परा (parA)

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शब्दसागरः

English

 परा ind. A participle and prefix implying,  1. Supremacy.
	 2. Libera-
tion. 
	 3. Inverted order.
	 4. Pride,  contumely.
	 5. Encounter, 
mutual presence.
	 6. Excess,  exceeding.
	 7. Overcoming,  surpass-
ing.
	 8. Going.
	 9. Killing,  destroying,  injuring. As पराक्रम supe-
rior power or valour
 पराजय defeat
 पराभव disgrace
 परावर्त्त
turning back,  &c. see the following.
 E.
  पॄ to fill,  aff.
   अप्,  and आ
added.

Capeller Eng

English

 प॑रा adv.
  (only °— in subst.  & verbs) away,  off,  forth.

Yates

English

 परा
prep. Far (in extent).

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Wilson

English

 परा ind. A participle and prefix implying, 
1 Supremacy.
2 Liberation. 
3 Inverted order.
4 Pride,  contumely.
5 Encounter,  mutual presence.
6 Excess,  exceeding.
7 Overcoming,  surpassing.
8 Going.
9 Killing,  destroying,  injuring. As पराक्रम superior power or valour
पराजय defeat
 पराभव disgrace
 परावर्त turning back,  &c. see
the following.
E.
  पॄ to fill,  aff.
   अप् and आ added.

Apte

English

परा [parā],  ind.
  A prefix to verbs and nouns in the sense of 'away,  back,  in an inverted order,  aside,  towards'. According to G. M. the senses of परा are:

killing,  injuring & (पराहत).

going (परागत).

seeing,  encountering (परादृष्ट).

prowess (पराक्रान्त).

direction towards (परावृत्त).

excess (पराजित).

dependence (पराधीन).

liberation (पराकृत).

inverted order,  backwards (पराङ्मुख).

setting aside,  disregarding.

Apte 1890

English

 परा ind. A prefix to verbs and nouns in the sense of ‘away,  back,  in an inverted order,  aside,  towards.’ According to G. M. the senses of परा are: 1. killing,  injuring &c. (पराहत). 2. going (परागत). 3. seeing,  encountering (परादृष्ट). 4. prowess (पराक्रांत). 5. direction towards (परावृत्त). 6. excess (पराजित). 7. dependence (पराधीन). 8. liberation (पराकृत). 9. inverted order,  backwards (पराङ्मुख). 10 setting aside,  disregarding. 

Monier Williams Cologne

English

 प॑रा a (आ),  f.
  a foreign country,  abroad (?),  Kathās.
 

 a species of plant,  L.
 

 N.
  of a sound in the first of its 4 stages,  L.
 

 a partic.  measure of time,  Sāy.
 

 N.
  of a river,  MBh.
  
 VP.
   (v.l. पारा,  वेणा,  वेण्णा)

 of a goddess (cf.   s.v.
 )

 1. परा (for 2. See col. 2) f.
  of पर in comp. 

 2. प॑रा (for 1. See col. 1). ind.
  away,  off,  aside,  along,  on,  (Lat.  per
 it occurs only in -तरम् and -वत्,  and as a prefix to nouns and verbs
 it is prob. akin to पर,  परस्,  प्र.)

Monier Williams 1872

English

 परा परा (connected with पर,  परस्, 
and प्र,  probably an old inst. sing. of पर,  and
used as an indeclinable and inseparable prefix to
verbs and nouns in the sense of) away,  off
 back, 
backward
 inverted order
 aside
 to,  towards
 over, 
on. According to native lexicographers the senses
in which परा may be used are expressed by the
following Sanskrit words: आभिमुख्य,  प्रातिलोम्य, 
गति,  वि-क्रम,  धर्षण,  हिंसा (वध),  वि-
मोक्ष,  भृशम्,  प्रत्या-वृत्ति,  भङ्ग,  अन्-
आदर,  and न्यग्-भाव
 [cf. परेण,  पर-तस्, 
परे: Zend para: Gr. παρά,  παραί,  πάρ,  πάλιν:
Lat. per,  pereo = parā-i,  perdo = parā-dā: Osc.
perum,  ‘without:’ Goth. fra-,  fair: Angl. Sax.
for: Old Germ. far-,  fer: Mod. Germ. ver-:
Lith. par-,  ‘back,  again
’ per,  ‘through:’ Hib.
frea,  far-,  ‘back,  again.’]

Macdonell

English

 परा párā,  ad. backward,  away,  forth,  off 🞄(verbal prp. and nominal prefix).

Benfey

English

 परा परा,  old instr. sing. of पर, 
inseparable preposition combined and
compounded with verbs and their deri-
vatives (immediately with a noun in
परासु),  Away,  over,  on,  inverted, 
wrong,  back,  sideward. -- Cf.  παρά,  πάλιν
Lat. per,  e. g. in per-dere,  per-
fidus (cf.  परि)
 Goth. fair- and fra-
A.S. for.

Hindi

परे उच्च, 

Apte Hindi

Hindi

परा
अव्य* - पृ + अच् + टाप्
‘दूर’ ‘पीछे’ ‘उल्टे क्रम से’ ‘एक ओर’ ‘की ओर’ अर्थो को प्रकट करने के लिए धातु या संज्ञा से पूर्व लगने वाला उपसर्ग

Shabdartha Kaustubha

Kannada

परा
पदविभागः - > अव्यय
कन्नडार्थः - > ಪ್ರಾತಿಲೋಮ್ಯ/ವ್ಯತ್ಯಾಸ/ಹಿಂದುಮುಂದಾಗುವುದು
विस्तारः - > ನಾಮಪದ ಮತ್ತು ಕ್ರಿಯಾಪದಗಳ ಹಿಂದೆ ಸೇರಿಸಲ್ಪಡುವ ಒಂದು ಉಪಸರ್ಗ. ಇದು ಅನೇಕ ಅರ್ಥಗಳಿಗೆ ದ್ಯೋತಕವಾಗುವುದು.
परा
पदविभागः - > अव्यय
कन्नडार्थः - > ಪ್ರಾಧಾನ್ಯ/ಮುಖ್ಯತೆ
परा
पदविभागः - > अव्यय
कन्नडार्थः - > ವಧೆ/ಕೊಲ್ಲುವುದು/ನಾಶಪಡಿಸುವುದು
प्रयोगाः - > "पराहतध्वस्तशिखे शिखावतो वपुष्यधिक्षिप्तसमिद्धतेजसि"
उल्लेखाः - > किरा० १६-५६
परा
पदविभागः - > अव्यय
कन्नडार्थः - > ಗಮನ/ಹೋಗುವುದು/ನಡೆಯುವುದು
परा
पदविभागः - > अव्यय
कन्नडार्थः - > ಆಶ್ರಯ/ಅವಲಂಬನೆ
परा
पदविभागः - > अव्यय
कन्नडार्थः - > ಸೋಲುವುದು
प्रयोगाः - > "पराभवं तस्य महासुरस्य"
परा
पदविभागः - > अव्यय
कन्नडार्थः - > ಹಿಂತಿರುಗುವುದು
प्रयोगाः - > परावृत्तः
परा
पदविभागः - > अव्यय
कन्नडार्थः - > ಮೋಕ್ಷ/ಮುಕ್ತಿ/ ಬಿಡುಗಡೆ
परा
पदविभागः - > अव्यय
कन्नडार्थः - > ಅವಮಾನ
प्रयोगाः - > पराभूतः। "पराभवोऽप्युत्सव एव मानिनाम्"
उल्लेखाः - > किरा० १-४१
परा
पदविभागः - > अव्यय
कन्नडार्थः - > ಹೊಡೆಯುವುದು/ತಾಕುವುದು
प्रयोगाः - > "अवाप्तकिञ्जल्कविभेदमुच्चकैर्विवृत्तपाठीनपराहतं पयः"
उल्लेखाः - > किरा० ४-५
परा
पदविभागः - > स्त्रीलिङ्गः
कन्नडार्थः - > ನಾಭಿರೂಪವಾದ ಮೂಲಾಧಾರದಿಂದ ಮೊದಲು ಹುಟ್ಟಿದ ನಾದರೂಪವಾದ ವರ್ಣ
विस्तारः - > "मूलाधारात् प्रथममुदितो यस्तु तारः पराख्यः" अलं० कौस्तु० ಆತ್ಮನು ಬುದ್ಧಿಯೊಡನೆ ಸೇರಿ ಬಾಹ್ಯವಿಷಯಗಳನ್ನು ಗ್ರಹಿಸಿ ಅದನ್ನು ಹೇಳಲು ಶಬ್ದೋಚ್ಚಾರಣೆಗಾಗಿ ಯತ್ನಿಸುವನು. ಈ ಶಬ್ದೋಚ್ಚಾರಣೆಗೆ ಮೂಲಾಧಾರದಿಂದ ಹುಟ್ಟುವ ನಾದ ಮೊದಲಾಗಿ ಅರ್ಥಬೋಧಕ ಶಬ್ದನಿಷ್ಪತ್ತಿಯವರೆಗೆ परा पश्यन्ती मध्यमा वैखरी ಎಂಬ ನಾಲ್ಕು ಅವಸ್ಥೆಗಳುಂಟು. ವಿವರಕ್ಕೆ "पश्यन्ती"ಪದದಲ್ಲಿ ನೋಡಿ.
परा
पदविभागः - > स्त्रीलिङ्गः
कन्नडार्थः - > ಗಂಗಾನದಿ

L R Vaidya

English

 para {% (I) a. (f. रा) (this word is declined optionally as a pronoun in nom. and voc. pl. m. and in abl. and loc. sing. m. n. when it denotes relative position) %} 1. Different,  varying,  other,  another,  M.iv.133
distant,  removed
beyond,  further,  म्लेच्छदेशस्ततः परः M.ii.23
excellent,  pre-eminent,  chief,  best,  highest,  e.g. परा काष्ठा
higher,  superior,  इंद्रियाणि पराण्याहुरिंद्रियेभ्यः परं मनः । मनसस्तु परा बुद्धिः Bg.iii.42,  vii.7
subsequent,  following,  next,  (with an abl.)
exceeding,  having a remainder,  (e.g. परं शतम् ‘more than a hundred’)
inimical,  adverse
last,  final,  R.xii.56
(generally at the end of compounds) wholly engaged in,  solely devoted to,  completely occupied with,  e.g. चिंतापर,  ध्यानपर,  शोकपर &c.

 parA {% ind. %} A prefix to verbs implying- (1) overcoming
 (2) liberation
 (3) inverted order
 (4) pride
 (5) encounter
 (6) excess
 (7) going
 (8) killing,  injuring &c.

Bopp

Latin

 परा (fortasse a पर alius sicut दक्षिणा a दक्षिण) Praep.
insep. retro. (Cf. gr. παϱά
 lith. par (praep. insep.) re-
tro,  e. c. par-wadinu revoco,  par-eimi redeo
 hib. frea-, 
far- e. c. freagaraim «I answer»,  far-bhuille «a back-
blow»,  v. Pictet p. 89. Fortasse etiam lat. re-,  osset.
ra- huc pertinent,  abjectâ syllabâ initiali. E goth. lin-
guâ fair- huc retulerim,  attenuato a in i,  praefixo a,  v.
gr. comp. 82.
 germ. vet. far,  fir
 nostrum ver,  v.
Grimm III. 256. 4. c.
 etiam faur pro e परा ortum esse
potest,  abjecto आ finali,  attenuato a medio in u
 germ.
vet. furi
 nostrum für
 island. vet. fyri,  attenuato आ in
i
 v. परि.)

Lanman

English

 párā,  adv. to a distance,  away,  forth. [cf.
παρά,  w. gen.,  ‘away from,  from beside’
Lat. per- in per-īre and Ger. ver- in ver-gehen, 
‘pass away,  perish’
 Eng. for- in for-bear, 
‘hold off from.’]

Abhyankara Grammar

English

परा  the highest eternal voice or word,  the highest and the most lofty of the our divisions of language (वाक),  viz. परा, पश्यन्ती,  मध्यमा and वैखरी,  which,  (परा),  philosophically is identified with नाद ( व्रह्म ) or शब्दब्रह्म . It is described as वर्णादि -विशेषरहिता चेतनमिश्रा सृष्ट्युपयोगिनी जगदुपादानभूता कुण्डलिनीरूपेण प्राणिनां मूलाधारे वर्तते |     कुण्डलिन्याः प्राणवायुसंयोगे परा व्यज्यते | इयं निःष्पन्दा पश्यन्त्यादयः सस्पन्दा अस्या विवर्तः । इयमेव सूक्ष्मस्फोट इत्युच्यते ।

Schmidt Nachtrage zum Sanskrit Worterbuch

German

 परा f. im Kaśm. Śiv. °das ewige Wort,  in welchem potentiell alle Begriffe und Worte ruhen
 vgl. das śabdabrahma des Vyākaraṇa. [B.]

Mahabharata

English

Parā^1,  a goddess. § 270 (Brahmasabhāv.): II,  11,  458 (in the palace of Brahmán).

Parā^2,  a river. § 574 (Jambūkh.): VI,  9,  327 (only C.,  B. has Veṇāṃ).

शब्दकल्पद्रुमः

Sanskrit

 परा,  व्य,
   विमोक्षः । प्राधान्यम् । प्रातिलोम्यम् ।धर्षणम् । आभिमुख्यम् । भृशार्थम् । विक्रमः ।गतिः । वधः । इति मेदिनी ॥
 * ॥
 उपसर्ग-विशेषः । अस्यार्थः । भङ्गः । अनादरः । प्रत्या-वृत्तिः । न्यग्भावः । इति मुग्धबोधटीकायांदुर्गादासः ॥

 परा,  स्त्री,
   (पॄ + अच् + ततः टाप् ।) बन्ध्या-कर्कोटकी । इति राजनिर्घण्टः ॥
 (अस्याः गुणायथा,  --“बन्ध्याकर्कोटकी लघ्वी कफणुद्व्रणशोधिनी ।सर्पदर्पहरी तीक्ष्णा विसर्पविषहारिणी ॥
”इति भावप्रकाशस्य पूर्व्वखण्डे प्रथमे भागे ॥
)नाभिरूपमूलाधारात् प्रथमोदितनादस्वरूप-वर्णः । यथा,  --“मूलाधारात् प्रथममुदितो यस्तु भावः पराख्यः ॥
”इत्यलङ्कारकौस्तुभे प्रथमकिरणः ॥
(पूरयति सागरं भक्तमनोरथञ्चेति व्युत्पत्यागङ्गा । यथा,  काशीखण्डे । २९ । १०६ ।“परानन्दा प्रकृष्टार्था प्रतिष्ठा पालनी परा ॥
”गायत्त्री । यथा,  देवीभागवते । १२ । ६ । ९० ।“पार्व्वती परमोदारा परब्रह्मात्मिका परा ॥
”)

वाचस्पत्यम्

Sanskrit

 परा अव्य०
  पृ--आ । १ प्रातिलोम्ये २ प्राधान्ये ३ घर्षणे४ आभिमुख्ये ५ त्याने ६ विक्रमे ७ भृशार्थे ८ गतौ ९ भङ्गे१० अनादरे ११ तिरस्कारे १२ प्रत्यावृत्तौ च मेदि० “पराबधगतिदर्शनविक्रमाभिमुखभृशाधीनमोक्षणप्रातिलोम्येषु”गणरत्नटीकोक्तार्थभेदे क्रमादुदाहृतं यथा पराहतःपरागतः परादृष्टः पराक्रान्तः परावृत्तः पराजितःपराधीनः पराकृतः पराङ्मुखः” । १३ बन्ध्याकर्कोट्यां“परा वागनपायिनी” इत्युक्ते १ ४ मूलाधारस्थे शब्दभेदे“सा परा ययाऽक्षरमधिगम्यते” इति श्रुत्युक्तायां १५ ब्र-ह्मविद्यायाञ्च स्त्री ।

Capeller

German

 प॑रा (nur
°—) weg,  fort,  hin. 

Grassman

German

 párā,  fort,  weg,  über (im Sinne der Obergewalt),  [gr. παρά,  lat. per,  u. s. w. Cu. 〔346〕
 das ā entspricht dem a der andern Präpositionen,  und ist gewiss nicht als Instrumental zu fassen,  da keine echte Präposition eine Casusform darstellt,  vielmehr ist das ā nur eine Verlängerung,  welche gelegentlich fast jedes auslautende a ergreift,  hier aber wol,  zur Unterscheidung von dem nahverwandten Pronom pára,  durchgedrungen ist]. Ueberall erscheint es als Richtungswort zu einem Verb gefügt,  namentlich zu (ac),  2. as,  i,  gam,  1. gā,  car,  ji,  taṃs,  dā,  dham,  dhāv,  nud,  1. pat,  bhṛ,  mṛś,  vah,  1. vā,  vṛj,  śar,  sic,  sū,  sṛ,  han. Bisweilen ist das Verb zu ergänzen,  z. B. {783, 7} eti (aus V. _{783, 6}),  er geht fort,  geht hin,  und vielleicht {624, 18} falls aus vemi (V. _{624, 17}) die Verbalform vianti oder viantu zu ergänzen ist (Sāy. ergänzt gachanti). Ausserdem liegt párā,  oder auch pára mit verlängertem a zu Grunde in parātarám,  parāvát.

Burnouf

French

 परा परा pfx. insép. (पर) en arrière,  en sens
contraire
 qqf.  en face,  vers.
		 Gr.
παρά
 lith. par.

Stchoupak

French

 परा
 prév. indiquant l'éloignement (dans telle ou telle direction), 
l'écart (d'où défaite) et (plus rar.) le mouvement en avant 
 rare devant
noms.

No entries for this word is found.

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