शप् (zap)

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शब्दसागरः

English

 शप् r. 1st cl. (शपति-ते) r. 4th cl. (शप्यति-ते)
	 1. To revile,  to wish evi-
imprecations on,  to curse.
	 2. To take an oath,  to swear
 in this
sense शप् sometimes governs a cognate accusative
 but gener-
ally it takes the accusative of the person to whom a promise is
made,  and the instrumental of the object by which it is made
when used intransitively it governs the dative of the object or
person,  by which the oath is taken. 
	 3. To blame.

 शप् Ind. A particle and prefix of assent or acceptance,  as शप्करोति he accepts.

Capeller Eng

English

 शप् श॑पति श॑प°ते (शप्यति),  pp.
   शप्त॑ (q.v. ) &
शपित curse,  execrate,  revile,  scold,  blame
 M.
  (A. ) curse one's self
if,  i.e.
  assert with an oath that not (यदि),  swear by (instr.  ), 
conjure (acc.  or dat.
  )
 implore,  entreat for (acc. ) by (instr.  ). C.
 
शापयति cause to swear,  conjure by (instr.  ). — अभि curse,  blame, 
accuse
 C.
  conjure. परि curse,  blame,  revile. प्रति curse in
return.  सम् curse.

Yates

English

 शप् (य,  ञ) शप्यति,  ते 4.
c. To revile
curse,  swear. Also शपति,  ते 1.
c.

 शप् A particle and prefix of as-
sent or acceptance.

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Wilson

English

 शप् ind. A particle and prefix of assent or acceptance,  as
शप्करोति he accepts.

Apte

English

शप् [śap],  A technical term used by Pāṇini for the conjugational sign अ inserted between the root and the terminations of the conjugational tenses in the first class of roots.

शप् [śap],  ind.
  A particle and prefix implying assent or compliance.

शप् [śap],  1,  4 U.
  (शपति-ते,  शप्यति-ते,  शप्त)

To curse,  execrate
 अशपद् भव मानुषीति ताम् R.*
  8.8
 सो$भूत् परासुरथ भूमिपतिं शशाप (वृद्धः) 9.78
1.77.

To swear,  take an oath,  promise by oath,  say on oath,  (usually with dat.
  of the person to whom a promise &c.
  is made and instr.
  of the object by which it is made)
 भरतेनात्मना चाहं शपे ते मनुजाधिप । यथा नान्येन तुष्येयमृते रामविवासनात् ॥ Rām. 
 when used without an object it generally governs the instr.
  of the thing and dat.
  of the person by which or whom the oath is taken
 सत्यं शपामि ते पादपङ्कजस्पर्शेन K.
 Gha&ttod.22
 अशप्त निह्नुवाना$सौ सीतायै स्मरमोहितः Bk.*
  8.74
 प्रेम जिज्ञासमानाभ्यस्ताभ्यो$शप्सत कामिनः 8.33
 sometimes शप् governs a cognate accusative
 सहस्रशो$सौ शपथानशप्यत् Bk.*
  3.32
 Ms.*
  8.11.

To blame,  scold,  revile,  abuse (with dat.
  or by itself)
 द्विषद्भ्यश्चा- शपंस्तथा Bk.*
  17.4
 प्रतिवाचमदत्त केशवः शपमानाय न चेदिभूभुजे Śi.*
  16.25. Caus.
   (शापयति-ते)

To bind by an oath,  conjure
 शापितो$सि गोब्राह्मणकाम्यया Mk.*
  3
 शापितासि मम लवाङ्गकावलोकितयोश्च जीवितेन यदि वाचा न कथयसि M&amar
l.8.

To cause any one (acc. ) to swear by (instr. )
 सत्येन शापयेद्विप्रं क्षत्रियं वाहनायुधैः Ms.*
  8.113.

Apte 1890

English

 शप् A technical term used by Pāṇini for the conjugational sign अ inserted between the root and the terminations of the conjugational tenses in the first class of roots. 

 शप् ind. A particle and prefix implying assent or compliance. 

 शप् {c1c} {c4c} U. (शपति-ते,  शप्यति-ते,  शप्त) 1 To curse,  execrate
 अशपद्भव मानुषीति तां R. 8. 80
 सोऽभूत्परासुरथ भूमिपतिं शशाप (वृद्धः) 9. 78,  1. 77. 
2 To swear,  take an oath,  promise by oath,  say on oath,  (usually with dat. of the person to whom a promise &c. is made and instr. of the object by which it is made)
 भरतेनात्पना चाहं शपे ते मनुजाधिप । यथा नान्येन तुष्येयमृते रामविवासनात् Rām
 when used without an object it generally governs the instr. of the thing and dat. of the person by which or whom the oath is taken
 सत्यं शपामि ने पादपंकजस्पर्शेन K.
 Ghaṭ. 22
 अशप्त निह्नुवानाऽसौ सीतायै स्मरमोहितः Bk. 8. 74
 प्रेम जिज्ञासमानाब्यस्ताब्योऽशप्सत कामिनः 8. 33
 sometimes शप् governs a cognate accusative सहत्रशोऽसौ शपथानशप्यत् Bk. 3. 32. 
3 To blame,  scold,  revile,  abuse (with dat or by itself)
 द्विषद्भ्यश्चाशपस्तया Bk. 17. 4. प्रतिवाचमदत्त केशवः शपमानाय न चेदिभूभुजे Śi. 16 25. 
Caus. (शापयति-ते) To bind by an oath,  conjure
 शापितोऽसि गोब्राह्मणकाम्यया Mk. 3
 शापितासि मम लवंगिकावलोकितयोश्व जीवितेन यदि वाचा न कथयसि Māl. 8. 

Monier Williams Cologne

English

 1. शप् (in gram.
  ) a technical term used for the Vikaraṇa a (inserted between the root and terminations of the conjugational tenses in verbs of the 1st class
 See वि-करण,  p.
  954).

 2. शप् ind.
  a prefix implying assent or acceptance (as in शप्-करोति,  he admits or accepts),  W.
 

 3. शप् cl.
  1. 4. Ā. P.
  (Dhātup.   xxiii,  31
 xxvi,  59) शपति,  °ते or शप्यति,  °ते (the latter only in Bhaṭṭ.
 
 pf.  शशा॑प,  शेपे॑ aor.
  अशाप्सीत्,  अशप्त Gr.
  [2. pl.
  शाप्त in TS.
  prob. w.r.]
 fut. शप्ता,  ib.
 शप्स्यति,  °ते,  ib.
 शपिष्ये,  MBh.
  
 inf.
   शप्तुम् or शपितुम्,  ib.
 ind.
 p.
  शपित्वा,  ib.
 शप्त्वा Gr.
 ), 
to curse (mostly P.
  with acc.
  
 in AV.
   v,  30,  3 Ā. with dat.
 ),  RV.
   &c.
   &c.
  
 (P.  Ā.) to swear an oath,  utter an execration (sometimes with शपथम् or °थान्
 also with अनृतम्,  to swear a false oath),  RV.
   &c.
   &c.
  
 (P.  Ā.) to revile,  scold,  blame (acc.  ,  rarely dat.
 ),  Yājñ.
 
 Kāv.
 
 Pur.
 
 (Ā.
 mc.  also P.
 )
to curse one's self (followed by यदि,  ‘if’,  i.e. to promise with an oath,  vow or swear,  ‘that one will not’ &c.
  
 or followed by dat.
  and rarely acc.
   of the person to whom and instr. of the object by which one swears
 or followed by इति,  e.g. वरुणेति,  ‘to swear by the name of Varuṇa’,  VS.
 ),  RV.
   &c.
   &c.
  
 (Ā.) to adjure,  supplicate,  conjure any one (acc.  ) by (instr.),  R.
 
 Hariv.
  :
Caus.
  शापयति (aor.  अशीशपत्),  to adjure,  conjure,  exorcise (demons),  AV.
  
 AitBr.
  
to cause any one (acc.  ) to swear by (instr.),  Mn.
   viii,  113 (cf.   शापित) :
Desid.
  शिशप्सति,  °ते Gr.
 :
Intens.
  शाशप्यते,  शाशप्ति,  or शंशप्यते,  शंशप्ति,  ib.

Monier Williams 1872

English

 शप् 1. शप्,  a technical term,  used by Pā-
ṇini for the Vi-karaṇa अ,  inserted between the root
and terminations of the conjugational tenses in the
1st class,  &c. See वि-करण।

 शप् 2. शप्,  ind. a particle and prefix im-
plying assent or acceptance,  as in शप्-करोति,  he
admits or accepts.

 शप् 3. शप्,  cl. 1. 4. P. A. शपति,  -ते, 
शप्यति,  -ते,  शशाप,  शेपे,  शप्स्यति,  -ते, 
अशाप्सीत्,  अशप्त,  शप्तुम् (according to some per-
haps originally ‘to cry aloud’),  to curse,  imprecate
evil,  execrate
 to revile,  scold,  blame (with dat.)
to take an oath,  swear,  promise or asseverate by
oath: Caus. शापयति,  -यितुम्,  Aor. अशीशपत्,  to
cause or order to swear (with inst. of object by which
one is sworn)
 to conjure: Desid. शिशप्सति,  -ते: In-
tens. शाशप्यते (according to Vopa-deva XX. 8. also
शंशप्यते),  शाशप्ति
 [cf. perhaps Gr. κόμπος.]

Macdonell

English

 शप् ŚAP,  Ⅰ. śápa,  curse (ac.,  gnly. P.)
 🞄scold,  abuse,  revile (ac.
 P. Ā.)
 Ā. (P. 🞄metr.) (curse oneself =) swear,  promise with 🞄an oath,  vow (to,  d.,  by,  in. )
 Ā. conjure any 🞄one (ac.,  d.
 E.): w. yadi,  (curse oneself if =) 🞄swear that not
 ánṛtam —,  swear a false 🞄oath (RV.,  Ā.)
 śapatham or śapathān —,  🞄utter an execration
 swear an oath: pp. 🞄śaptá,  cursed
 conjured (E.)
 śapita,  cursed
 🞄śaptavān,  = finite vb. (he) cursed
 cs. śāpaya,  🞄P. conjure,  exorcise (V.)
 cause to swear,  by 🞄(in. ): pp. śāpita,  caused to swear by (in. )
 🞄[Page307-3] 🞄conjured,  besought,  by (—°)
 made responsible 🞄for (—°). abhi,  curse: pp. cursed
 reviled
 🞄accused
 cs. conjure any one (ac.). 🞄sam,  curse any one (P.): pp. cursed.

 शप् ś-a-p,  suffix a of the present base (gr.).

Benfey

English

 शप् शप्,  i. 1 and 4,  Par. Ātm. 
(the original signification was probably
‘To cry aloud’), 
 1. To execrate,  to
curse. Man.  3. 58.
 2. With the dat.,  To
revile,  Bhaṭṭ. 8,  33.
 3. To swear,  Man. 
8,  110.
 4. To assure by an oath,  Rām. 
2,  11,  8. Caus.
 1. To cause to swear, 
Man.  8,  113 (with the instr. of the ob-
ject by which one is sworn).
 2. To con-
jure
 शपितासि जीवितेन,  You are conjured
by the life of,  Mālat. 129,  10. -- With the
prep. अभि अभि,  To execrate,  Rām.  2, 
41,  3. -- With परि परि,  The same, 
Bhaṭṭ. 4,  33. -- Cf.  probably κόμπος
 cf. 
the frequent. शंशप्।

Apte Hindi

Hindi

शप्
"भ्वा*  , ,  दिवा* उभ*,  ,  ,  " -  
"अभिशाप देना,  कोसना"

शप्
"भ्वा*  , ,  दिवा* उभ*,  ,  ,  " - -
"शपथ लेना,  कसम उठाना,  शपथपूर्वक प्रतिज्ञा करना,  सौगंध खाना"

शप्
"भ्वा*  , ,  दिवा* उभ*,  ,  ,  " - -
"कंलकित करना,  धमकाना,  बुरा-भला कहना,  गाली देना"

शप्
"भ्वा*,  प्रेर* ,  " - -
"शपथद्वारा बाँध लेना,  शपथपूर्वक प्रतिज्ञा करना                                                                                                                "

L R Vaidya

English

 Sap {% vt. or vi. 1U,  4U (pp. शप्त
 pres. शपति-ते,  शप्यति-ते) %} 1. To curse,  to imprecate,  न भविष्यति मत्प्रसूतिमनाराध्य प्रजेति त्वां शशाप सा R.i.77,  अशपद्भव मानुषीति ताम् R.viii.80,  ix.78
 2. to take an oath,  to swear,  to promise by oath,  भावानुरक्तवनितासुरतैः शपेयम् Ghat.22
 (in this sense,  शप् sometimes governs a cognate accusative,  e.g. नैतन्मतं मत्कमिति ब्रुवाणः सहस्रशोऽसौ शपथानशप्यत् Bt.iii.32
 but generally it takes the accusative of the person to whom a promise is made,  and the instrumental of the object by which it is made
 when used intransitively it governs the dative of the object or person by which the oath is taken,  प्रेमजिज्ञासमानाभ्यस्ताभ्योऽशप्सत Bt.viii.33
 3. to blame,  (with a dat.,  e.g. कृष्णाय शपे).

Bopp

Latin

 1. शप् 1. P. A.
1) A. jurare. MAN. 8. 110.: वशिष्ठश्चा ऽपि
शपथं शेपे पैयवने नृपे (Loc. pro Dat.)
 R. Schl.
II. 75. 40.: शपथैः कष्टैः शपमानम्…भरतम्…कौ-
शल्या वाक्यम् अब्रवीत्. Cum instr. rei vel pers. per
quam quis jurat. GHAT. 22.
 R. Schl. II. 21. 16.: सत्येन
धनुषाचै ऽव दत्तेने ऽष्टेन ते शपे
 II. 11. 8.: तेन रामेण
कैकेयि शपे ते वचनक्रियाम्
 34. 47. 48. 21. MAH. 1.
5178.
2) P. A. maledicere,  exsecrari. IN. 5. 48.: शशापा
ऽथ धनञ्जयम्
 N. 20. 34.: कुपिता मा ऽशपत्
 MAH. 1.
4583.: तस्मात् त्वाम् अप्य् अहं शपे
 3. 351.: पुत्रन्
ते शप्स्यते. -- Absol. R. Schl. I. 58. 8.: शेपुः परम-
सङ्क्रुद्धाश् चण्डालत्वङ् गमिष्यसि. -- Caus. शाप-
यामि jurare jubeo. MAN. 8. 113. (Fortasse शप् primi-
tive dicere,  loqui significavit,  cf. शब्द sonus,  quod for-
tasse e शप् + द dans
 hib. cubhais «an oath»,  cubhas
«a word,  a promise»,  cab «a mouth».)
c. अभि maledicere,  exsecrari. R. Schl. II. 49. 48.: त्वाम्
अभिशप्स्ये ऽहं सुदुःखम् अतिदारुणम्.

 2. शप् 4. P. A. i. q. 1. शप्.

Lanman

English

 √śap (śápati,  -te
 śaśā́pa,  śepé
 śapiṣyáte
śaptá
 śápitum
 śapitvā́).
	—1.
curse,  usually act.,  93^17
	—2. mid. (curse
one's self,  i. e.) assert with an oath,  swear, 
vow,  w. dat. of person,  97^7.

Kridanta Forms

Sanskrit

शप् (श॒पँ॑ आक्रोशे - भ्वादिः - अनिट्)
ल्युट् =  शपनम्
अनीयर् =  शपनीयः - शपनीया
ण्वुल् =  शापकः - शापिका
तुमुँन् =  शप्तुम्
तव्य =  शप्तव्यः - शप्तव्या
तृच् =  शप्ता - शप्त्री
क्त्वा =  शप्त्वा
ल्यप् =  प्रशप्य
क्तवतुँ =  शप्तवान् - शप्तवती
क्त =  शप्तः - शप्ता
शतृँ =  शपन् - शपन्ती
शानच् =  शपमानः - शपमाना

शप् (श॒पँ॑ आक्रोशे - दिवादिः - अनिट्)
ल्युट् =  शपनम्
अनीयर् =  शपनीयः - शपनीया
ण्वुल् =  शापकः - शापिका
तुमुँन् =  शप्तुम्
तव्य =  शप्तव्यः - शप्तव्या
तृच् =  शप्ता - शप्त्री
क्त्वा =  शप्त्वा
ल्यप् =  प्रशप्य
क्तवतुँ =  शप्तवान् - शप्तवती
क्त =  शप्तः - शप्ता
शतृँ =  शप्यन् - शप्यन्ती
शानच् =  शप्यमानः - शप्यमाना

धातुपाठः (Krishnacharya)

Sanskrit

धातुः:
  शप्
मूलधातुः:
   शप
धात्वर्थः:
  आक्रोशे
गणः:
  भ्वादिः
कर्मकत्वं:
  सकर्मकः
इट्त्वं:
  अनिट्
उपग्रहः:
  उभयपदी
रूपम्:
  शपति-ते

धातुः:
  शप्
मूलधातुः:
   शप
धात्वर्थः:
  आक्रोशे
गणः:
  दिवादिः
कर्मकत्वं:
  सकर्मकः
इट्त्वं:
  अनिट्
उपग्रहः:
  उभयपदी
रूपम्:
  शप्यति-ते

Abhyankara Grammar

English

शप्  a vikarana affix ( conjugational sign ) applied to roots of the first conjugation and in general to all secondary roots i. e. roots formed from nouns and from other roots before personal-endings which are Sarvadhatuka and which possess the sense of agent,  provided there is no other vikarana affix prescrib- ed: e. g. भवति,  एधते,  कारयति,  हारयति,  बुभूषति,  पुत्रीयति,  पुत्रकाम्यति,  कामयते,  गेीपांयति,  कण्ङ्कयति,  पटयति,  दिनन्ति (यामिन्य:) etc. cf. कर्तरि शप् ,  P. III.1 .68. This affix शप् is dropped after roots of the second conjugation (अदादि } and those of the third conjugation ( जुहोत्यादि) and in Vedic Literature wherever observed
 cf. P.II.4.72,  73,  75,  76.

Schmidt Nachtrage zum Sanskrit Worterbuch

German

 शप् mit अभि (mit einem Zauberspruch) beschwören,  Jātakam. 16,  9.

Wordnet

Sanskrit

Synonyms:
  शप्,  अनुशप्,  अभिशप्,  परिशप्,  अनुव्याहृ,  विड्
verb
 
अनिष्टफलदः वाचा शरीरस्पर्शनानुकूलः व्यापारः।
 "मुनिः क्रोधात् अशपत्।"

Synonyms:
  गर्ह्,  विगर्ह,  शप्,  अधिक्षिप्,  तर्जय,  निन्द्,  क्षिप्,  अभितर्जय,  आतर्जय,  अभिभर्त्सय,  अवगर्ह्,  उपालभ्,  परिभर्त्स्,  परिभर्त्सय,  समभितर्जय,  विनिन्द्,  तिरस्कृ,  संतर्जय,  सन्तर्जय,  अपध्वंस्,  उपक्रुश्,  उपकृ,  परिगर्ज्
verb
 
उच्चैः स्वरेण धिक्कारपूर्वकः सक्रोधं वाक्प्रबन्धानुकूलः व्यापारः।
 "सः सज्जनाय गर्हति।"

Synonyms:
  शप्,  अभिशप्,  शपथं कृ,  शपथं शप्,  शपथपूर्वं कथ्,  शपथपूर्वं वद्,  प्रतिज्ञा,  संशप्,  बिट्,  बिट्
verb
 
कार्याकार्यसम्बन्धी स्वनिश्चयरूपाभिप्रायस्य परत्राविष्करणनुकूलः व्यापारः।
 "भीष्मः अशपत् आजीवनं ब्रह्मचर्यव्रतम् आचरामि इति।"

Synonyms:
  शप्,  संशप्,  प्रतिज्ञा,  बिट्,  बिट्
verb
 
प्रतिज्ञाम् उच्चार्य यथा उक्तं तथा कार्यं करणार्थे निग्रहस्य वचनानुकूलः व्यापारः।
 "भीष्मः अशपत् आजीवनं ब्रह्मचर्यम् आचरिष्यामि अहम् इति।"

शब्दकल्पद्रुमः

Sanskrit

 शप्,  व्य,
   स्वीकारः । शप् करोति । इति सिद्धान्त-कौमुदी ॥

Capeller

German

 शप्,  श॑पति,  °ते (शप्यति)) fluchen,  schmähen, 
schelten (Acc.,  Med. meist Dat.)
 Med.
jemd. (Dat.) etw. beteuern,  geloben
schwören bei (Instr.),  यदि dass nicht
jemd. (Acc.) beschwören,  um etw. (Acc.)
flehen.  p. p. शप्त॑ verflucht (auch शपित), 
beschworen.  Caus. शापयति beschwören, 
schwören lassen bei (Instr.)
 p. p. शापित.
अभि verfluchen
 p. p. verflucht, 
geschmäht,  beschuldigt. Caus. be-
schwören.  प्रति jemd. wieder verfluchen. 

Grassman

German

 √śap,  1〉 fluchen
 2〉 verfluchen [A.]
 3〉 schwören [A.] (vgl. altn. hefna).
Stamm śápa:
-ātas [3. du. Co.] 1〉 yád mithunā́ 〰 {913, 13}.
Impf. áśapa:
-ata [2. p.] 2〉 〰 (tám) yás karásnam vas ādadé {161, 12}.
schwaches Perf. śep:
-pé [1. s.] 3〉 yád vā‿ahám abhidudróha yád vā 〰 utá‿ánṛtam {23, 22}
 {835, 8}.
Part. śápat:
-antam 1〉 {41, 8}.

Burnouf

French

 *शप् शप्। शपामि 1 et शप्यामि 4
[शपे et शप्ये]
 p. शशाप,  शेपे
 f2.
शप्स्यामि,  शप्स्ये
 a1. अशाप्सम्,  अशप्सि। Jurer,  prononcer
un serment: शेपे नृपे il jura au nom du roi
 धनुषा
शपे je jure par cet arc.
		 Maudire avec serment,  ac.
		 Promettre
avec serment: शपे ते वचनक्रियाम् je te jure d'exécuter ce
que je dis.

Stchoupak

French

 शप्-
 {%śapati -te 
 śaśāpa %} (शेपुः) {%śepe 
 śapiṣye 
 śapyate %}
{%śāpayati 
 śapta- śapita- śaptum %} शपितुम् शपित्वा -- maudire (acc.) 
prononcer une malédiction ou une imprécation 
 moy. (avec ou sans शपथम्, 
शपथान्) lancer une imprécation 
 moy. (act.) jurer,  prêter serment à
qq'un (rare,  acc. dat.) sur qq'un ou qqch. (instr.) 
 श्- यदि jurer qu'(on)
ne... 
 अनृतं श्। faire un faux serment 
 caus. faire jurer par (instr.) 
शपित- maudit 
 शप्त- id. 
 conjuré,  adjuré 
 nt. serment 
 -वन्त्- =
(qui) a maudit.

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