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चेद् (ced)

 
Capeller Eng
English
चे॑द्
conj.
 ( = च + इ॑द्) and
also, even (w.
prec.
 अपि)
when, if (often
prec.
 by इति = if thus, in this case). अथ चेद् but
if. न चेद् (चेन्न) or नो चेद् if not, else. Rarely यदि चेद् = चेद्
alone.
Spoken Sanskrit
English
चेद् - ced - encl. conj - if
चेद् - ced -
ind.
 - it is not so
चेद् - ced -
ind.
 - iti cen - if it be argued that.
चेद् - ced -
ind.
 - when
न चेद् - na ced -
ind.
 - if not
न चेद् - na ced -
ind.
 - if not i.e. in order that not
न चेद् - na ced -
ind.
 - would that not!
नो चेद् - no ced -
ind.
 - if not i.e. in order that not
नो चेद् - no ced -
ind.
 - would that not!
अथ चेद् - atha ced -
ind.
 - but if
Apte
English
चेद् [cēd],
ind.
 If, provided that, although (never used at the beginning of a sentence)
अयि रोषमुरीकरोषि नो चेत्किमपि त्वां प्रति वारिधे वदामः
Bv.*
 1.44
Ku.*
 4.9
इति चेद् -न 'if it be urged that ......(we reply) not so' (frequently used in controversial works)
सन्निधानमात्रेण राजप्रभृतीनां दृष्टं कर्तृत्वमिति चेन्न Ś. B
अथ चेद् but if.
Apte 1890
English
चेद् ind. If, provided that, although (never used at the beginning of a sentence)
अयि रोषमुरीकरोषि नो चेत्किमपि त्वां प्रति वारिधे वदामः Bv. 1. 44
Ku. 4. 9
इति चेद
न ‘if it be urged that… (we reply) not so’ (frequently used in controversial works)
सन्निधानमात्रेण राजप्रभृतीनां दृष्टं कर्तृत्वमिति चेन्न Ś. B.
अथ चेद but if.
Monier Williams Cologne
English
चे॑द्
ind.
 (Padap. च इद्) (never found at the beginning of a sentence or verse)
=
 च, ‘and’,
AV.
 ii, 30, 2 (चे॑द्-च, ‘as well as’), xviii, 2, 37
‘when’ (the verb being accentuated
cf.
Pāṇ.
 viii, 1, 30),
RV.
 vii, 74, 4
viii, 79, 5
x, 109, 3
AV.
 v, 17, 8
‘if’ (the verb being accentuated
cf.
Pāṇ.
 viii, 1, 30
with
pr.
 [AV. xii, 4, 21
ŚBr.
&c.
cf.
Pāṇ.
 iii, 3, 8
f.
 & 132,
Kāś.
 ] Subj. [AV. vi, 122, 2],
Pot.
 [xii, 4, 48
ŚBr.
 xiv
Mn.
&c.
 (for
Cond.
 ,
MBh.
 v, 960 &
Rājat.
 v, 478)
cf.
Pāṇ.
 iii, 3, 9 and 156,
Kāś.
 ], perf. [AV. vi, 51, 3
MBh.
 xii, 986 ff.
perf.
p.
 ,
Pāṇ.
 iii, 3, 132,
Kāś.
 ],
aor.
 [AV. iv, 28, 4
xii, 4, 18
cf.
Pāṇ.
 iii, 3, 132,
Kāś.
 ], fut. [ŚBr. i, xiv
MBh.
R.
Śak.
cf.
Pāṇ.
 iii, 3, 8
f.
132
f.
 and 156,
Kāś.
 ],
Cond.
 [MBh. vii, 3423
Śak.
cf.
Pāṇ.
 iii, 3, 139,
Kāś.
 ], perf. or fut.
Pass.
p.
 or with an auxiliary verb to be supplied,
AV.
 ix, 5, 6
xii, 2, 36
KātyŚr.
Mn.
&c.
 )
अथ चेद् ‘but if’,
MBh.
 v, 2775
Bhag.
 ii, 33
xviii, 58
अपि चेद् ‘even’,
Hariv.
 11308
इति चेन् (often placed at the end of an objector's statement) ‘if it be argued that …’, न ‘no, it is not so’,
Bādar.
 ii, 1, 35
Sarvad.
 ii, 158
न चेद् (g. चादि, also separated by the verb [MBh. ] or the verb preceded by न placed at the end of the sentence [ŚBr. xiv, 6, 8, 1
Bhag.
 ii, 33
xviii, 58
Hit.
 ], rarely चेन् न in reversed order beginning the apodosis,
Sāṃkhyak.
 1
Sāh.
Śrut.
Hit.
 ) ‘if not’ (= नो चेद् forming a sentence by itself,
ŚBr.
 xiv, 7, 2, 15),
ŚBr.
 xiv
ŚāṅkhŚr.
 i, 17, 1
Mn.
&c.
नो चेद् (g. चादि) id. (forming a sentence by itself. e.g. दूरम् अपसर नो चेद् धन्तव्यो ऽसि मया, ‘depart to a distance, if not i.e. if thou departest not, thou art to be killed by me’),
MBh.
 xii, 7, 21 and 29, 145
Pañcat.
Kathās.
Vet.
Hit.
नो चेद् exceptionally
=
 न चेद् (beginning a sentence),
MBh.
 xiii, 5809
न चेद् or नो चेद् (with
Pot.
 ) ‘would that not!’ (e.g. नो चेत् प्रदहेत्, ‘would that he did not burn down!’), v, 676 ff. and 966
न चेद् or नो चेद् (with
pr.
 or
Pot.
 , the apodosis containing an
Impv.
 ) ‘if not’ i.e. ‘in order that not’, 2714
RV.
 v, 80, 24
यदि चेद् (also separated by the verb)
=
 चेद्, ‘if’ (with
pr.
Pot.
 fut.),
MBh.
 i, 2403
Hariv.
 11895
R.
 ii, 8, 34 and 48, 19 (cf. नेद्.)
Monier Williams 1872
English
चेद् चेद् (originally 2. च + इद्), a compound
particle, never found at the beginning of a sentence
or verse. In the Veda it is sometimes used as a
conjunction, like the simple च, in the sense of ‘and, ’
‘also, ’ ‘even.’ But in Vedic as well as classical
Sanskrit the most usual sense of चेद् is ‘if, ’ ‘although, ’
‘provided that, ’ ‘when, ’ and in these senses it may
be joined with the present indicative (e. g. मह्यं
चेद् ददाति तत्, if he gives that to me)
or with
the future (e. g. तृष्णां चेत् त्यक्ष्यति, if he
shall abandon avarice)
or with the conditional (e. g.
वृष्टिश् चेद् अभविष्यत्, if there should have been
rain)
or with the potential (e. g. गच्छेच् चेत्, if
he should go)
or with the perfect (e. g. स चेन् म-
मार, when he died)
or with a participle (e. g.
कर्तव्यं चेत् प्रियम् मह्यम्, if a kindness is
to be done to me). It should be observed that in
the Veda the verb which depends on चेद् retains
its accent.
The negative particle न may be prefixed to चेद्
either immediately or separated from it (e. g. न
चेद् वचः करिष्यति or न करिष्यति चेद् वचः,
if he should not make a speech)
and frequently the
negative नो is used in connection with चेद्, the
verb being understood (e. g. दूरम् अपसर नो
चेद् धन्तव्योऽसि मया, depart to a distance, if not,
i. e. if thou departest not, thou art to be killed by me).
Sometimes नो चेद् = अपि न, would that not! (e. g.
नो चेद् एवं कुर्यात्, would that he did not so!).
Rarely यदि and चेद् are joined together, when चेद्
may be translated by ‘that is, ’ ‘that is to say, ’ ‘namely’
(e. g. यदि चेद् राज्यम् अवाप्स्यति, if, that is, he
shall obtain the kingdom). In the argumentative
writings of native commentators चेद् preceded by इति
and followed by न is often placed at the end of an
objector's statement (e. g. ‘ऋग्-वेदम् अध्येमि’
इत्यादि वाक्यम् प्रमाणम् इति चेन् न, if it be urged
that the text ‘I peruse the Ṛg-veda’ is a proof, no,
it is not so). अथ चेद्, but if
[cf. नेद्।]
Macdonell
English
चेद् cá‿id, pcl. (never beg. sentence or halfverse) 🞄and (V.)
when (V.)
also, even, with 🞄api (E.)
if (the apodosis commonly has tad, 🞄tatas, tadā, tarhi, or atha)
atha ced, but 🞄if
na or no ced, if not, elliptical = if it were 🞄not so, otherwise
cen na, if —, not (apodosis)
🞄iti cen na, if this is objected, it is 🞄not so.
Benfey
English
चेद् चेद्, i. e. च-इद्, a particle.
1. Even, MBh. 1, 2403.
2. If, Man.
7, 25.
3. With preceding नो it forms
usually a short sentence, which must
be completed by the preceding words,
e. g. भवता मौनव्रतेन स्थातव्यम्
नो चेत् तव काष्ठात् पातो भविष्यति,
You must be silent, if not you will fall
from the stick, Pañc. 76, 20.
4. With
preceding न sometimes, That not,
Rām. 5, 80, 24.
5. With preceding इति
and following न, viz. इति चेन् न, a com-
mon form of concluding an opponent's
objection, and proceeding to answer it.
-- Cf. probably वै꣡।
Apte Hindi
Hindi
चेद्
अव्य* - -
"यदि, बशर्ते कि, यद्यपि"
चेद्
अव्य* - -
यदि
Lanman
English
céd, adv. never at beg. of sentence, clause,
or half-verse. if
apodosis, if it follows,
marked by tad (37^4), tatas (52^5), or not
marked (32^21, etc.), or marked by na, if
negative (18^9)
na ced, if not, 52^8
no ced,
forms a shortened but complete clause, and if
not, 27^17. [ca + íd, 1133^5: see ca 7.]
Capeller
German
चे॑द् (aus च u. इद्॑) und, auch
wenn, oft
nach इति elliptisch wenn so, in diesem
Falle
न चेद् (चेन्न) oder नो चेद्
wenn nicht, beides oft elliptisch = sonst.
pleon. auch यदि चेद् = चेद्.
Grassman
German
céd, aus ca und íd zusammengezogen: wenn [vgl. ca IV.], das Verb wird betont: {588, 4} ví 〰 uchánti
{688, 5} arthínas yánti 〰 ártham
{935, 3} íti 〰 ávocan.
Stchoupak
French
चेद्
conj. (jamais au commencement de la phrase) si, au cas où
अथ
चेद् mais si
न चेद्, नो चेद् sinon, si ne...pas, pourvu que ne...pas, afin
que ne...pas
यदि चेद् = चेद्।