चङ्क्रम (caGkrama)
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Shabdartha Kaustubha
Kannadaचङ्क्रम
पदविभागः - > पुल्लिङ्गः
कन्नडार्थः - > ಗಮನ /ನಡಗೆ
चङ्क्रम
पदविभागः - > पुल्लिङ्गः
कन्नडार्थः - > ಓಡಾಟ /ತಿರುಗಾಟ
निष्पत्तिः - > क्रमु (पादविक्षेपे) + यङ् - "घञ्" (३-३-१८) । उपधावृद्धिर्न (७-३-३४)
प्रयोगाः - > "जानुभिः करसरोजसहायैः चङ्क्रमं -----"
उल्लेखाः - > चं० भा० १-७४
चङ्क्रम
पदविभागः - > पुल्लिङ्गः
कन्नडार्थः - > ಭ್ರಮಣ /ಸುತ್ತುವುದು
प्रयोगाः - > "वितत्यवात्यामयचक्रचङ्क्रमान्"
उल्लेखाः - > नैष० १-७३
Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid
Englishcaṅkrama, m. and (less regularly) nt. (= Pali caṅkama
to caṅkramati),
(1) act of walking, in purely physical sense: vivṛtaḥ śobhate ārya āsana-sthāna-caṅkrame LV 〔157.15〕 (vs), when uncovered (unveiled), a noble person shines (is distinguished) in sitting, standing, and walking
these are three of the (usually four) modes of physical behavior (the fourth being lying down), see s.v. īryāpatha 4
AsP 〔520.13〕
RP 〔45.18〕
cognate acc. °maṃ caṅkramyate or °mati, see (4) below
(2) walking, wandering, as an occupation or mode of life: in Karmav 〔104.14〕 one of the daśa guṇāḥ paiṇḍapātikatve, ten advantages in the mendicantʼs life, is, caṅkramo 'sya upārjito bhavati, he has acquired (a life of) walking, wandering about
(3) place of walking, promenade (in the sense of ground where walking is done): of walks in groves or parks (secular), ekaikaṃ caṅkrama-varaṃ … kalpayatha Mv 〔ii.18.16〕 (vs), Śuddhodana says, adorn (or with mss. kalpayama, let us adorn) every excellent promenade (in the Lumbinī grove, in preparation for Māyāʼs visit)
gṛha-dhana-dhānyaśayana-vasanaṃ caṅkramodyānāni cānekaśo yācanakebhyo nisṛṣṭāni LV 〔318.5〕 (prose), … promenades and parks were bestowed on beggars many times
(4) especially, promenade, terrace, place for walking (often rendered cloister), for monks or Buddhas or other ascetics
sometimes associated with places for ‘standing, sitting, lying down’, the other īryāpatha, see mg. (1) above: samyaksaṃbuddhānāṃ adhiṣṭhitāni caṅkramā niṣadyāni śayyāni Mv 〔ii.163.18〕
teṣāṃ bhikṣūṇāṃ sthānāni caṅkramāṇi niṣadyāni śayyāni Mv 〔iii.420.15〕
teṣu ca caṅkrameṣu niṣadyāsv āsaneṣu ca Gv 〔518.7〕 (places)
oftener associated [Page222-a] with a vihāra (from which it seems that one climbed or mounted to the caṅkrama, cf. Pali Therag. 〔271〕 … vihārā upanikkhamiṃ, caṅkamam abhirūhanto
so frequently abhi-ruh- occurs in BHS with this word): araṇyavāsi (loc.
v.l. °se) tiṣṭhanto caṅkrame (WT °mam with Ḱ) abhiruhya ca SP 〔335.5〕 (vs)
ārāmāś caṅkramā dattāḥ (to Buddha and his monks) 〔341.13〕 (vs)
ye keci bhikṣū sugatasya śāsane, abhiyuktarūpā sthita caṅkrameṣu 〔365.5〕 (vs)
(yasmiṃś ca … grāme vā nagare vā …) janapadapradeśe vā caṅkrame vā vihāre vā ayaṃ Lalitavistaro … pracariṣyati LV 〔442.11〕
bhikṣŭṇāṃ saptaratnacitān vihārān kārayām āsa maṇi-caṅkramān (prob. Karmadh., not Bhvr.) … RP 〔56.13〕
in Mv 〔i.318.10〕 text, bhagavato Kāśyapasya caṅkrama-ṣaṣṭiḥ, for which Senartʼs note suggests caṅkrama-bhūmiḥ (violent em.!), but mss. kraṃkrame (or kraṃkame) ṣa°
possibly read caṅkrame yaṣṭiḥ, stick (pole, flagstaff?) in Kʼs promenade
(vihārān …) ārāmān ramaṇīyāṃś ca caṅkrama-sthāna-śobhitān SP 〔334.9〕 (vs
ca°-sthāna, place of promenade, substantially = caṅkrama?)
(vihārāḥ … bhikṣusahasrāvāsā ārāmapuṣpopaśobhitāś) caṅkramavanopetāḥ SP 〔339.3〕, … provided with promenades and groves
of a brahmanical ascetic, atha Brahmaprabho māṇavako 'nyatarasmin pradeśe kuṭīṃ kārayitvā caṅkramaṃ (a walking-ground, in the wilds) pratiṣṭhāpya sattvānām arthāya tapas taptavān Divy 〔477.17—19〕
(Bhagavataś) caṅkrame dattaḥ (sc. pradīpaḥ) Divy 〔90.3〕, a lamp was given to the Lord on his promenade (i.e. the place of exercise? or on his walk, to mg. 1 ?)
loc. or acc., followed by form of the cognate verb, bhagavāṃś cāsya nātidūre caṅkrame caṅkramyate Av 〔i.183.1〕
ānando bahir vihārasyābhyavakāśe caṅkrame caṅkramyate 〔228.9〕
(Buddha speaks) yan nūnāhaṃ pauruṣamātraṃ vaihāyasam antarīkṣe dīrghaṃ caṅkramaṃ caṅkrameyaṃ Mv 〔iii.114.12—13〕, which he does in 15, dī° ca° caṅkramati aspṛśanto pādatalehi bhūmiyaṃ
in a dream the Bodhisattva sees himself, tathāgato … saṃbodhim anabhisaṃbuddho mahato mīḍhaparvatasya uparim anupalipyamāno caṅkramaṃ caṅkrame (aor.) Mv 〔ii.137.11—12〕 and 〔139.7—8〕
the long (-continued) promenade (cf. Mv 〔iii.114.12—13〕 above) seems to have been a special spiritual exercise, to which exceptional importance is attached, and the cognate accus. in the following may be partly a noun of action, tho it seems rarely if ever completely separate from the place-designation
the Buddha, in the 2d or 3d week after enlightenment, (dvitīye) saptāhe tathāgato dīrghacaṅkramaṃ caṅkramyate sma LV 〔377.4〕, (tṛtīyaṃ) saptāhaṃ prītisukhena dīrghaṃ caṅkramaṃ caṅkrame (aor.) Mv 〔iii.281.12〕
(Buddha, vihārāto nirgamya … smitaṃ prāduṣkaritvā) dīrghaṃ caṅkramaṃ caṅkrame (aor.) Mv 〔i.317.(7—)9〕
without use of the word dīrgha, the like is presented in SP, with emphasis on spiritual results: (the Bodhisattva Sarvasattvapriyadarśana) dvādaśa varṣasahasrāṇi caṅkramābhirūḍho (Tib. ḥchag pa la zhugs śiṅ, having begun, undertaken, a walk) 'bhūn mahāvīryārambheṇa yogābhiyukto 'bhūt SP 〔405.13〕, followed by reference to this in 〔408.14〕 (vs), spoken by the Bodhisattva S., ayaṃ mamā caṅkrama rāja śreṣṭha yasmin mayā sthitva samādhi labdhaḥ
similarly, yadā ca sa dharmabhāṇako 'smin dharmaparyāye cintāyogam anuyuktaś caṅkramābhirūḍho bhaviṣyati, tadāhaṃ … tasya dharmabhāṇakasya caṅkrama-kuṭīm (Tib. ḥchag paḥi, = caṅkrama, gnas, = place, esp. abode, habitation
cf. kuṭīṃ and caṅkramaṃ together in Divy 〔477.17—19〕 above) upasaṃkramiṣyāmi (I will go to his promenade-hut which perhaps might be in a vihāra, but in any case must be the place where he rested during his caṅkrama with its long-continued attendant spiritual exercises) … asya dharmaparyāyasyārakṣāya SP 〔474.11—475.2〕
ye … ekaviṃśatidivasāni caṅkramābhirūḍhā abhiyuktā bhaviṣyanti, teṣām ahaṃ … ekaviṃśatime divase teṣāṃ dharmabhāṇakānāṃ caṅkramam āgamiṣyāmy … SP 〔476.3—5〕 [Page222-b] (note here the evident reference to caṅkrama as a definite place!)
in Kv caṅkramaṇa, q.v., is used in the same local sense, but twice followed by caṅkrama in this same sense: tato vimānān niṣkramya svaka-svakāni caṅkramaṇāni pratyudgatāḥ (sc. Bodhisattvāḥ), caṅkramecaṅkrame … (follows description of their physical beauties and decorations) Kv 〔65.1—2〕
(pious kiṃnaras) ṣaṭpāramitāsāṃkathya(ṃ) kṛtvā svaka-svakāni caṅkramaṇāni caṅkramanti (cf. cognate verb with caṅkrama, above)
kecit suvarṇamayāś caṅkramā(s) teṣu caṅkrameṣu sāmantakeṣu kalpavṛkṣāḥ, etc. Kv 〔66.6—7〕.
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