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पणि (paNi)

 
Capeller Eng
English
पणि॑
m.
 bargainer, niggard, a stingy sacrificer or a
malicious demon.
Yates
English
पणि (णिः) 2.
m.
 Man of business.
Spoken Sanskrit
English
पणि paNi
m.
 bargainer
Apte
English
पणिः [paṇiḥ],
f.
 A market.
m.
A miser, niggard.
An impious man, a thief (appearing as a Purohita)
Bhāg.*
 5.9.15.
A bargainer
धरां रजःस्वभावेन पणयो ये च ताननु
Bhāg.*
 3.6.28.
N.
 of a class of demons.
Apte 1890
English
पणिः f. A market.
m. 1 A miser, niggard.
2 An impious man.
Monier Williams Cologne
English
पणि॑
m.
 a bargainer, miser, niggard (esp. one who is sparing of sacrificial oblations),
RV.
AV.
N.
 of a class of envious demons watching over treasures,
RV.
 (esp. x, 108)
AV.
ŚBr.
a thief appearing as a Purohita,
BhP.
a market,
L.
Monier Williams 1872
English
पणि, इस्, m. (lit. ‘a negotiator or tradesman, one who
barters and traffics’), a miser, a niggard
one who is
sparing of sacrificial oblations
an impious man who
gives nothing to the gods, a Śūdra sacrificing priest
N. of a class of envious demons watching over
treasures, (they are defeated by the gods and the
Aṅgirasas
sometimes the word पणि is only an
epithet of the Asuras who are supposed to steal
cows and hide them in mountain-caverns.)
Macdonell
English
पणि paṇ-í,
m.
 [bargainer], niggard, miser: 🞄said esp. of those who are stingy at the sacrifice 🞄and of unbelievers who keep their property 🞄to themselves (V.)
also designation of 🞄certain malevolent demons, guardians of treasure, 🞄overcome by the gods and the Aṅgirases 🞄(V., P.)
thief, — in the guise of a Purohita (P.).
Apte Hindi
Hindi
पणिः
स्त्री*
 - पण् + इन्
बाजार
पणिः
पुं*
 - पण् + इन्
"कंजूस, लोभी"
पणिः
पुं*
 - पण् + इन्
अपावन मनुष्य या पापी
Shabdartha Kaustubha
Kannada
पणि
पदविभागः - > स्त्रीलिङ्गः
कन्नडार्थः - > ಅಂಗಡಿಬೀದಿ
निष्पत्तिः - > पण(व्यवहारे) "इन्" (उ० ४-११७)
पणि
पदविभागः - > स्त्रीलिङ्गः
कन्नडार्थः - > ಕೃಪಣ/ಜಿಪುಣ/ಜೀನ
L R Vaidya
English
paRi {% (I) f. %} A market.
paRi {% (II) m. %} A miser, a niggard.
Lanman
English
paṇí, m.
—1. bargainer, who gives nought
without return
chafferer, haggler, and so
—2. niggard
esp. one who is stingy towards
the gods, an impious person
—3. a
malicious demon. [√paṇ.]
Schmidt Nachtrage zum Sanskrit Worterbuch
German
पणि m. °Kaufmann, Manm. IV, 39c.
पुराणम्
English
पणिस् / PAṆI(S). A tribe which opposed the Aryans during the time of ṛgveda. Yāska's Nirukta states that their profession was trade and commerce.
Vedic Reference
English
Paṇi in the Rigveda appears to denote a person who is
rich, but who does not give offerings to the gods, or bestow
Dakṣiṇās on the priests, and who is therefore an object of
intense dislike to the composers of the Saṃhitā.^1 Hence the
gods are asked to attack the Paṇis, who are also referred to
as being defeated with slaughter.^2 The Paṇi is opposed to the
pious sacrificer as a niggard, ^3 and is spoken of as a wolf, ^4 the
symbol of enmity. In some passages^5 the Paṇis definitely
appear as mythological figures, demons who withhold the cows
or waters of heaven, and to whom Saramā goes on a mission
from Indra.^6 Among the Paṇis Bṛbu was apparently important.
In one passage of the Rigveda^7 they are described as Beka-
nāṭas, or ‘usurers’ (?). In another^8 they are called Dasyus,
and styled mṛdhra-vāc, probably ‘of hostile speech, ’ and grathin,
a word of uncertain meaning. Hillebrandt^9 thinks that the
latter epithet refers to the continuous flow of a speech which
is not understood, and that mṛdhra-vāc means ‘śpeaking an
enemy's speech, ’ though not necessarily with reference to
non-Āryans.^10 In two passages^11 the Paṇis appear as Dāsas,
and in one^12 a Paṇi is mentioned in connexion with wer-
geld (Vaira), being apparently regarded as equal to a man
merely in the price put on his life, but in other respects as
inferior.
It is difficult to be certain exactly who a Paṇi was. Roth^13
thinks that the word is derived from paṇ, ‘barter, ’ and that
the Paṇi is properly the man who will give nothing without
return, hence the niggard, who neither worships the gods nor
rewards their priests. This view is accepted by Zimmer^14 and
by Ludwig.^15 The latter scholar thinks the apparent references
to fights with Paṇis are to be explained by their having been
aboriginal traders who went in caravans — as in Arabia and
Northern Africa — prepared to fight, if need be, to protect their
goods against attacks which the Āryans would naturally deem
quite justified. He supports this explanation by the references
to the Paṇis as Dasyus and Dāsas. It is, however, hardly
necessary to do more than regard the Paṇis generally as
non-worshippers of the gods favoured by the singers
the term
is wide enough to cover either the aborigines or hostile Āryan
tribes, as well as demons. Hillebrandt, ^16 however, thinks that
a real tribe is meant, the Parnians of Strabo, and that they
were associated with the Dahae (Dāsa). Moreover, he finds
them associated in one passage^17 with the Pārāvatas, whom
he identifies with the Παρουῆται of Ptolemy, ^18 and with Bṛṣaya,
whom he connects with Βαρσαέντης of Arrian
^19 he also con-
siders that the frequent^20 mention of the Paṇis as opponents
of Divodāsa shows that the latter was on the Arachosian
Haraqaiti (Sarasvatī) fighting against the Parnians and Dahae,
as well as other Iranian tribes. But the identification of Paṇi
and the Parnians is needless, especially as the root paṇ, which
is found also in the Greek πέρνημι, shows a satisfactory deri-
vation, while the transfer of Divodāsa to the Haraqaiti is
improbable. See also Divodāsa and Bekanāṭa.
1) Rv. i. 33, 3
83, 2
151, 9
180, 7
iv. 28, 7
v. 34, 5-7
61, 8
vi. 13, 3
53, 3
viii. 64, 2
97, 2
x. 60, 6
Av. v. 11, 7
xx. 128, 4
Vājasaneyi
Saṃhitā, xxxv. 1.
2) Rv. 1, 83, 4
184, 2
iii. 58, 2
v.
34, 7
61, 8
vi. 13, 3
20, 4
33, 2
viii. 64, 11.
3) Rv. i. 124, 10
iv. 51, 3
viii. 45,
14 (where the sense is doubtful). Cf.
i. 93, 4
v. 61, 1.
4) Rv. vi. 51, 14.
5) Rv. i. 32, 11
ii. 24, 6
iv. 58, 4
vi. 44, 22
vii. 9, 2
x. 67, 6
92, 3
Av. iv. 23, 5
xix. 46, 2
Śatapatha
Brāhmaṇa, xiii. 8, 2, 3. It is im-
possible definitely to decide in which
passages the mythical sense is meant,
Cf. Macdonell, Vedic Mythology, p. 157.
6) Rv. x. 108.
7) Rv. viii. 66, 10.
8) Rv. vii. 6, 3.
9) Vedische Mythologie, 1, 89.
10) See Satapatha Brāhmaṇa, iii. 2,
1, 23
Muir, Sanskrit Texts, 2^2, 114
Davidson, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Mor-
genländischen Gesellschaft, 37, 23
Eggel-
ing, Sacred Books of the East, 26, 31,
n. 3.
11) Rv. v. 34, 5-7
Av. v. 11, 6.
12) Rv. v. 61, 8. Cf. Roth, Zeitschrift
der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesell-
schaft, 41, 673
Max Müller, Sacred
Books of the East, 32, 361, who thinks
that the Paṇi is compared unfavourably
with a generous woman, but this is
unlikely
Hillebrandt, 1, 92, n. 3
Sieg, Die Sagenstoffe des Ṛgveda, 58, 59
Oldenberg, Ṛgveda-Noten, 1, 364.
13) St. Petersburg Dictionary, s.v.
Cf. Yāska, Nirukta, ii. 17
vi. 26.
14) Altindisches Leben, 257. Cf. Mac-
donell, loc. cit.
Geldner, Ṛgveda,
Glossar, 103.
15) Translation of the Rigveda, 3, 213-
215. Cf. Bergaigne, Religion Védique,
2, 319.
16) Vedische Mythologie, 1, 83 et seq.
3, 268
Göttingische Gelehrte Anzeigen,
1894, 648.
17) Rv. vi. 61, 1-3.
18) vi. 20, 3.
19) iii. 8, 4.
20) The Paṇis occur twelve times in
Maṇḍala vi.
once each in ii. and viii.
twice in v. and ix.
thrice in iv. and
vii.
six times in viii.
nine times in i.
and four times in x., besides the refer-
ences in the Saramā hymn, x. 108.
वाचस्पत्यम्
Sanskrit
पणि स्त्री पण--आधारे इन् । १ विषणौ पण्यवीथिकायाम्उज्ज्वलदत्तः । धातुनिर्देशे इक् । २ पणधातौ
पु०
Capeller
German
पणि
m.
 Knauser, Geizhals, karger Opferer
schätzehütender Dämon.
Grassman
German
paṇí, m., ursprünglich „der Händler, Tauscher, der nichts ohne Entgelt geben will“ (BR.) von paṇ, daher 1〉 der Geizige, der seinen Reichthum verschliesst und keinem andern davon mittheilt, namentlich der den Göttern kein Opfer bringt
2〉 daher bezeichnet es auch Schätze hütende, den Göttern feindliche Dämonen. [Page761]
-ís 1〉 {33, 3}
{180, 7}
{415, 8}.
-ím 1〉 {502, 1}
{665, 14} ā́ tvā 〰 yád ī́mahe, wenn wir dich um des Gottlosen Auslieferung anflehen
{684, 7}. — 2〉 {93, 4}
{485, 22}
{492, 14} (atríṇam)
{893, 6}. In {982, 3} ist pavím zu lesen (s. d.).
-ínā 1〉 {32, 11}
{321, 7} (revátā ásunvatā).
-és 1〉 {918, 3}
bhójanam {83, 4}
{388, 7}
ásum {182, 3}
vā́jam {454, 3}
manīṣā́m {292, 2}
mánas {494, 3}
hṛdí {494, 6}.
-aú 1〉 {706, 2}.
-ayas [V.] 2〉 {934, 2}. _{934, 4}. _{934, 6}. _{934, 10}. _{934, 11}.
-áyas 1〉 {124, 10}
{347, 3}. — 2〉 {151, 9}
{461, 4}
{934, 7}. _{934, 8}.
-ī́n 1〉 {184, 2}
{474, 2}
{522, 3}
{535, 9}
{646, 10}
arādhásas {673, 2}
{886, 6}. — 2〉 {480, 2}
{675, 10}.
-íbhis 2〉 {354, 4}.
-íbhyas [Ab.] 1〉 {734, 7}.
-īnā́m 1〉 hṛ́dayā {494, 7}. — 2〉 nidhím {215, 6}
dúras {525, 2}.
-īnáam 1〉 hṛ́dayā {494, 5}. — 2〉 mūrdhán {486, 31}
vásu {823, 2}.