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पातयन्तिक (pAtayantika)

 
Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid
English
pātayantika, adj., and °kā, subst. (for alternative Pali and BHS forms see below), causing fall (to an evil existence, if not repented and expiated)
this is clearly the usual Northern interpretation
one of the three main kinds of monkish transgressions, the others being pārājika and saṃghāvaśeṣa, qq.v.: as adj., °ka with dharma, (trayāṇāṃ dharmāṇām anyatamānyatamena dharmeṇa vadet pārājikena vā saṃghāvaśeṣeṇa vā) pātayantikena vā Prāt 〔489.(1—)3, and ff.〕
there are 30 offenses called niḥsargikāḥ (q.v.) pātayantikā dharmāḥ 〔490.8〕, listed in the following where each is called °gikā °yantikā (subst. fem.), 〔490.11—12 and ff.〕
they are followed by 90 pātayantikā dharmāḥ 〔502.13〕, each again styled pātayantikā (subst. fem.) 〔502.15 ff.〕
°tikā dharmāḥ also Mvy 〔8417〕 = Tib. ltuṅ byed, lit. making fall, usually rendered transgression
the Pali correspondents are 30 nissaggiyā pācittiyā dhammā Vin. 〔iii.195.1〕, each one styled nissaggiyaṃ pācittiyaṃ (nt., not f.) id. 18, etc., followed by 92 pācittiyā dhammā, Vin. 〔iv.1〕, each one styled pācittiyaṃ 〔2.14 ff.〕 On the various forms of Pali and BHS see (besides older treatments, now obsolete) S. Lévi, JA. Nov.—Dec. 1912, 〔506—8〕, and esp. Waldschmidt, Kl. Skt. Texte 3. 〔116 f.〕, who says inter alia: ‘In den späteren Turfanfragmenten erscheint ganz allgemein als Sanskritform pātayantikā’ (so e.g. op. cit. 〔41.1〕). He notes that pāteti is used in Pali in explaining pācittiya, Vin. 〔v.148.30〕, and that pātayati is similarly used in BHS in explaining the mg. of other (substitute) forms, see below. He states that Chin., like Tib. (regularly ltuṅ byed, above), supports this mg. On the other hand he reports a BHS ms. reading pāca(tt)i, which reminds one of the Pali form
and shows that pātayantika, and other alternative forms, are rendered in ways which suggest association (certainly unhistorical) with root pac-
he cites a passage (〔p. 117〕) reading pātayantikā, pacati dahati uddahati avyutthitasyāvaraṇakṛtyaṃ karoti, tenāha pātayantikā, and compares Divy 〔544.10〕 pāyantiketi (text pāpānti°, as also 〔543.24〕
in 〔544.15〕 mss. pāyantikām, read thus all three times with Lévi l. c. above) dahati pacati pātayati (so with Lévi for text yāt°). Besides the popular etymology pāpāntikā of the Divy mss., just cited, Das gives pāpātmikā for Tib. ltuṅ byed. The same word is read pāyattikāḥ (sc. dharmāḥ) [Page340-b] Mvy 〔8360〕
(naiḥsargikāḥ, q.v., = niḥsa°) pāyattikāḥ 〔8383〕, and pāpattikā (f.) 〔9223〕, but with vv.ll. in one or more of these places (besides pāyattikā in the last) pāyantika (pāyantikām āpattim, acc., MSV 〔ii.174.9〕), pāpantika, pāṭāyantika, pātavantika, (acc. to Waldschmidt also pādayantika, ) and with °kā as subst. f. (pāyantikayā, instr., MSV 〔iii.109.20〕). There is moreover (besides pācatti cited by Waldschmidt above) prāyaścittikāḥ (sc. dharmāḥ) Mvy 〔8418〕 (śuddha-p°, acc. to Tib. only, merely prāy°, ḥbaḥ zhig tu ḥgyur ba)
(snāna-)prāyaścittikaṃ 〔8484〕 (both these = Tib. ltuṅ byed)
and prāyaścittikaḥ (sc. dharmaḥ) Mvy 〔9307〕 (= Tib. ltuṅ ba, fall), which is followed by śuddha- (Tib. ma ḥdres pa, unmixed) -pāpattikaḥ (sc. dharmaḥ
Tib. again ltuṅ ba, = prec.) 〔9308〕, cf. 〔8418〕 above, and s.v. śuddhaka. Lévi l. c. points out the phonetic difficulty of deriving Pali pācittiya from BHS prāyaścittika, and proposes an orig. *prākcitta plus -ika, thru *paccittika to pāci°, la pensée en avant, = either (des actes commis) avec précipitation, or qui précipitent (aux enfers). He cites a Tocharian loan pāyti, which he says goes back to pāyantika. It is obvious that the orig. form and mg. of the word can not be confidently reconstructed.