, mṛś, mṛṣ, yakṣ, yaj, yam, yas, yā, 2. yu, yuj, yudh, 2. raj, rad, rap, rapś, (rabh), 2. rāj, rādh, ri, ric, 1. ru, ruc, ruj, vac, vad, van, vand, vap, varh, 3. vas, vah, 1. 3. vā, vij, vid, víp, vivās, viś, vī, vṛ, [Page864] vṛj, vṛt, vṛdh, vyadh, śaṃs, śak, śar, śardh, śās, śuc, śubh, śrī, 1. śru, sac, sad, san, sah, sādh, si, sidh, 1. sū, sūd, sṛ, sṛj, sṛp, stan, stu, stubh, sthā, snā, spaś, spṛdh, spursphur, syad, svan, han, hā, hi, hu, hū, hṛ. Bisweilen ist das Verb zu ergänzen {384, 8} (ákṛthās)
{582, 5} (astu)
{603, 1} (rádat)
{622, 13} (syāt)
{840, 14} (yamat)
bisweilen erscheint es verdoppelt prá-pra: {40, 7} (asthita)
{138, 1} (śasyate)
{489, 1} (śaṃsiṣam)
{524, 4} (śṛṇve)
{678, 1} (vivāsati)
{721, 2} (arṣa). In Zusammensetzung mit Substantiven: kaṅkatá, kalā́, nápāt, padá.
Burnouf
FrenchNo entries for this word is found.
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