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कुम्भकर्ण (kumbhakarNa)

 
शब्दसागरः
English
कुम्भकर्ण
m.
 (-र्णः) The gigantic brother of RAVANA.
E.
 कुम्भ and कर्ण the ear.
Capeller Eng
English
कुम्भकर्ण
m.
N.
 of a Rākṣasa.
Yates
English
कुम्भ-कर्ण (र्णः) 1.
m.
 The gigantic
brother of
Rāvana.
Wilson
English
कुम्भकर्ण
m.
 (-णः) The gigantic brother of RĀVAṆA.
E.
 कुम्भ, and कर्ण the ear.
Monier Williams Cologne
English
कुम्भ—कर्ण
m.
 ‘pot-eared’,
N.
 of a Rākṣasa (the brother of Rāvaṇa, described in
R.
 vi as sleeping for six months at a time and then waking to gorge himself),
MBh.
 iii
R.
Ragh.
 xii, 80
BhP.
N.
 of a Daitya,
Hariv.
of a Muni,
VāyuP.
of a locality
of Śiva,
MBh.
 xii, 10350
Apte Hindi
Hindi
कुम्भकर्णः
पुं*
 कुम्भ-कर्णः -
‘घड़े के सदृश कान वाला’ एक महाकाय राक्षस जो रावण का भाई था तथा राम के हाथों मारा गया था
Shabdartha Kaustubha
Kannada
कुम्भकर्ण
पदविभागः - > पुल्लिङ्गः
कन्नडार्थः - > ಒಬ್ಬ ರಾಕ್ಷಸ /ವಿಶ್ರವಸ್ಸಿನ ಮಗ /ರಾವಣನ ತಮ್ಮ
व्युत्पत्तिः - > कुम्भाविव कर्णावस्य
Aufrecht Catalogus Catalogorum
English
कुम्भकर्ण king of Medapāṭa, patron of Sūtradhāramaṇḍana.
Bhr. p. 221.
कुम्भकर्ण
Pāṭhyaratnakośa. P. 15.
Mahabharata
English
Kumbhakarṇa^1, a Rākshasa, brother of Rāvaṇa. § 478 (Dhundhumārop.): III, 204, 13610 (ºm ivāparaṃ, sc. Dhundhuṃ).--§ 526 (Rāmopākhyānap.): III, 275, 15895 (Pushpotkaṭā bore K. and Daśagrīva (i.e. Rāvaṇa) to Viśravas), 15899 (most powerful in battle and master in illusive power), (), 15905 (performed austerities with the head downwards, etc.) (), 15916 (Brahmán granted him long lasting sleep).--§ 532 (Sītāsāntvana): III, 280, 16157 (ºādayaś ceme nagnāḥ, etc., seen by Trijaṭā).--§ 538 (Kumbhakarṇaraṇagamana): III, 286, 16397, 16398, 16400 (Rāvaṇa awaked the sleeping K.), 16406, 16408 (sent against Rāma).--§ 539 (Kumbhakarṇādivadha): III, 287, 16409, 16414 (Rakshasaḥ), 16416, 16417, 16419, 16421, 16423, 16428 (Vṛtrasaṅkāśaṃ, slain by Lakshmaṇa with the Brahmāstra).--§ 540 (Indrajidvadha): III, 288, 16438 (hataṃ), 16443. Cf. Rakshas, Rākshaseśvara (dual), Rākshasendra.
Kumbhakarṇa^2 = Śiva (1000 names^1).
पुराणम्
English
कुम्भकर्ण / KUMBHAKARṆA .1) Genealogy. Descended from viṣṇu thus: brahmā-pulastya--viśravas--kumbhakarṇa.2) Birth. pulastya, one of the prajāpatis married havirbhū (māninī) and a son called viśravas was born to them.
rāvaṇa and kumbhakarṇa were born to viśravas of puṣpotkaṭā, and vibhīṣaṇa was born to him of rākā, and khara and śūrpaṇakhā were born to him of mālinī. The above version is based on verses--1 to 8 in Chapter 275 of the Vana Parva. But, according to uttara rāmāyaṇa, rāvaṇa, vibhīṣaṇa and kumbhakarṇa were born to viśravas of his wife called kaikasī. According to the agni purāṇa, puṣpotkaṭā and Kaikaśi were one and the same.3) Former births of kumbhakarṇa. rāvaṇa and kumbhakarṇa were originally the two devas called jaya and vijaya. viṣṇu appointed them as gate-keepers at vaikuṇṭha. Once they stopped sages like Sanaka and others at the gates, and the latter cursed jaya and vijaya into Rākṣasas. When they complained about the curse to viṣṇu he promised to welcome them back to vaikuṇṭha after they had lived three births as Rākṣasas. Accordingly jaya was born as hiraṇyākṣa and vijaya as hiraṇyakaśipu, both of them Asuras. Mahāviṣṇu incarnated himself as a Boar and killed hiraṇyākṣa and as narasiṁha he killed hiraṇyakaśipu. hiraṇyākṣa and hiraṇyakaśipu were reborn as rāvaṇa and kumbhakarṇa respectively. Mahāviṣṇu, during his incarnation as śrī rāma killed both rāvaṇa and kumbhakarṇa. rāvaṇa was reborn as Śiśupāla and kumbhakarṇa as dantavaktra. Both of them were killed by Mahāviṣṇu during his incarnation as śrī kṛṣṇa. Thus the deva called vijaya, on account of the curse of Sanaka and other sages, passed through three lives as hiraṇyakaśipu, kumbhakarṇa and dantavaktra and finally reached vaikuṇṭha. (bhāgavata, 7th skandha).4) kumbhakarṇa secured boons. kumbhakarṇa spent his childhood with his brothers at the āśrama of his father on mount gandhamādana. kubera was at the zenith of his glory at that time, having been crowned king of the Yakṣas, and also having got the puṣpaka Vimāna. The reputation of kubera kindled jealousy in kumbhakarṇa and his brothers. They too performed penance in the forest on one foot for a thousand years. But, brahmā did not appear. They continued the penance without eating any food. khara and śūrpaṇakhā stayed there serving their brothers. Even after the second thousand years brahmā did not appear. Then rāvaṇa cut off his ten heads and made offerings of them to brahmā. Then brahmā appeared. brahmā restored his heads to rāvaṇa and he was granted the boon that he would not be killed by anybody but a man. The devas shuddered at the gift to rāvaṇa, and feared about the future in case kumbhakarṇa too got such a boon. At their request sarasvatī danced on his tongue at the time of Kumbhakarṇa's request for a boon. kumbhakarṇa wanted NIRDEVATVAM (Absence of all devas). But by a slip of the tongue (caused by sarasvatī) what he asked for was nidrāvatvam (sleep). brahmā granted him nidrāvatvam
he said that kumbhakarṇa would sleep for six months of the year continuously. vibhīṣaṇa got the boon that he should remember righteousness in danger and use the brahmāstra without any training in its use. The brothers returned home after securing the boons, and, after driving off kubera, the lord of laṅkā, rāvaṇa and his brothers took their abode there. (Vana Parva, Chapter 275 and uttara rāmāyaṇa).5) death of kumbhakarṇa. kumbhakarṇa played a very important part in the rāma-rāvaṇa war. Prominent warriors on the side of rāma, like sugrīva, his ministers and lakṣmaṇa fought with him. But, none of them could kill him. At last, Śrī Rāma's arrows killed him. (vālmīki rāmāyaṇa, yuddha Kāṇḍa, Chapter 67).
kumbhakarṇa is not to be viewed merely and purely as an evil character. His advice to rāvaṇa on various occasions shows noble traits of his character. When Śrī rāma with his army of monkeys appeared on the other side of the ocean rāvaṇa held a conference of his brothers, ministers and others at which kumbhakarṇa spoke as follows:--“You abducted sītā without consulting us, and we would not therefore be responsible for the consequences of that action of yours. But, it is not proper that the younger brother should keep away when danger faces the elder one, and on that principle here I am ready to fight rāma.”
These weighty words of kumbhakarṇa throw considerable light on the character of kumbhakarṇa.
(vālmīki rāmāyaṇa, Yuddhakāṇḍa, Chapter 12).
वाचस्पत्यम्
Sanskrit
कुम्भकर्ण
पु०
 कुम्भ इव कर्णावस्य । रावणानुजे राक्षसभेदेस च विश्रवसः केकस्यां जातः तदुत्पत्तिकथा रामा०उत्त० का० सुमालिकन्यया केकस्या अग्निहोत्रकाले स-न्ध्यासमये पुत्रमभिलष्यन्त्या प्रार्थितेन विश्रवसा राक्षसयोनिपुत्रप्राप्ति रूपो वरोदत्तः । यथा “दारुणायां तु वेलायां यस्मात्त्वं मामुपस्थिता । शृणु तस्मात् सुतान् भद्रे!यादृशान् जनयिष्यसि । दारुणान् दारुणाकारान् दारुणाभिजनप्रियान् । प्रसविष्यसि सुश्रोणि! राक्षसान् क्रूर-कर्म्मण” इत्युपक्रमे “एवमुक्ता तु सा कन्या राम!कालेन केनचित् । जनयायास बीभत्सं रक्षोरूपंसुदारुणम् । दशग्रीवं महादंष्ट्रम् नीलाञ्जन वयोपमम् ।ताम्रोष्ठं विंशतिभुजं महास्यं दीप्तमूर्द्धजम्” इति राव-णोत्पत्तिमुक्त्रा “तस्य त्वनन्तरं जातः कुम्भकर्ण्णो महा-बलः । प्रमाणात् यस्य विपुलं प्रमाणं नेह विद्यते । ततःशूर्पनखा नाम संजज्ञे विकृतानना । विभीषणस्तु धर्म्मात्माकेकस्याः पश्चिमः सुतः” इति । भा० व० १७४ अ० तु पुष्पोत्कटातस्तस्योत्पत्तिरुक्ता” यथा“पुलस्त्यस्य तु यः क्रोधादर्द्धदेहोऽभवन्मुनिः । विश्र-वा नाम सक्रोधः स वैश्रणमैक्षत । बुबुधे तन्तु सक्रोधंपितरं राक्षसेश्वरः । कुवेरस्तत्प्रसादार्थं यतते स्म सदानृप! । स राजराजो लङ्कायां निवसन्नरवाहनः । राक्षसीःप्रददौ तिस्रः पितुर्वै परिचारिकाः । ताः सदा तं महा-त्मानं सन्तोषयितुमुद्यताः । ॠषिं भरतशार्द्दूल! नृत्यगीत-विशारदाः । पुष्पोत्कटा च राका च मालिनी च वि-शाम्पते! । अन्योन्यस्पर्द्धया राजन्! श्रेयस्कामाः सुम-ध्यमाः । तासां स भगवांस्तुष्टो महात्मा प्रददौ वरान् ।लोकपालोपमान् पुत्रानेकैकस्या यथेप्सितान् । पुष्पोत्क-टायां जज्ञाते द्वौ पुत्रौ राक्षसेश्वरौ । कुम्भकर्णदशग्रीवौवलेनाप्रतिमौ भुवि । मालिनी जनयामास पुत्रमेकं वि-भीषणम् । राकायां मिथुनं जज्ञे खरः शूर्पणखा तथा ।विभीषणस्तु रूपेण सर्वेभ्योऽभ्यधिकोऽभवत् । स बभूवमहाभागो धर्म्म गोप्ता क्रियारतिः । दशग्रीवस्तु सर्वेषांश्रष्ठो राक्षसपुङ्गबः । महोत्साहो महावीर्य्यो महा-सत्वपराक्रमः । कुम्भकर्णो बलेनासीत् सर्वेभ्योऽभ्यधिकोयुधि । मायावी रणशौण्डश्च रौद्रश्व रजनीचरः” ।तस्य ब्रह्मतोवरप्राप्तिरुक्ता रामा० उ० का० १० सर्गे यथा“इत्युक्त्वा कुम्भकर्णाय वरंदातुमवस्थितम् । जापप्रतिंसुराःसर्वे वाक्यंप्राञ्जलयोऽब्रुवन् । न तावत्कुम्भकर्णाय प्रदातव्योवरस्त्वया । जानौषे हियथा लोकांस्त्रासयत्येष दुर्मनाः । नन्दनेऽप्सरसःसप्त महेन्द्रानुचरा दश । अनेन माक्षिता ब्रह्मन्नृषयो-मानुषास्तथा । अलब्धवरपूर्णेन यत् कृतं राक्षसेन तु ।यद्येष वरलब्धःस्याद्भक्षयेद्भुवनत्रयम् । वरव्याजेन मोहो-ऽस्मैदीयताममितप्रभ! । लोकानां स्वस्ति चैवं स्याद्भवेदस्यच संमतिः । एवमुक्तः सुरैर्ब्रह्माऽचिन्तयत्पद्मसम्भवः ।चिन्तिता चोपतस्थेऽस्य पार्श्वे देवी सरस्वती । प्राञ्जलिःसा तु पार्श्वस्था प्राह वाक्यं सरस्वती । इयमस्म्यागतादेव! किं कार्यंकरवाण्यहम् । प्रजापतिस्तु तां प्राप्तांप्राह वाक्यं सरस्वतीम् । वाणि! त्वं राक्षसेन्द्रस्यभव वाग् देवतेप्सिता । तथेत्युक्ता प्रस्थिता सा प्रजा-पतिरथाब्रवीत् । कुम्भकर्ण! महाबाहो! वरंवरय योमतः ।कुम्भकर्णस्तु तद्वाक्यं श्रुत्वावचनमब्रवीत् । स्वप्तुंवर्षाण्य-मेकानि देवदेव! ममेप्सितम् । एवमस्त्विति तञ्चोक्त्वाप्रायात् ब्रह्मासुरैः समम् । देवी सरस्वती चैव राक्षसं तंजहौ पुनः । ब्रह्मणा सह देवेषु गतेषु च नभस्तलम् ।विमुक्तोऽसौ सरस्वत्या स्वां संज्ञां च ततोगतः । कुम्भ-कर्णस्तु दुष्टात्मा चिन्वयामास दुःखितः । ईदृशं कि-मिदं वाक्यं ममाद्य वदनाच्च्युतम् । अहं व्यामोहितोदेवैरिति मन्ये तदागतैः”स च रामेण हत इति रामा० स्थितम् भारते तु लक्ष्म-णेन निहत इति स्थितम् यथा भा० वन० २८६ अ०“कुम्भकर्णो महेष्वासः प्रगृहीतशिलायुधः । अभिदुद्रावसौमित्रिमुद्यम्य महतीं शिलाम् । तस्यापि पततस्तूर्णंक्षुराभ्यामुच्छ्रितौ करौ । चिच्छेद निशिताग्राभ्यां सबभूव चतुर्भुजः । तानप्यस्य भूजान् सर्वान् प्रगृहीतशि-नायुधान् । क्षुरैश्चिच्छेद लघ्वुस्त्नं सौमित्रिः प्रतिदर्शयन् ।स बभूवातिकायश्च बहुपादशिरोभुजः । तं ब्रह्मास्त्रेणसौमित्रिर्ददाराद्रिचयोपमम् । स पपात महावीर्य्यो दि-व्यास्त्राभिहतो रणे । महाशनिविनिर्दग्धः पादपोऽ-ङ्कुरवानिव । तं दृष्ट्वा वृत्रसङ्काशं कुम्भकर्णं तरस्विनम् ।गतासुं पतितं भूमौ राक्षसाः प्राद्रवन् भयात्” ।उत्पत्तौ बधे च विरोधस्तु कल्पभेदात् समाधेयः । स चविष्णुपारिषदविजयावतारः सनत्कुमारादिमुनिशापात्आसुरभावमापेदे तत्कथा भाग० अनुसन्धेया ।
Capeller
German
कुम्भकर्ण
m.
 N. eines Rākṣasa.