कोसल

kosala

Capeller Eng

†कोसल

m.

N.

of

a

country,

pl.

its

people,

f.

its

capital

(Ayodhyā).

Monier Williams Cologne

N.

of

the

capital

of

that

country

or

Ayodhyā

(the

modern

Oude),

L.

कोसल

m.

N.

of

the

country

of

Kosala,

R.

i,

5,

5

कोसल

m.

pl.

(in

later

texts

generally,

spelt

कोशल),

N.

of

a

country

and

the

warrior-tribe

inhabiting

it

(descendants

of

Māṭhavya

Videgha,

ŚBr.

i),

Pāṇ.

4-1,

171;

MBh.

&c.

(कोशलानां

[v.l.

कौशल्°,

R.

vi,

86,

43]

नक्षत्र

N.

of

a

lunar

mansion,

R.

(ed.

Bomb.)

vi,

103,

35)

Macdonell

कोसल

kosala,

m.

N.

of

a

country:

pl

its

people;

ā,

f.

capital

of

Kosala,

i.

e.

Ayodhyā;

-jā,

f.

in

Kosala,

ep.

of

Rāma's

mother;

-videhá,

m.

pl.

the

Kosalas

and

the

Videhas.

Benfey

कोसल,

also

कोशल

कोशल,

I.

m.

The

name

of

a

country

and

its

inhabitants,

Rām.

1,

5,

5;

MBh.

6,

347.

II.

f.

ला,

A

name

of

its

capital,

Ayodhyā,

MBh.

3,

8152.

Mahabharata

Kosala

=

Ṛtuparṇa:

III,

2897

(so

B.,

C.

has

Kauśalaḥ).

Kosala

(C.

Kośº),

pl.

(āḥ),

a

people.

§

273

(Rājasūyārambhap.):

II,

14,

591

(pūrvāḥ,

fled

before

Jarāsandha).-§

276

(Jarāsandhavadhap.):

II,

20,

795

(pūrvāṃś

ca

Kośalān,

only

B.,

C.

has

pūrvāṃ

ca

Kośalāṃ).--§

280

(Bhīmasena):

II,

30,

1077

(uttarān,

vanquished

by

Bhīmasena

on

his

digvijaya).--§

281

(Sahadeva):

II,

31,

1117

(prākKºān

nṛpān,

so

C.,

B.

has

Prākoṭakān

nṛpān,

vanquished

by

Sahadeva

on

his

digvijaya).--§

347

(Nalopākhyānap.):

III,

61,

2319

(only

B.,

C.

has

Kośalāṃ).--§

574

(Jambūkh.):

VI,

9,

347.--§

578

(Bhīshmavadhap.):

VI,

51,

2105

(in

the

army

of

Duryodhana).--§

589

(Droṇābhishekap.):

VII,

11,

397

(Kāśi-Kºān,

have

formerly

been

vanquished

by

Kṛshṇa,

C.

has

-Kauśº).--§

592

(Saṃśaptakavadhap.):

VII,

21,

877

(Matsya-Karūsha-Kºāḥ,

attack

Droṇa);

24,

1052

(have

sided

with

Yudhishṭhira).--§

593

(Abhimanyuvadhap.):

VII,

47,

1879

(ºānām

adhipaḥ,

i.e.

Bṛhadbala),

1881

(ºānāṃ

bhartāraṃ-B.

adhipaṃ--rājaputraṃ

Bṛhadbalaṃ).--§

599

(Jayadrathavadhap.):

VII,

125,

5069

(Kāśi-Kºāḥ,

attack

Droṇa).-§

600

(Ghaṭotkacavadhap.):

VII,

156,

6779

(Cedi-KarūshaKºāḥ,

follow

Arjuna

against

Droṇa).--§

604

(Karṇap.):

VIII,

5,

110

(ºānām

adhipatiḥ,

i.e.

Bṛhadbala

has

been

slain

by

Abhimanyu,

C.

has

by

error

Kailāsānām);

8,

236

(KāśiKºān,

had

been

vanquished

by

Karṇa

for

Duryodhana).-§

605

(do.):

VIII,

12,

459

(in

the

army

of

Yudhishṭhira);

22,

864

(attack

Dhṛshṭadyumna).--§

607

(do.):

VIII,

44,

2084

(know

the

eternal

religion,

dharmaṃ);

45,

2105

(prekshitajñāḥ).--§

608

(do.):

VIII,

49,

2334

(Kāśi-Kºāḥ,

attack

Karṇa);

54,

2564

(are

slain

by

Arjuna).--§

619

(Strīvilāpap.):

XI,

25,

715

(ºānām

adhipatiṃ

Bṛhadbalaṃ).

--§

641

(Rājadh.):

XII,

82,

3060

(ºānām

ādhipatyaṃ,

ruled

by

Kshemadarśin).--§

744

(Ānuśāsanik.):

XIII,

44,

2441

(had

been

vanquished

by

Bhīshma

at

the

svayaṃvara

of

Ambā,

etc.).--§

785

(Anugītap.):

XIV,

82,

2464

(Puṇḍrān

sa-Kºān);

83,

2469

(vanquished

by

Arjuna

when

he

followed

the

sacrificial

horse).

Cf.

Kausalya,

pl.

Purana

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कोसल«word7»↶P415R↷KOSALA

.1)

General

information.

A

wealthy

and

prosperous

country

on

the

banks

of

the

river

sarayū.

ayodhyā

was

the

Capital

of

this

kingdom.

This

city

was

built

by

manu,

the

father

of

ikṣvāku.

This

city

was

twelve

yojanas

long

with

a

breadth

of

three

yojanas.

It

is

understood

from

vālmīki

rāmāyaṇa,

Bālakāṇḍa,

sarga

5

that

during

the

time

of

daśaratha

this

city

was

modified

to

such

an

extent

as

to

be

on

a

par

with

any

modern

city.2)

Other

details.

(1)

Bhīmasena

once

conquered

uttara

kosala

(north

kosala).

(M.B.

Sabhā

Parva,

Chapter

30).(2)

sahadeva

during

his

regional

conquest,

subdued

Dakṣiṇa

kosala

(South

kosala).

(M.B.

Sabhā

Parva,

Chapter

31,

Stanza

12).(3)

śrī

kṛṣṇa

once

conquered

the

country

of

kosala.

(M.B.

droṇa

parva,

Chapter

21,

Stanza

15).(4)

abhimanyu,

the

son

of

arjuna,

killed

the

King

of

kosala

in

the

battle

of

bhārata.(5)

karṇa

once

conquered

this

country

for

duryodhana.

(M.B.

karṇa

Parva,

Chapter

8,

Stanza

19).(6)

During

the

time

of

the

battle

of

bhārata

a

King

named

kṣemadarśī

ruled

over

kosala.

(M.B.

śānti

Parva,

Chapter

82,

Stanza

6).(7)

At

the

time

of

the

svayaṁvara

(marriage)

of

ambā,

bhīṣma

defeated

the

King

of

kosala.

(M.B.

anuśāsana

parva,

Chapter

44,

Stanza

38).(8)

arjuna

who

led

the

horse

for

sacrifice

conquered

the

country

of

kosala.

(M.B.

aśvamedha

Parva,

Chapter

83).(9)

Those

who

bathe

in

the

holy

bath

of

ṛṣabha

tīrtha

in

kosala,

will

obtain

the

fruits

of

giving

one

thousand

cows

as

alms.

(M.B.

Vana

Parva,

Chapter

85,

Stanza

10).

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कोसल

२«word6»↶P415R↷KOSALA

II

.

One

of

the

wrestlers

of

kaṁsa.

The

famous

wrestlers

of

kaṁsa

were

cāṇūra,

muṣṭika,

kūṭa,

śala,

kosala

and

others.

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कोसल

१«word5»↶P415R↷KOSALA

I

.

The

King

and

the

people

of

the

country

of

kosala

are

called

by

the

name

kosala.

Vedic Reference

a.vei_120a{text-decoration:none;}:target{background:

#ccc;border:solid

1px

#aaa;}«pada3»

::::

↶1:190↷Kosala

is

the

name

of

a

people

not

occurring

in

the

earliest

Vedic

literature.

In

the

story

of

the

spread

of

Āryan

culture

told

in

the

Śatapatha

brāhmaṇa,1

the

kosala-Videhas,

as

the

offspring

of

videgha

māthava,

appear

as

falling

later

than

the

kuru-Pañcālas

under

the

influence

of

Brahminism.

The

same

passage

gives

the

sadānīrā

as

the

boundary

of

the

two

peoples

--kosala

and

videha.

Elsewhere2

the

kausalya,

or

kosala

king,

para

āṭṇāra

hairaṇyanābha,

is

described

as

having

performed

the

great

aśvamedha,

or

horse

sacrifice.

Connexion

with

kāśi

and

videha

appears

also

from

a

passage

of

the

śāṅkhāyana

śrauta

sūtra.3

Weber4

points

out

that

Āśvalāyana,

who

was

very

probably

a

descendant

of

aśvala,

the

hotṛ

priest

of

videha,

is

called

a

kosala

in

the

praśna

upaniṣad.5

The

later

distinction

of

North

and

South

kosala

is

unknown

to

both

Vedic

and

Buddhist

literature.6kosala

lay

to

the

north-east

of

the

Ganges,

and

corresponded

roughly

to

the

modern

Oudh.Foot

notes↑

i.

4,

1,

1

et

seq.

Śatapatha

brāhmaṇa,

xiii.

5,

4,

4.

Cf.

hiraṇya-nābha,

a

rājaputra,

in

praśna

upaniṣad,

iii.

2,

and

śāṅkhāyana

śrauta

sūtra,

xvi.

9,

13,

as

a

kausalya,

while

ibid.,

11,

Para

is

styled

vaideha.

xvi.

29,

5.

Indische

Studien,

1,

182,

441.

vi.

1.

Oldenberg,

Buddha,

393,

n.Cf.

von

Schroeder,

Indiens

Literatur

und

Cultur,

167;

Eggeling,

Sacred

Books

of

the

East,

12,

xlii;

Weber,

Indian

Literature,

39,

132

et

seq.;

Macdonell,

Sanskrit

Literature,

213-215;

Rhys

Davids,

Buddhist

India,

25.

Vachaspatyam

कोसल

पु०

ब०

व०

कुस—अलच्

देशभेदे

तेऽभिजनोऽस्य

तेषां

राजा

वा

ष्यञ्

कौसल्य

पित्रादिक्रमेण

तद्देशवासिनि

बहुषु

तस्य

लुक्

कोसलाः

कोशलशब्दे

विवृतिः

कोसलदेशश्च

द्विविधः

पूर्व्वोत्तरभेदात्

“कोसलाधिपतिं

चैव

तथा

वेण्वातटाधिपम्

कान्तारकांश्च

समरे

तथा

प्राक्कोसलान्नृपान्”

मा०

स०

३०

अ०

“दक्षिणाये

पाञ्चालाः

पूर्व्वाः

कुन्तिषु

कोसलाः”

१३

अ०

उत्तरकोस-

लास्तु

कोशलशब्दे

र्निताः

Capeller Germany

कोसल

m.

N.

eines

Landes

u.

(Pl.)

eines

Volkes.

f.

N.

der

Hauptstadt

der

Kosala.

Stchoupak French

कोसल-

m.

pl.

n.

d'un

pays

de

l'Inde

du

Nord

et

du

peuple

guerrier

qui

l'habite

(le

Kosala

du

Nord

=

Oudh,

le

Kosala

du

Sud

=

Khattisgarh)

;

कोसलानां

नक्षत्र-

n.

d'une

constellation

du

zodiac

;

-आ-

f.

capitale

du

Kosala

(Ayodhyā).

कोसलेन्द्र-

m.

roi

des

K.,

Daçaratha.