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अष्टावक्र (aSTAvakra)

 
Apte
English
अष्टावक्रः [aṣṭāvakrḥ], [अष्टकृत्वः अष्टसु भागेषु वा वक्रः]
N.
 of a celebrated Brāhmaṇa son of the great sage Kahoḍa. [Kahoḍa married a daughter of his preceptor Uddālaka, but he was so devoted to study that he generally neglected her. When once she was far advanced in pregnancy, the unborn son was provoked at his father's neglect of her and rebuked him for his absorption in study to the neglect even of his wife. The sage was very angry at this impertinence and condemned him to be born crooked
so he came forth with his eight (aṣṭa) limbs crooked (vakra)
whence his name
यस्मात्कुक्षौ वर्तमानो ब्रवीषि तस्माद्वको भवितास्यष्टकृत्वः
Mb.
 when Kahoḍa was drowned into a river as the result of a wager in a dispute with a Buddhist, young Aṣṭavakra defeated the sage and delivered his father, who, being pleased, directed his son to bathe into the Samaṅgā river, on doing which the lad became perfectly straight, See
Mb.
 Adhyāyas 132-34 of the Vanaparvan. ]
Apte 1890
English
अष्टावक्रः [अष्टकृत्वः अष्टसु भागेषु वा वक्रः] N. of a celebrated Brāhmaṇa, son of the great sage Kahoḍa. [Kahoḍa married a daughter of his preceptor Uddālaka, but he was so devoted to study that he generally neglected her. When once she was far advanced in pregnancy, the unborn son was provoked at his father's neglect of her and rebuked him for his absorption in study to the neglect even of his wife. The sage was very angry at this impertinence and condemned him to be born crooked
so he came forth with his eight (ashṭa) limbs crooked (vakra)
whence his name
यस्मात्कुक्षौ वर्तमानो ब्रवीषि तस्माद्वक्रो भवितास्यष्टकृत्वः Mb. When Kahoḍa was drowned into a river as the result of a wager in a dispute with a Buddhist, young Ashṭāvakra defeated the sage and delivered his father, who, being pleased, directed his son to bathe into the Samaṅgā river, on doing which the lad became perfectly straight].
Monier Williams Cologne
English
अष्टा—वक्र
m.
N.
 of a Brāhman (a son of Kahoḍa),
MBh.
 iii, 10599 seqq.
&c.
of another man,
Kathās.
Macdonell
English
अष्टावक्र aṣṭā-vakra,
m.
 N..
Hindi
Hindi
विकृत ऋषि (आठ स्थानों पर) के नाम
Shabdartha Kaustubha
Kannada
अष्टावक्र
पदविभागः - > पुल्लिङ्गः
कन्नडार्थः - > ಕಹೋಡ ಋಷಿಯ ಮಗ
व्युत्पत्तिः - > अष्टसु भागेषु वक्रः
विस्तारः - > "उपालब्धः शिष्यमध्ये महर्षिः स तं कोपादुदरस्थं शशाप । यस्मात् कुक्षौ वर्तमानो ब्रवीषि तस्माद्वक्रो भवितास्यष्टकृत्वः ।" - भा० वन०
Aufrecht Catalogus Catalogorum
English
+अष्टावक्र
Upadeśavyākhyā (?). B. 4, 46.
अष्टावक्र
Pūraṇavyākhyā on Mānavagṛhyasūtra. Bühler 538.
Mahabharata
English
Ashṭāvakra^1, a ṛshi. § 11 (Parvas.): I, 2, 449 (viprarshiḥ). --§ 412 (Ashṭāvakrīya): III, 132, 10599 (Kahodasūnuḥ), †10601, †10603, †10608, †10613, †10614, †10620: Cursed by Kahoda
Śvetaketu informed him who his father was
they both go to the sacrifice of Janaka). 133, (†10623), (†10626), (†10629), (10631), (†10637), (†10643), (10645), (10647), (10648): A. defeats Bandin. 134, (†10651), †10657, (†10659), (†10661), (†10663), (10665), (†10667), (†10669), (†10670), †10671, †10672, (†10673), (†10676), (10680), †10681, (†10688): Defeated by A., Bandin was merged into the sea
Kahoda let A. bathe in the river Samaṅga, at which all his limbs were immediately made straight.--§ 731 (Ashṭāvakra-Dik-s.): XIII, 19, 1390 (Ashṭāvakrasya saṃvādaṃ Diśayā saha), 1391, 1395, (1406), 1417, (1454), (1469): A. asked for Suprabhā and made a journey to the north. 20, (1496), (1498), (1500), (1505), (1508): Here the goddess of the north put him upon a trial. 21, 1513, 1521 (viprashe), 1529: A. came back to his own hermitage, was wedded to Suprabhā, and continued to dwell in his own hermitage.
Ashṭāvakra^2, a tīrtha. § 733 (Ānuśāsan.): XIII, 25, 1727: Bhīshma mentioned the profit of bathing in A., etc.
पुराणम्
English
अष्टावक्र / AṢṬĀVAKRA .1) Birth. The sage uddālaka had a disciple named khagodara (Kahodara) and a daughter named Sujāṭā. Appreciating the devotion and good conduct of his disciple, uddālaka gave his daughter sujātā in marriage to him. sujātā became pregnant. When once khagodara was reciting from the Vedas the babe in the womb of sujātā said, “I have learnt the mantra you are chanting but the way you chant it is wrong”. (The vibrations of sound created by the utterance of each word is important). khagodara was angry and he cursed his babe in the womb thus “Since your mind seems to be crooked let your body also be of that type, with curves all over”. When sujātā delivered the child it had eight bends and light curves and so the boy was named aṣṭāvakra, meaning one with eight bends. (Chapter 132, Vana Parva, M.B.).2) Father died before he was born. When sujātā was pregnant they suffered much from poverty and at the insistence of sujātā, khagodara went to the King janaka, to beg for some money. janaka was performing a yāga then and so khagodara had to wait. When at last he went to the royal assembly he was asked to enter into a polemical contest with vāndīna, the court scholar and having been defeated by him was asked to drown himself.
uddālaka got a son named śvetaketu and sujātā delivered aṣṭāvakra. Both the boys grew in the āśrama on great intimacy and sujātā withheld the news of the death of her husband from the boys. (Chapter 132, Vana Parva, M.B.).3) How khagodara was got back. One day the two boys went to bathe in the river and during a controversial talk śvetaketu said that aṣṭāvakra had no father. This teased him much and aṣṭāvakra went to his mother and gathered all the facts about his father. He went, then, straight to the royal assembly of King janaka. He was not allowed inside. The gate keeper said that he was only a boy and only learned men could go inside the sacrificial hall. aṣṭāvakra contended that neither size nor age was any indication of one's knowledge or worth and got himself admitted into the hall. There he entered into a polemical contest with the same court scholar, vāndīna, who had killed his father. vāndīna was defeated and was thrown into the same river in which his father had drowned himself. The moment vāndīna fell into the river khagodara rose up from there and the father and son along with śvetaketu returned to the āśrama. khagodara then took his son for a bath and when it was over aṣṭāvakra became a bright boy without crooks. (Chapter 133, Vana Parva, M.B.)4) marriage. aṣṭāvakra wanted to marry suprabhā, the daughter of a sage named vadānya. When vadānya was approached for this the Sage decided to test the love which aṣṭāvakra had towards his daughter and said: “I am going to test you. You go to the north to the Himālayas. Pay homage to śiva and pārvatī and go further north. There you will find a very beautiful damsel. You talk to her and return and when you come back I shall give you my daughter.”
Accepting this challenge aṣṭāvakra went north. When he went to the Himālayas kubera entertained him. He remained there for a year enjoying the dances of celestial maidens and then, after worshipping śiva and pārvatī went further north. There he came across seven very attractive women. At the command of aṣṭāvakra the eldest of the lot, uttarā, remained with him
all the rest left the place immediately she started making love with him and requested him to marry her. But aṣṭāvakra did not yield and told her about his promise to vadānya. Pleased at this reply uttarā revealed that she was the queen of the north in disguise and was testing him. She then blessed aṣṭāvakra who fulfilling his mission successfully, returned and married the girl he wanted. (Chapter 19, anuśāsana parva, M.B.).5) Another version of how the body became crooked. There is another story also about aṣṭāvakra. Once there lived a sage named asita. He did great penance to please śiva to bless him with a child. śiva blessed him and he got a son named devala. rambhā, the queen of devaloka, fell in love with him but devala did not yield to her wishes. Then rambhā cursed him and made him into one with eight crooks. Thus devala came to be called aṣṭāvakra. He then did penance for six thousand years and Bhagavān kṛṣṇa accompanied by rādhā appeared before him. rādhā was shocked by the ugliness of the sage and did not relish his sight. But kṛṣṇa asking her to remain quiet went and embraced him. At once aṣṭāvakra lost all his crooks and became a beautiful man. At that time a chariot descended from heaven and all of them went to heaven in it. (Brahmavaivartta purāṇa).6) Other information. (1) aṣṭāvakra was also present among the ṛṣis who partook in the coronation ceremony conducted after Rāma's return to ayodhyā from laṅkā. (Uttararāmāyaṇa).(2) aṣṭāvakra cursed those. celestial maidens who rebuked him for his ugliness and they were born on earth as the wives of śrī kṛṣṇa. When after the death of kṛṣṇa they were being taken by arjuna to the north they were forcibly taken by some of the shepherds. (Chapter 15, agni purāṇa).
वाचस्पत्यम्
Sanskrit
अष्टावक्र
पु०
 अष्टकृत्वोवक्रः वृत्तौ संख्या सुजर्थपरा पृ० दीर्धः ।ऋषिभेदे स च उद्दालकशिष्यकहोष्टपुत्रः । तदुत्पत्तिकथा भा०ब० १३२ अ० । “उद्दालकस्य नियतः शिष्य एको नान्नाकहोड इति विश्रुतोऽभूत् । शुश्रूषुराचार्य्यवशानुवर्त्ती दीर्घंकालं सोऽध्ययनञ्चकार । तं वै विप्रः पर्य्यचरत् स शिष्य-स्ताञ्च ज्ञात्वा परिचर्य्यां गुरुः सः । तस्मै प्रादात् सद्यएव श्रुतञ्च भार्य्याञ्च वै दुहितरं स्वां सुजाताम् । तस्यांगर्भः समभवदग्निकल्पः सोऽधीयानं पितरञ्चाप्युवाच ।सर्व्वां रात्रिमध्ययनं करोषि नेदं पितः सम्यगिवोपव-र्त्तते । वेदान् साङ्गान् सर्व्वशास्त्रैरुपेतानधीतवानस्मितव प्रसादात् । इहैव गर्भे तेन पितर्ब्रवीमि नेदं त्वत्तःसम्यगिवोपवर्त्तते । उपालब्धः शिष्यमध्ये महर्षिः स तंकोपादुदरस्थं शशाप । यस्मात् कुक्षौ वर्त्तभानो ब्रवीषितस्माद्वक्रो भविताऽस्यष्टकृत्वः । स वै तथा वक्र एवाभ्य-जायदष्टावक्रः प्रथितो वै महर्षिः” । सचाष्टावक्रसंहिताकारी