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अभिनिधान (abhinidhAna)

 
Apte
English
अभिनिधानम् [abhinidhānam], 1 Putting on, setting up.
Euphonic, suppression, weakening in the pronunciation of words, especially the supression of an initial अ after ए or ओ
cf.
 अवग्रह.
Apte 1890
English
अभिनिधानं 1 Putting on, setting up.
2 Euphonic suppression, weakening in the pronunciation of words, especially the suppression of an initial अ after ए or ओ
cf. अवग्रह.
Monier Williams Cologne
English
अभि-नि-धान
n.
 placing upon,
KātyŚr.
अभि-नि-धान
m.
 [APrāt. &
TPrāt.
 ] or
n.
 [RPrāt. ] ‘touching’ or close contact (of letters in pronunciation, especially in the cases where initial अ is suppressed after ए and ओ).
Monier Williams 1872
English
अभिनिधान अभि-निधान, अम्, n. putting
on
an euphonic suppression or weakening (in the
pronunciation of words), especially the suppression of
an initial अ after ए, ओ।
Goldstucker
English
अभिनिधान Tatpur. n. (-नम्)
^1 Placing over, putting over
e. g. Kātyāy. Śrautas.: आयुरसीत्युत्तरयाज्यस्थालीं संस्पृश्य पु-
रूरवा इत्यभिनिधानं तया
(comm. उत्तरारण्या अधरारणे-
रुपरि निधानं करोति).
^2 (In the Prātiśakhyas) Suppression
or weakening of a sound with regard to, or on account
of, scil. the influence of a preceding or following sound
[the qualification ‘with regard to’ or ‘on account of’ seems
to be implied by the prefix अभि], viz.
a. the suppression
of the vowel अ through the influence of a preceding ओ or
ए (comp. अभिनिहित)
e. g. in गाहमानोऽदयः of the word
अदयः, or in वालेऽवत of the word अवत
b. the sup-
pression or weakening of the sound or of the vibration of
the voice which naturally follows the pronunciation of a
consonant, if such a consonant is followed by, and has made
sandhi with, another consonant
according to the Ṛgv.
Prātiś., such a sound or the vibration of the voice is sup-
pressed, if the consonant is surd (क, च &c.)
it is weakened,
if the consonant is sonant (ग, ज &c.) and the sound which
remains, after such weakening is called ध्रुव (q. v.). This
suppression or weakening of the vibration of the voice,
however, takes place only under the following restrictions:
1. in the pronunciation of a स्पर्श or अन्तःस्था (except र्),
if it is followed by a स्पर्श
e. g. in अर्वाग्देवः or in उल्काम्
2. of a स्पर्श, if it stands in a pause
e. g. in वाक्
3. of an
अन्तःस्था, if it is followed by another similar अन्तःस्था
e. g. in तव्वंँः
4 of ल्, if it is followed by an ऊष्मन्
e. g.
in शतवल्शः
5. of क् in अक्ख्यत्
6. of प् in विरप्सी
7. of
a स्पर्श except म् (i. e. क् till भ्), if it is followed by य्,
र्, व् or an ऊष्मन्
e. g. in यद्यत्, तद्रासभः, यान्वः, अर्वा-
क्शफौ
(the latter cases 4-7. only in the theory of the Śā-
kalas). These general rules are subject to exceptions and
restrictions, and even as such they are not universally re-
cognized
Śaunaka, for instance, says, that Vyāĺi does not
recognize the अभिनिधान, in general, and admits of it only
when the following consonant is doubled or if a vowel or
र् precede.--The Vājas. Prātiś. uses instead of the term
अभिनिधान the explanation स्थानकरणविमोक्षः ‘giving up
the characteristics of a consonant, viz. the organic dis-
tinction and the distinction with regard to the effort of pro-
nunciation’
(comp. the list in Pāṇ. I. 1. 9. where करण
answers the प्रयत्न
and see Weber's ed. of this Prātiś. Ind.
Stud. IV. p. 127), but applies it merely to the स्पर्श at the
end of a word, if it is followed by another word, and in
a pause.--The Atharvav. Prātiś. (quoted by Weber 1. c.,
where the masc. अभिनिधानः seems to be an error of the
Berlin Ms.) admits the अभिनिधान only 1. of a स्पर्श, if it
is followed by a स्पर्श, 2. of a स्पर्श at the end of a word or
at an अवग्रह, 3. of ल् before an ऊष्मन्, 4 of ङ्, ण, न,
before ह्. Śākalya, in the cases 4-7. mentioned above, and
the Atharvav. Prātiś. in its enumeration do not consider
two consonants, the first of which suffers the abhinidhāna,
as संयुक्त or combined consonants (Śaunaka: असंयुक्तं शा-
कलम्
Atharvav. Pr.: अतोऽन्यत्संयुक्तम् ‘संयुक्त is a com-
bination of consonants other than that in the preceding
cases’)
i. e. they assume such a stoppage of the voice as
to prevent two consonants to sound together
but Śaunaka
does not seem to go so far, for he quotes Śākalya apparently
for the sake of recording his dissent from the opinion of
the latter. The distinction is probably owing to the dif-
ference in the observation, by the different grammarians,
of the phenomena of pronunciation
the supposition of Mr.
Regnier (Journ. Asiat. 1857, p. 230), that there is a twofold
abhinidhāna, the one applying to the consonantic groups
which are the natural effect of the sandhi, the other to such
groups as are produced by the krama, is very ingenious,
but does not necessarily follow from the text of this Prātiś.
(I. 1. 6. and 7.)
for similar differences of opinion in the theory
on the pronunciation of consonantic groups, arising ob-
viously from different observations, may be gathered also
from the Sūtras of Pāṇini. [In the preceding explanation
the term स्पर्श comprises the 25 consonants क-ङ, च-ञ,
ट-ण, त-न and प-म
the term ऊष्मन् (q. v.) the sibi-
lants ह, श, ष, स
and the semivowels य, र, ल, व are
termed अन्तःस्था, because their position in the system of
the vaidik gramm. is between the स्पर्श and ऊष्मन्
(s. v.
अन्तःस्था p. 117a, 1. 49 the words ‘vowels and consonants’
are a mistake for ‘स्पर्श and ऊष्मन्’).] E. धा with नि and
अभि, kṛt aff. ल्युट्.
Shabdartha Kaustubha
Kannada
अभिनिधान
पदविभागः - > नपुंसकलिङ्गः
कन्नडार्थः - > ಅಭಿಮುಖವಾಗಿ ಇಡುವುದು
निष्पत्तिः - > अभि + नि + डुधाञ् (धारणे) - "ल्युट्" (३-३-११५)
Abhyankara Grammar
English
अभिनिधान lit. that which is placed near or before
the first of the doubled class consonants
a mute or sparṣa conso- nant arising from doubling and inserted before a mute
cf. अघो- षादूष्मणः परः प्रथमः अभिनिधानः स्पर्शपरात्तस्य सस्थानः ( T. Pr. XIV. 9. ) explain- ed by त्रिभाष्यरत्न as स्पर्शपरादघोषादूष्मणः परः प्रथम आगमस्तस्य स्पर्शस्य समानस्थानः अभिनिधानो भवति । अभिनिधीयते इत्यभि- निधानः आरोपणीयः इत्यर्थः । यथा यः क्कामयेत अश्मन्नूर्जम् । यः प्पाप्मना । The Ṛk. prātiśākhya explains the term अभिनिधान somewhat differently
cf. अभिनिधानं कृतसंहितानां स्पर्शन्ति:स्थानामपवाद्य रेफम् । संघारणं संवरणं श्रुतेश्च स्पर्शोदयानामपि चावसाने R. Pr. VI. 5, explained by उव्वट as स्पर्शपराणां स्पर्शानां रेफं वर्जयित्वा अन्तःस्थानां च वर्णानां कृतसंहितानां च सतां संधारणं वर्णश्रुतेश्च संवरणं भवति । तदेतद् अभि- निधानं नाम । यथा उष मा षड् द्वा द्वा । ऋ. सं ८।६८।१४ इह षड् इत्यत्र अभिनिधानम् ॥ अभिनिघान possibly according to उव्वट here means the first of the doubled letter which, although the second letter is attached to it, is separately uttered with a slight pause after it. अभिनिधान means, in short, something like 'suppression.' The Ṛk. Tantra takes a still wider view and explains अभिनिधान as the first of a doubled consonant, cf
अभिनिधानः । क्रमजं च पूर्वान्ततस्वरं भवति । R. T. 21.
वाचस्पत्यम्
Sanskrit
अभिनिधान अभि + धा--भावे ल्युट् । १ आभिमुख्येन स्थापने ।“संस्पृश्यं पुरूरवा इत्यभिनिधानतया” कात्या० ५, १, ३१ ।
Burnouf
French
अभिनिधान अभिनिधान
n.
 (धा) dépression ou
diminution euphonique de la valeur propre d'une lettre, tg.