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अक्षण (akSaNa)

 
Apte
English
अक्षण [akṣaṇa],
a.
 [नास्ति क्षणो योग्यकालो यस्य] Inopportune. unseasonable.
Apte 1890
English
अक्षण a. [नास्ति क्षणो योग्यकालो यस्य] Inopportune, unseasonable.
Monier Williams Cologne
English
अ-क्षण
mfn.
 inopportune.
Monier Williams 1872
English
अक्षण अ-क्षण, अस्, आ, अम्, inopportune.
Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid
English
akṣaṇa, m. or nt. (= Pali akkhaṇa), inopportune birth, birth under such circumstances that one cannot learn from a Buddha. There are eight such in Pali, DN 〔iii.287.12 ff.〕
AN 〔iv.225.19 ff.〕 (9 in DN 〔iii.263.31 ff.〕), viz.: (at a time when a Buddha is living) one is born (1) in a hell, (2) as an animal, (3) as a preta, (4) as one of the ‘long-lived gods’, (5) in border countries or barbarian regions, (6) with perverted, heretical mentality, (7) dull, stupid, incapable of distinguishing the gospel from what is inconsistent with it
or (8) he is born capable of profiting from the gospel but at a time when no Buddha exists to teach it. (DN 〔iii.263 ff.〕 adds as 9th, after 〔No. 3〕, birth as an asura.) These same 8, transposing 6 and 7, are briefly listed Mvy 〔2299—2306〕: (1) narakāḥ, (2) tiryañcaḥ, (3) pretāḥ, (4) dīrghāyuṣo devāḥ, (5) pratyantajanapadam, (6) indriyavaikalyam, (7) mithyādarśanam, (8) tathāgatānām anutpādaḥ. In Dharmas 〔134 No. 5〕 is put before 4, otherwise 1—7 as in Mvy, but 8 (obviously by a secondary change) is wholly different: (1) narakopapattis, (2) tiryagupapattir, (3) yamalokopapattiḥ, (4) pratyantajanapadopapattir, (5) dīrghāyuṣadevopapattir, (6) indriyavikalatā, (7) mithyādṛṣṭiś, (8) cittotpādavirāgitatā (seems to be a different version of 6, which corresponds to Pali 7, while 8 of the others is omitted). As opposed to these there is only one kṣaṇa, opportune birth
see s.v. Eight akṣaṇa Mv 〔ii.363.3〕
LV 〔412.14〕
Śikṣ 〔2.4〕
〔114.14〕
Gv 〔116.16〕
Suv 〔41.13〕. The word never means misfortune in general, but only unfavorable birth, and in most cases clearly in just the sense described above. So Śikṣ 〔147.14〕 akṣaṇagatiṃ na gacchaty anyatra sattvaparipākāt, (a Bodhisattva) is not born in an inopportune birth, except to mature creatures (the transl. misunderstands)
LV 〔278.22〕 akṣaṇāni pithitāny abhūvan, and 〔279.19〕 akṣaṇāḥ pithitāḥ, are explained by Gv 〔112.19〕 sarvākṣaṇadvārakapāṭāni pithayiṣyati (or with text [Page003-a] pithapayiṣ°, see Chap. 43, s.v.) he will close the door-panels (opening into) all the inopportune births. The akṣaṇa are śodhita, purified, LV 〔53.6〕
〔357.5〕, or made śūnya, empty, LV 〔358.13〕. Others: LV 〔12.3〕
〔34.22〕
〔275.21〕
〔327.13〕
〔364.7〕
Mv 〔ii.358.5〕
〔371.12〕
〔392.5〕 = Śikṣ 〔306.1〕
Av 〔i.291.12〕
RP 〔35.19〕
Śikṣ 〔69.5〕
Sukh 〔23.9〕
Gv 〔54.9〕 (preta-tiryaṅnarakākṣaṇe-gatāḥ)
cf. Lévi, Sūtrāl. 〔17.26〕. On SP 〔163.8〕 akṣaṇāḥ saṃvṛtā cf. Senartʼs note Mv 〔i.405 f.〕
it is (as Senart says) certainly secondary, the original being aghā(ḥ) aghasaṃvṛtā(ḥ), miseries, surrounded by miseries (in apposition with lokāntarikā, q.v., sc. narakāḥ or nirayāḥ)
akṣaṇāḥ in SP was, in my opinion as in Senartʼs (if I understand him), a noun and a near-synonym of aghā(ḥ), (constituting) unfavorable births, see agha (2). Perhaps akṣaṇasaṃvṛtā(ḥ) was originally read after it(?). In Dbh.g. 〔7(343).4〕 read probably akṣaṇāḥ for text akṣalāḥ: sarve ti pāpapatitā 'kṣalāḥ (text) prabhonti.
Kridanta Forms
Sanskrit
अक्ष् (अ꣡क्षूँ꣡ व्याप्तौ - भ्वादिः - वेट्)
ल्युट् = अक्षणम्
अनीयर् = अक्षणीयः - अक्षणीया
ण्वुल् = अक्षकः - अक्षिका
तुमुँन् = अक्षितुम् / अष्टुम्
तव्य = अक्षितव्यः / अष्टव्यः - अक्षितव्या / अष्टव्या
तृच् = अक्षिता / अष्टा - अक्षित्री / अष्ट्री
क्त्वा = अक्षित्वा / अष्ट्वा
ल्यप् = प्राक्ष्य
क्तवतुँ = अष्टवान् - अष्टवती
क्त = अष्टः - अष्टा
शतृँ = अक्ष्णुवन् / अक्षन् - अक्ष्णुवती / अक्षन्ती
Schmidt Nachtrage zum Sanskrit Worterbuch
German
अक्षण m. n. °Unzeit, Sperre, Kauṭ. 146, 2. 10. Vgl. J. J. Meyer, S. 233, Anm. 2.
Sanskrit Tibetan
Tibetan
mi khom pa
अक्षण
Burnouf
French
अक्षण अक्षण a. (क्षण) inopportun, à contre-temps
inopiné
calamiteux.