जरासन्ध (jarAsandha)
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शब्दसागरः
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Wilson
EnglishMonier Williams Cologne
EnglishApte Hindi
Hindiजरासन्धः
जरा-सन्धः -
"एक प्रसिद्ध राजा और योद्धा, बृहद्रथ का पुत्र "
Shabdartha Kaustubha
Kannadaजरासन्ध
पदविभागः - > पुल्लिङ्गः
कन्नडार्थः - > ಬೃಹದ್ರಥನ ಮಗನಾದ ಒಬ್ಬ ರಾಕ್ಷಸ
व्युत्पत्तिः - > जरया राक्षस्या सन्धा शरीरयोजनमस्य
Mahabharata
EnglishJarāsandha^1, king of the Māgadhas, son of Bṛhadratha. § 4 (Anukram.): I, 1, 129, †153 (Māgadhānāṃ varishṭhaṃ).-§ 130 (Aṃśāvat.): I, 67, 2640 (incarnation of the Asura Vipracitti).--§ 232 (Svayaṃvarap.): I, 186, 7003 (present at the svayaṃvara of Draupadī).--§ 233 (do.): I, 187, 7030. --§ 273 (Rājasūyārambhap.): II, 14, 571, 574, 576, 582, 588, 589, 593, 599, 602, 608, 610, 618, 626, 628, 631, 633 (J.'s great might, his allies
many peoples fled from fear of him
Kaṃsa married the daughters of J., Asti and Prāpti, who when he had been slain by Kṛshṇa, urged J. to attack the Yādavas, who fled from Mathurā to Dvārakā
J. worshipped Śiva
the defeated kings he kept enclosed in Girivraja). --§ 274 (do.): II, 15, 641, 651 (Bārhadrathaḥ), 653, 655, 658, 659 (kept the kings in the temple of Śiva in order to sacrifice them, and must be defeated that Yudhishṭhira might perform his rājasūya)
16, 662, 673.--§ 275 (do.): II, 17, 686, 687 (J.'s birth
the two wives of Bṛhadratha bore each one-half of a child
the Rākshasī Jarā united the two halves)
18, 739 (because he had been united (sandhitaḥ) by Jarā he was named J.)
19, 756, 757, 758, 760 (after the slaughter of Kaṃsa, J. hurled a mace toward Mathurā).--§ 276 (Jarāsandhavadhap.): II, 20, 768, 778, 791 (Kṛshṇa, Arjuna, and Bhīma set out for Girivraja to slay J.)
21, 808, 815, 818, 819, 821, 824, 829, 835, 837, 839 (receives Kṛshṇa, Arjuna, and Bhīma disguised as brahmans)
22, (854), 865, (880), 884, 888 (challenged to fight, J. installed his son Sahadeva as king)
23, 890, 892 (Māgadhaḥ), 893, 894, 897, 898, 923, 924 (engaged in a wrestling encounter with Bhīmasena)
24, 925, 927, 928, 929, 932 (Bhīmasena at last killed J.), 935 (description of his chariot), 950, 955, 969, 972 (kshīṇe), 975.--§ 289 (Arghāharaṇap.): II, 37, 1360 (had been slain by Kṛshṇa(!)).--§ 290 (Śiśupālavadhap.): II, 42, 1474, 1475, 1476, 1478 (all. to § 277)
44, 1529 (had been vanquished by Karṇa in a wrestling encounter and slain (?dehabhedañ ca lambhitaḥ, cf. XII, 132)).--§ 307 (Anudyūtap.): II, 81, 2706 (had been slain by Bhīmasena).-§ 315 (Maitreyaśāpa): III, 10, 371 (do.).--§ 317b (Kṛshṇa Vāsudeva): III, 12, 489 (had been slain by Kṛshṇa (!)).-§ 561 (Yānasandhip.): V, 51, 2055 (Māgadhendreṇa, had subdued the whole earth and had been slain by Bhīmasena).-§ 567 (Bhagavadyānap.): V, 130, 4411 (had been slain by Kṛshṇa(!)).--§ 588 (Bhīshmavadhap.): VI, 122, 5834 (could not vanquish Karṇa).--§ 589 (Droṇābhishekap.): VII, 11, 387 (Kaṃsaḥ…Jºena pālitaḥ), 393 (ºṃ…Janārdanaḥ …ghātayām āsa).--§ 600 (Ghaṭotkacavadhap.): VII, 180, †8210 (had been slain by Kṛshṇa (!))
181, 8213 (do.), 8217, 8220, 8224, 8225, 8227, 8228 (J. hurled a mace against Balarāma, who baffled it with his Sthūṇākarṇa weapon
the mace fell down on earth and slew the Rākshasī Jarā (who had united J.), together with her sons and relatives. Deprived of his mace, J. was afterwards slain by Bhīmasena).--§ 621 (Rājadh.): XII, 4, 113 (present at the svayaṃvara of the daughter of the Kaliṅga king Citrāṅgada)
5, 129 (rājā Māgadhaḥ, challenged Karṇa, who in a wrestling encounter vanquished him (?bibheda sandhiṃ dehasya Jarayā śleshitasya hi, v. 132)
J. then gave the town Mālinī to Karṇa).-§ 717b (Nārāyaṇīya): XII, 340, 12960 (Asuraḥ sphīto bhūmipālo Girivraje, incarnate as Kṛshṇa Nārāyaṇa will slay him).--§ 768b (Kṛshṇa Vāsudeva): XIII, 147, 6839 (Kṛshṇa will vanquish J. and liberate the imprisoned kings). --§ 788 (Āśramavāsap.): XV, 25, †668 (Magadhādhipasya sutā Jºa iti śrutasya, i.e. the wife of Sahadeva Pāṇḍava). Cf. Bārhadratha, Māgadha, Magadhādhipa, Magadhādhipati, Magadheśvara.
Jarāsandha^2, a son of Dhṛtarāshṭra. § 130 (Aṃśāvat.): I, 67, 2735.--§ 182 (Dhṛtarāshṭraputranāmak.): I, 117, 4548.
पुराणम्
Englishजरासन्ध १ / JARĀSANDHA I. A terrible King of magadha.1) Genealogy. Descended from viṣṇu in the following order:--brahmā-atri-candra-budha-purūravas-ĀyusNahuṣa-yayāti-pūru-janamejaya-prācinvān-PravīraNamasyu-vītabhaya-śuṇḍu-bahuvidha-Saṁyati-Rahovādi-raudrāśva-matināra-santurodha-DuṣyantaBharata-suhotra-suhotā-Gala-Garda-suketu-Bṛhatkṣeṭra-hasti-ajamīḍha-Ṛṣa-saṁvaraṇa-pūru-SudhanvāCyavana-kṛti-vasu-bṛhadratha-jarāsandha.2) Birth. jarāsandha was created by joining together two halves of a child, by a giantess called jarā, and so this child got the name jarāsandha. (For detailed story see under jarā).3) The first battle with śrī kṛṣṇa. Asti and prāpti, the two wives of kaṁsa, were daughters of jarāsandha. When śrī kṛṣṇa killed kaṁsa, the two daughters went to their father and shed tears before him. jarāsandha became angry and with a mighty army surrounded the city of mathurā. A fierce battle was fought between jarāsandha and kṛṣṇa. At last balabhadrarāma caught hold of jarāsandha and was about to kill him, when an ethereal voice said that balabhadrarāma was not the person to kill jarāsandha. Accordingly rāma and kṛṣṇa set jarāsandha free. (bhāgavata, skandha 10).4) Other information. (1) It is mentioned in bhāgavata, skandha 10, that jarāsandha was the teacher too, of kaṁsa.(2) jarāsandha had four sons, soma, sahadeva, Tūrya and Srutāśru of whom sahadeva became King of magadha, after the death of jarāsandha.(3) Mention is made in mahābhārata, Ādi Parva, Chapter 185, that jarāsandha had been present at the svayaṁvara (marriage) of pāñcālī.(4) Once there arose a battle between jarāsandha and Kaṛṇa, in which jarāsandha was defeated and so he made a treaty with karṇa. (M.B. śānti Parva, Chapter 5, Stanza 6).5) The death of jarāsandha. The enmity between Śrī kṛṣṇa and jarāsandha was life-long. These two mighty powers confronted each other eighteen times. śrī kṛṣṇa decided to kill jarāsandha, the King of magadha, in a duel. Once śrī kṛṣṇa with arjuna and bhīma, reached the city of magadha in the guise of Brāhmaṇas. They started from the kingdom of kuru travelled through Kurujāṅgala and passed by padmasaras and kālakūṭa, visited the holy. places of gaṇḍakī, Mahāśoṇā, sadānīrā and such others, crossed the river sarayū and reached the opposite bank. Then they travelled through the countries of East kosala and mithilā. Touring through the countries they crossed the rivers carmaṇvatī, gaṅgā and Śoṇa. Wearing matted hair and barks of trees they reached girivraja, the capital city of magadha. There were three big drums, which were used only on special occasions. The hide of elephant was used for making them.(1. See under bṛhadratha IV to know about the sound of this big drum.) Seeing all these sights they reached the presence of jarāsandha, who welcomed them with necessary formalities and talked with them. But they kept silence. At last Śrī kṛṣṇa told him that his two friends were having the vow of silence, which would terminate only at midnight. So the King left them in the sacrificial hall and went to the palace. He came to them at midnight and asked them who they were. Śrī Kṛṣha revealed to him that they were kṛṣṇa, bhīma and arjuna, who had come to fight a duel with jarāsandha, who had unreasonably put many innocent Kings in dungeon, and challenged him to select any one of them for duel. jarāsandha, trembling with fury, selected bhīma. In that duel jarāsandha was killed. (M.B. Sabhā Parva, 3 Chapters from 20).6) Names given to jarāsandha. Bārhadratha, Māgadha, Magadhādhipa and Jarāputra are some of the names used in the mahābhārata by vyāsa as synonyms of jarāsandha.
जरासन्ध २ / JARĀSANDHA II. (śatrusaha). One of the hundred sons of dhṛtarāṣṭra. It is mentioned in mahābhārata, droṇa parva, Chapter 137, Stanza 30 that this jarāsandha was killed by Bhīmasena.
जरासन्ध ३ / JARĀSANDHA III. In karṇa Parva of the mahābhārata, Chapter 5, Stanza 30, we see a King jayatsena who fought on the side of the kauravas and had been killed by abhimanyu. The father of this King jayatsena was one jarāsandha, a kṣatriya of magadha.
शब्दकल्पद्रुमः
Sanskritजरासन्धः, (जरया तदाख्यया प्रसिद्धयाराक्षस्या कृता सन्धा देहसंयोजनमस्य ।)चन्द्रवंशीयराजविशेषः । स तु बृहद्रथराज-पुत्त्रः । कंसश्वशुरः द्बन्द्बयुद्धे भीमस्तं हतवान् ।अस्य नामकरणं यथा, --“अन्यस्यामपि भार्य्यायां शकले द्वे बृहद्रथात् ।ते मात्रा बहिरुत्सृष्टे जरया चाभिसन्धिते ॥
जीव जीवेति क्रीडन्त्या जरासन्धोऽभवत् सुतः ॥
”इति श्रीभागवतम् ॥
तत्पर्य्यायः । बार्हद्रथिः २ । इति त्रिकाण्डशेषः ॥
(अस्य जन्मविवरणं महाभारते सभापर्व्वणि १७अध्याये तथा मृत्युविवरणं तत्रैव २४ अध्यायेद्रष्टव्यम् ॥
अयं हि विप्रचित्तिनामकस्यासुर-स्यावतारः । यथा, महाभारते । १ । ६७ । ४ ।“विप्रचित्तिरिति ख्यातो य आसीद्दानवर्षभः ।जरासन्ध इति ख्यातः स आसीत् मनुजर्षभः ॥
”धृतराष्ट्रपुत्त्राणामन्यतमः । यथा, महाभारते ।१ । ११७ । ८ ।“दृढसन्धो जरासन्धः सत्यसन्धः सदःसुवाक् ॥
”)
वाचस्पत्यम्
Sanskritजरासन्ध जरया राक्षस्या सन्धा देहयोजनमस्य ।वृहद्रथभूपसुते मागधे नृपे तस्योत्पत्तिकथा यथा ।“राजा वृहद्रथो नाम मगधाधिपतिर्बली” इत्युपक्रमे ।“नाससाद नृपश्रेष्ठः पुत्रं कुलविवर्द्धनम् । अथकाक्षावतः पुत्रं गौतमस्य महात्मनः । शुश्राव तपसिश्रान्तमुदारं चण्डकौशिकम् यदृच्छयागतं तन्तु वृक्ष-मूलमुपाश्रितम् । पत्नीभ्यां सहितो राजा स च रत्रै-रतोषयत् । तमब्रवीत्सत्यधृतिः सत्यवागृषिसत्तमः । परि-तुष्टाऽस्मि राजेन्द्र! वरं वरय सुव्रत! । ततः सभार्यःप्रणतस्तमुवाच वृहद्रथः । पुत्रदर्शननैराश्याद्बाष्पसंदि-ग्धया गिरा । राजोवाच । भगवन्राज्यमुत्सृज्यप्रस्थितोऽहं तपोवनम् । किं वरेणाल्पभाग्यस्य किंराज्येनाप्रजस्य मे । कृष्णौवाच । एतत् श्रुत्वामुनिर्ध्यानमगमत् क्षुभितेन्द्रियः । तस्यैव चाम्रवृक्षस्यछायायां समुपाविशत् । तस्योपविष्टस्य मुनेरुत्सङ्गेनिपपात ह । अवानमशुकादष्टमेकमाम्रफलं किल ।तत् प्रगृह्य मुनिश्रेष्ठो हृदयेनाभिमन्त्र्य च । राज्ञंददावप्रतिमं पुत्रसंप्राप्तिकारणम् । उवाच चमहाप्राज्ञस्तं राजानं महामुनिः । गच्छ राजन्!कृतार्थोऽसि निवर्त्तस्व नराधिप! । एतत् श्रुत्वा मुने-र्वाक्यं शिरसा प्रणिपत्य च । मुनेः पादौ महाप्राज्ञःस नृपः स्वगृहं गतः । यथा समयमाज्ञाय तदा सनृपसत्तमः । द्वाभ्यामेकं फलं प्रादात् पत्नीम्यां भरत-र्षभ! । ते तदाम्रं द्विधा कृत्वा भक्षयामासतुः शुभे ।भावित्वादपि चार्थस्य सत्यवाक्यतया मुनेः । तयोःसमभवद्गर्भः फलप्राशनसम्भवः । ते च दृष्ट्वा स नृपतिःपरां मुदमवाप ह । अथ काले महाप्राज्ञ! यथासमयमागते । प्राजायेतामुभे राजन्! शरीरशकलेतदा एकाक्षिवाहुचरणे अर्द्धोदरमुखस्फिचे । दृष्ट्वाशरीरशकले प्रवेपतुरुभे भृशम् । उद्विग्ने सहसंमन्त्र्यते भगिन्यौ तदाऽवले । सजीवे प्राणिशकले तत्यजातेसुदुःखिते । तयोर्धात्र्यौ सुसंवीते ते कृत्वा गर्मसंप्लवे ।निर्गम्यान्तःपुरद्वारात् समुत्सृज्याभिजग्मतुः । तेचतुष्पथनिःक्षिप्ते जरा नामाथ राक्षसी । जग्राहमनुजव्याघ्र! मांसशोणितभोजना । कर्त्तुकामा सुख-वहे शकले सा तु राक्षसी । संयोजयामास तदाविधानवलनोदिता । ते समानीतमात्रे तु शकले पुरुष-र्षभ! । एकमूर्त्तिधरो वीरः कुमारः समपद्यत ।ततः सा राक्षसी राजन्! विस्मयोत्फुल्ललोचना ।न शशाक समुद्वोढुं वज्रसारमयं शिशुम् । वालस्ता-म्रतलं मुष्टिं कृत्वा चास्ये निधाय सः । प्राक्रोशदति-संरब्धः सतोय इव तोयदः । तेन शब्देन सुम्भ्रान्तःसहसान्तःपुरे जनः । निर्जगाम नरव्याघ्र! राज्ञा सहपरन्तप! । ते चाबले परिम्लाने पयःपूर्णपयोधरे ।निराशे पुत्रलाभाय सहसैवाभ्यगच्छताम् । ते तु दृष्ट्वातथामूते राजानञ्चेष्टसन्ततिम् । तञ्च बालं प्रवलिनंचिन्तयामास राक्षसी । नार्हामि विषये राज्ञो वसन्तीपुत्रगृद्धिनः । बालं पुत्रमिमं हन्तुं धार्मिकस्य महा-त्मनः । सा तं बालमुपादाय मेघलेखेन भास्करम् ।कृत्वा च मानुषं रूपमुवाच वसुधाधिपम् । राक्षस्यु-वाच । वृहद्रथ! सुतस्तेऽयं मया दत्तः प्रगृह्यताम् ।तव पत्नीद्वये जातो द्विजातिवरशासनात् । धात्रीजनपरित्यक्तो मयायं परिरक्षितः । कृष्ण उवाच । ततस्तेभरतश्रेष्ठ! काशिराजमुते शुभे । तं बालमभिपद्याशुप्रस्रवैरभ्यषिञ्चताम् । ततः स राजा संहृष्टः सर्वं तदुप-लभ्य च । अपृच्छद्धेमगर्भाभां राक्षसीं तामराक्षसीम् ।राजोवाच । कात्वं कमलगर्भाभे! मम पुत्रप्रदायिनी ।काम्यया व्रूहि कल्याणि! देवता प्रतिभासि मे ।”राक्षस्युवाच । जरा नामास्मि भद्रन्ते राक्षसीकामरूपिणी । तव वेश्मनि राजेन्द्र! पूजिता न्यवसंसुखम् । गृहे गृहे मनुष्याणां नित्यं तिष्ठामिराक्षसी । गृहदेवीति नाम्ना वै पुरा सृष्टा स्वय-म्भुवा । दानवानां विनाशाय स्थापिता दिव्यरूपिणी ।यो मां भक्त्या लिखेत् कुड्ये सपुत्रां यौवनान्विताम् ।गृहे तत्र भवेद्वृद्धिरन्यथा क्षयमाप्नुयात् । त्वद्गृहे तिष्ठ-माना तु पूजिताहं सदा विभो! । लिखिता चैवकुड्येषु पुत्रैर्वहुभिरावृता । गन्धपुष्पैस्तथा धूपैर्भक्ष्य-भोज्यैः सुपूजिता । साहं प्रत्युपकारार्थं चिन्तयाम्यनिशं तव । तवेमे पुत्रशकले दृष्टवत्यस्मि धार्मिक! ।संश्लेषिते मया दैवात् कुमारः समपद्यत । तव भा-ग्यान्महाराज! हेतुमात्रमहं त्विह । मेरुं वा खा-दितुं शक्ता किं पुनस्तव बालकम् । गृहे सम्पूजनात्तुष्ठ्या मया प्रत्यर्पितस्तव । कृष्ण उवाच । एवमुक्त्वातु सा राजंस्तत्रैवान्तरधीयत । स संगृह्य कुमारंतं प्रविवेश गृहं नृपः । तस्य बालस्य यत् कृत्यंतच्चकार नृपस्तदा । आज्ञापयच्च राक्षस्या मगधेषुमहोत्सवः । तस्य नामाकरोच्चैव पितामहसमः पिता ।जरया सन्धितो यस्माज्जरासन्धो भवत्वयम् । सोऽवर्द्धतमहातेजा मगधाधिपतेः सुतः । प्रमाणबलसम्पन्नोहुताहुतिरिवानलः । मातापित्रोर्नन्दिकरः शुक्लपक्षे यथाशशी” भा० स० १७ । १८ अ० ।
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