कोसल
kosala
†कोसल
m.
N.
of
a
country,
pl.
its
people,
f.
आ
its
capital
(Ayodhyā).
N.
of
the
capital
of
that
country
or
Ayodhyā
(the
modern
Oude),
L.
कोसल
m.
N.
of
the
country
of
Kosala,
R.
i,
5,
5
कोसल
m.
pl.
(in
later
texts
generally,
spelt
कोशल),
N.
of
a
country
and
the
warrior-tribe
inhabiting
it
(descendants
of
Māṭhavya
Videgha,
ŚBr.
i),
Pāṇ.
4-1,
171;
MBh.
&c.
(कोशलानां
[v.l.
कौशल्°,
R.
vi,
86,
43]
नक्षत्र
N.
of
a
lunar
mansion,
R.
(ed.
Bomb.)
vi,
103,
35)
कोसल
kosala,
m.
N.
of
a
country:
pl
its
people;
ā,
f.
capital
of
Kosala,
i.
e.
Ayodhyā;
-jā,
f.
in
Kosala,
ep.
of
Rāma's
mother;
-videhá,
m.
pl.
the
Kosalas
and
the
Videhas.
कोसल,
also
कोशल
कोशल,
I.
m.
The
name
of
a
country
and
its
inhabitants,
Rām.
1,
5,
5;
MBh.
6,
347.
II.
f.
ला,
A
name
of
its
capital,
Ayodhyā,
MBh.
3,
8152.
Kosala
=
Ṛtuparṇa:
III,
2897
(so
B.,
C.
has
Kauśalaḥ).
Kosala
(C.
Kośº),
pl.
(āḥ),
a
people.
§
273
(Rājasūyārambhap.):
II,
14,
591
(pūrvāḥ,
fled
before
Jarāsandha).-§
276
(Jarāsandhavadhap.):
II,
20,
795
(pūrvāṃś
ca
Kośalān,
only
B.,
C.
has
pūrvāṃ
ca
Kośalāṃ).--§
280
(Bhīmasena):
II,
30,
1077
(uttarān,
vanquished
by
Bhīmasena
on
his
digvijaya).--§
281
(Sahadeva):
II,
31,
1117
(prākKºān
nṛpān,
so
C.,
B.
has
Prākoṭakān
nṛpān,
vanquished
by
Sahadeva
on
his
digvijaya).--§
347
(Nalopākhyānap.):
III,
61,
2319
(only
B.,
C.
has
Kośalāṃ).--§
574
(Jambūkh.):
VI,
9,
347.--§
578
(Bhīshmavadhap.):
VI,
51,
2105
(in
the
army
of
Duryodhana).--§
589
(Droṇābhishekap.):
VII,
11,
397
(Kāśi-Kºān,
have
formerly
been
vanquished
by
Kṛshṇa,
C.
has
-Kauśº).--§
592
(Saṃśaptakavadhap.):
VII,
21,
877
(Matsya-Karūsha-Kºāḥ,
attack
Droṇa);
24,
1052
(have
sided
with
Yudhishṭhira).--§
593
(Abhimanyuvadhap.):
VII,
47,
1879
(ºānām
adhipaḥ,
i.e.
Bṛhadbala),
1881
(ºānāṃ
bhartāraṃ-B.
adhipaṃ--rājaputraṃ
Bṛhadbalaṃ).--§
599
(Jayadrathavadhap.):
VII,
125,
5069
(Kāśi-Kºāḥ,
attack
Droṇa).-§
600
(Ghaṭotkacavadhap.):
VII,
156,
6779
(Cedi-KarūshaKºāḥ,
follow
Arjuna
against
Droṇa).--§
604
(Karṇap.):
VIII,
5,
110
(ºānām
adhipatiḥ,
i.e.
Bṛhadbala
has
been
slain
by
Abhimanyu,
C.
has
by
error
Kailāsānām);
8,
236
(KāśiKºān,
had
been
vanquished
by
Karṇa
for
Duryodhana).-§
605
(do.):
VIII,
12,
459
(in
the
army
of
Yudhishṭhira);
22,
864
(attack
Dhṛshṭadyumna).--§
607
(do.):
VIII,
44,
2084
(know
the
eternal
religion,
dharmaṃ);
45,
2105
(prekshitajñāḥ).--§
608
(do.):
VIII,
49,
2334
(Kāśi-Kºāḥ,
attack
Karṇa);
54,
2564
(are
slain
by
Arjuna).--§
619
(Strīvilāpap.):
XI,
25,
715
(ºānām
adhipatiṃ
Bṛhadbalaṃ).
--§
641
(Rājadh.):
XII,
82,
3060
(ºānām
ādhipatyaṃ,
ruled
by
Kshemadarśin).--§
744
(Ānuśāsanik.):
XIII,
44,
2441
(had
been
vanquished
by
Bhīshma
at
the
svayaṃvara
of
Ambā,
etc.).--§
785
(Anugītap.):
XIV,
82,
2464
(Puṇḍrān
sa-Kºān);
83,
2469
(vanquished
by
Arjuna
when
he
followed
the
sacrificial
horse).
Cf.
Kausalya,
pl.
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कोसल«word7»↶P415R↷KOSALA
.1)
General
information.
A
wealthy
and
prosperous
country
on
the
banks
of
the
river
sarayū.
ayodhyā
was
the
Capital
of
this
kingdom.
This
city
was
built
by
manu,
the
father
of
ikṣvāku.
This
city
was
twelve
yojanas
long
with
a
breadth
of
three
yojanas.
It
is
understood
from
vālmīki
rāmāyaṇa,
Bālakāṇḍa,
sarga
5
that
during
the
time
of
daśaratha
this
city
was
modified
to
such
an
extent
as
to
be
on
a
par
with
any
modern
city.2)
Other
details.
(1)
Bhīmasena
once
conquered
uttara
kosala
(north
kosala).
(M.B.
Sabhā
Parva,
Chapter
30).(2)
sahadeva
during
his
regional
conquest,
subdued
Dakṣiṇa
kosala
(South
kosala).
(M.B.
Sabhā
Parva,
Chapter
31,
Stanza
12).(3)
śrī
kṛṣṇa
once
conquered
the
country
of
kosala.
(M.B.
droṇa
parva,
Chapter
21,
Stanza
15).(4)
abhimanyu,
the
son
of
arjuna,
killed
the
King
of
kosala
in
the
battle
of
bhārata.(5)
karṇa
once
conquered
this
country
for
duryodhana.
(M.B.
karṇa
Parva,
Chapter
8,
Stanza
19).(6)
During
the
time
of
the
battle
of
bhārata
a
King
named
kṣemadarśī
ruled
over
kosala.
(M.B.
śānti
Parva,
Chapter
82,
Stanza
6).(7)
At
the
time
of
the
svayaṁvara
(marriage)
of
ambā,
bhīṣma
defeated
the
King
of
kosala.
(M.B.
anuśāsana
parva,
Chapter
44,
Stanza
38).(8)
arjuna
who
led
the
horse
for
sacrifice
conquered
the
country
of
kosala.
(M.B.
aśvamedha
Parva,
Chapter
83).(9)
Those
who
bathe
in
the
holy
bath
of
ṛṣabha
tīrtha
in
kosala,
will
obtain
the
fruits
of
giving
one
thousand
cows
as
alms.
(M.B.
Vana
Parva,
Chapter
85,
Stanza
10).
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कोसल
२«word6»↶P415R↷KOSALA
II
.
One
of
the
wrestlers
of
kaṁsa.
The
famous
wrestlers
of
kaṁsa
were
cāṇūra,
muṣṭika,
kūṭa,
śala,
kosala
and
others.
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कोसल
१«word5»↶P415R↷KOSALA
I
.
The
King
and
the
people
of
the
country
of
kosala
are
called
by
the
name
kosala.
a.vei_120a{text-decoration:none;}:target{background:
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::::
↶1:190↷Kosala
is
the
name
of
a
people
not
occurring
in
the
earliest
Vedic
literature.
In
the
story
of
the
spread
of
Āryan
culture
told
in
the
Śatapatha
brāhmaṇa,1
the
kosala-Videhas,
as
the
offspring
of
videgha
māthava,
appear
as
falling
later
than
the
kuru-Pañcālas
under
the
influence
of
Brahminism.
The
same
passage
gives
the
sadānīrā
as
the
boundary
of
the
two
peoples
--kosala
and
videha.
Elsewhere2
the
kausalya,
or
kosala
king,
para
āṭṇāra
hairaṇyanābha,
is
described
as
having
performed
the
great
aśvamedha,
or
horse
sacrifice.
Connexion
with
kāśi
and
videha
appears
also
from
a
passage
of
the
śāṅkhāyana
śrauta
sūtra.3
Weber4
points
out
that
Āśvalāyana,
who
was
very
probably
a
descendant
of
aśvala,
the
hotṛ
priest
of
videha,
is
called
a
kosala
in
the
praśna
upaniṣad.5
The
later
distinction
of
North
and
South
kosala
is
unknown
to
both
Vedic
and
Buddhist
literature.6kosala
lay
to
the
north-east
of
the
Ganges,
and
corresponded
roughly
to
the
modern
Oudh.Foot
notes↑
i.
4,
1,
1
et
seq.
↑
Śatapatha
brāhmaṇa,
xiii.
5,
4,
4.
Cf.
hiraṇya-nābha,
a
rājaputra,
in
praśna
upaniṣad,
iii.
2,
and
śāṅkhāyana
śrauta
sūtra,
xvi.
9,
13,
as
a
kausalya,
while
ibid.,
11,
Para
is
styled
vaideha.
↑
xvi.
29,
5.
↑
Indische
Studien,
1,
182,
441.
↑
vi.
1.
↑
Oldenberg,
Buddha,
393,
n.Cf.
von
Schroeder,
Indiens
Literatur
und
Cultur,
167;
Eggeling,
Sacred
Books
of
the
East,
12,
xlii;
Weber,
Indian
Literature,
39,
132
et
seq.;
Macdonell,
Sanskrit
Literature,
213-215;
Rhys
Davids,
Buddhist
India,
25.
कोसल
पु०
ब०
व०
।
कुस—अलच्
।
देशभेदे
।
तेऽभिजनोऽस्य
तेषां
राजा
वा
ष्यञ्
।
कौसल्य
पित्रादिक्रमेण
तद्देशवासिनि
बहुषु
तस्य
लुक्
कोसलाः
।
कोशलशब्दे
विवृतिः
।
कोसलदेशश्च
द्विविधः
पूर्व्वोत्तरभेदात्
“कोसलाधिपतिं
चैव
तथा
वेण्वातटाधिपम्
।
कान्तारकांश्च
समरे
तथा
प्राक्कोसलान्नृपान्”
मा०
स०
३०
अ०
“दक्षिणाये
च
पाञ्चालाः
पूर्व्वाः
कुन्तिषु
कोसलाः”
१३
अ०
उत्तरकोस-
लास्तु
कोशलशब्दे
।
र्निताः
कोसल
m.
N.
eines
Landes
u.
(Pl.)
eines
Volkes.
f.
आ
N.
der
Hauptstadt
der
Kosala.
कोसल-
m.
pl.
n.
d'un
pays
de
l'Inde
du
Nord
et
du
peuple
guerrier
qui
l'habite
(le
Kosala
du
Nord
=
Oudh,
le
Kosala
du
Sud
=
Khattisgarh)
;
कोसलानां
नक्षत्र-
n.
d'une
constellation
du
zodiac
;
-आ-
f.
capitale
du
Kosala
(Ayodhyā).
कोसलेन्द्र-
m.
roi
des
K.,
Daçaratha.