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न् (n)

 
Abhyankara Grammar
English
न् fifth consonant of the dental class of consonants which is possessed of the properties घोष, नादानुप्रदान, अल्पप्राणत्व, संवृतकण्ठत्व and अानुनासिक्य. In Panini's grammar the nasal conso- nant न् (a)is added as an augment prescribed\ \नुट् or नुम् which originally is \ \en as न्, but after- wards changed into अनुस्वार or परसवर्ण as reqired, as for example in पयांसि, यशांसि, निन्दति, वन्दति etc.
cf. P. VII. 1.58-73, VII. 1.79- 83
VIII. 3.24
(b) is changed into ण् when it directly follows upon ऋ, ॠ, र् or ष् or even intervened by a vowel, a semivowel except ल् , a guttural consonant, a labial consonant or an anusvara
cf. P. VIII. 4.1.1-31. (c) is substituted for the final म् of a root, e. g. प्रशान्, प्रतान् cf. P. VIII. 2.64, 65.
पुराणम्
English
बृहत्साम / BṚHATSĀMA(N). The name of a hymn. (ṛgveda, Maṇḍala 1, Anuvāka 10, Sūkta 52).
राज / RĀJA (N). All the important Purāṇas have laid special emphasis on the importance of rule by Kings. All living beings will have Kings of their own. It was brahmā who first assigned or ordained Kingship. After the creation of the prajāpatis, brahmā made candra the King of the stars and medicines
varuṇa was appointed King of waters like sea, river etc
vaiśravaṇa was appointed King of Kings
viṣṇu, King of devas
agni, King of Vasus
indra King of maruts
dakṣa King of the prajāpatis
prahlāda King of the dānavas
himavān, King of mountains
citraratha, King of Gandharvas
vāsuki, King of nāgas
garuḍa, King of birds
airāvata, King of elephants
Ox, King of cattle, Tiger, King of animals, Peepal tree, King of trees and uccaiśśravas that of horses. (agni purāṇa).
As to what type the King of man-kind should be and what should form his duties it is ordained as follows. The rājā should appoint either a kṣatriya or a brahmin as his Commander-in-chief. The Commander-in-chief should be of noble birth and well-versed in law. Only a strong man who can speak boldly and openly should be appointed emissary or ambassador. Either a male or a female may be appointed to carry chewing materials. But, that person should be loyal, friendly and capable of putting up with hardships. The body-guard of the King should be a good swords-man. Ministers should be conversant with dharmaśāstras (moral and ethical codes).
Also, the King should be surrounded by the royal physician, chief of the elephant division of the army, the mahout, chief of the cavalry force, master of the forts, the architect, preceptor in archery and the chief of the internal administration of the palace.
When it is yet three hours for the dawn, the King should wake up from sleep. Music, praises by courtiers etc. should herald his waking up. As soon as he has woken up, the King should hold talks with his spies. Then he should examine accounts and only after this should he begin the ablutions. After his pūjā (worship) is over, cows with gold should be gifted to brahmins. With their blessings he must look first into the mirror and then in ghee along with gold. Then he must look up the almanac for the day's star etc. And after having taken the medicine prescribed by the physician and also the blessings of the preceptor the King should attend court. (agni purāṇa. Chapter 235).
According to Chapter 8 of the manusmṛti (a great authority on law and ethics) Kings are born from the shoulders of indra, vāyu, yama, sūrya, agni, varuṇa, candra and kubera.
सहस्रनाम / SAHASRANĀMA (N). (Sahasra=thousand
nāma= name).
Hymns containing the thousand names of viṣṇu, śiva and devī are generally known as sahasranāma. The recitation of these names is considered to be annihilative of all sins. sahasranāma of viṣṇu is more popular.