इतिहास (itihAsa)

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शब्दसागरः

English

 इतिहास m.
  (-सः) History,  traditional accounts of former events,  heroic
history,  as the Mahabharata and Ramayana.
 E.
  इतिह traditional
instruction,  अस् to be,  and घञ् aff.
  

Capeller Eng

English

 इतिहास॑ m.
  story,  legend,  tradition. 

Yates

English

 इतिहा_स (सः) 1.
m.
  History.

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Spoken Sanskrit

English

इतिहास 	-	  itihAsa 	-	 h. 	-	 chronicle
पुरावृत्तलेखक 	-	  purAvRttalekhaka 	-	 m.
  	-	 chronicle

इतिहास 	-	 itihAsa 	-	 h. 	-	  chronicle
इतिहास 	-	 itihAsa 	-	 m.
  	-	  tradition
इतिहास 	-	 itihAsa 	-	 m.
  	-	  traditional accounts of former events
इतिहास 	-	 itihAsa 	-	 m.
  	-	  heroic history
इतिहास 	-	 itihAsa 	-	 m.
  	-	  legend
इतिहास 	-	 itihAsa 	-	 m.
  	-	  talk
इतिहास 	-	 itihAsa 	-	 m.
  	-	  history

Wilson

English

 इतिहास
m.
  (-सः) History,  traditional accounts of former events, 
heroic history,  as the Mahābhārata and Rāmāyaṇa.
E.
  इतिह traditional instruction,  अस to be,  and घञ् aff.
  

Apte

English

इतिहासः [itihāsḥ],  [fr.  इति-ह-आस (3rd. pers.
  sing.
  Perf.  of अस् to be)
 so it has been] (

History (legendary or traditional)
 धर्मार्थकाममोक्षाणामुपदेशसमन्वितम् पूर्ववृत्तं कथा- युक्तमितिहासं प्रचक्षते
 Mb.
  cf.
   also आर्यादिबहुव्याख्यानं देवर्षि- चरिताश्रयम् । इतिहासमिति प्रोक्तं भविष्याद्भुतधर्मयुक् ॥

Heroic history (such as the Mahābhārata).

Historical evidence,  tradition (which is recognized as a proof by the Paurāṇikas). Comp.
   -निबन्धनम् legendary composition or narrative
 Ś3. -पुराणम् history and legendary stories
 इतिहासपुराणानि पञ्चमो वेद उच्यते । -वादः historical story,  legend
 Māl.
 3.3.

Apte 1890

English

 इतिहासः [fr. इति-ह-आस(3rd. pers. sing. Perf. of अस् to be)
 so it has been] 1 History (legendary or traditional)
 धर्मार्थकाममोक्षाणामुपदेशसमन्वितं । पूर्ववृत्तं कपायुक्तमितिहासं प्रचक्षते ॥ 
2 Heroic history (such as the Mahābhārata). 
3 Historical evidence,  tradition (which is recognized as a proof by the Paurāṇikas). 
Comp. 
निबंधनं legendary composition or narrative
 Ś. 3. 
पुराणं history and legendary stories. 
वादः historical story,  legend
 Māl. 3. 3. 

Monier Williams Cologne

English

 इति—हास॑ a see below

 इति-हास॑ b m.
  (इति-ह-आस,  ‘so indeed it was’),  talk,  legend,  tradition,  history,  traditional accounts of former events,  heroic history,  ŚBr.
  
 MBh.
  
 Mn.
   &c.
  

Monier Williams 1872

English

 इति-हास,  अस्,  m. (इति-ह-आस,  ‘so indeed it was’), 
talk,  legend,  tradition,  history,  traditional accounts of
former events,  heroic history,  as the Mahā-bhārata.

 इतिहास इति-हास। See under 2. इति above.

Macdonell

English

 इतिहास iti-ha‿āsa,  m.
  (‘so-it-was’),  tradition,  🞄legend,  story
 epic poem. 

Benfey

English

 इतिहास इतिहास,  i. e. इति-ह-आस (the
last part is the third sing. of the pf.  of
1. अस्) m.
  Traditional account,  a legend, 
Man.  3,  232.

Hindi

इतिहास

Apte Hindi

Hindi

इतिहासः
पुं*
  - "इति- ह-आस,  अस् धातु,  लिट् लकार,  अन्य पु०ए०व०"
इतिहास

इतिहासः
पुं*
  - "इति- ह-आस,  अस् धातु,  लिट् लकार,  अन्य पु०ए०व१"
वीर गाथा

इतिहासः
पुं*
  - "इति- ह-आस,  अस् धातु,  लिट् लकार,  अन्य पु०ए०व२"
"ऐतिहासिक साक्ष्य,  परंपरा"

Shabdartha Kaustubha

Kannada

इतिहास
पदविभागः - > पुल्लिङ्गः
कन्नडार्थः - > ಪುರಾತನ ಕಥೆಯನ್ನು ಹೇಳುವ ಭಾರತ ಮೊದಲಾದ ಗ್ರಂಥ
इतिहास
पदविभागः - > पुल्लिङ्गः
कन्नडार्थः - > ಪೂರ್ವ ಕಥೆ /ಹಿಂದಿನ ಚರಿತ್ರೆ
इतिहास
पदविभागः - > पुल्लिङ्गः
कन्नडार्थः - > ಪುರಾಣದ ಪ್ರಮಾಣ /ಐತಿಹ್ಯ

L R Vaidya

English

 itihAsa {% m. %} 1. History
 2. legend
 3. tradition recognized as a proof by the Paurāṇikas (इतिहास is thus defined- धर्मार्थकाममोक्षाणामुपदेशसमन्वितम् । पूर्ववृत्तं कथायुक्तमितिहासं प्रचक्षते ॥).

Bopp

Latin

 इतिहास m. narratio,  historia ex antiquissimo tempore.
SU. 1. 1. (Ut videtur,  ex इति sic,  expletivo ह et आस
fuit,  quod hac in compositione substantivi naturam as-
sumsit.).

Aufrecht Catalogus Catalogorum

English

 इतिहास Oppert 6501.
		--by Vasiṣṭha. B. 2,  128.
		--by Vyāsa. B. 2,  128. Oppert II,  5644.

Indian Epigraphical Glossary

English

 itihāsa (EI 13),  legendary lore.

Lanman

English

 itihāsá,  m. story,  legend. [agglomeration
of iti ha āsa,  ‘thus,  indeed,  it was’:
1314b.]

Sanskrit Tibetan

Tibetan

sgrung gtam
इतिहास

अभिधानचिन्तामणिः

Sanskrit

--source--
 
इतिहासः पुरावृत्तं प्रवह्लिका प्रहेलिका ।
-wordlist-
 
इतिहास (पुं),  पुरावृत्त (क्ली),  प्रवह्लिका (स्त्री),  प्रहेलिका (स्त्री)

वैजयन्तीकोषः

Sanskrit

Word: इतिहासः
Root: इतिहास
Gender: पुं
Number: all
अर्थः ⇒ पूर्वचरितप्रतिपादकग्रन्थः
Meaning(s):
⇒ Epic
 like the mahābhārata
Shloka(s):
2|4|38|2 ► इतिहासः पुरावृत्तमैतिह्यमितिहाऽव्ययम्॥ (अन्तरिक्षकाण्डः/शब्दाध्यायः)
Synonym(s):
➠ 2|4|38|2 ⇢ इतिहासः (इतिहास) (पुं) ⇒ Epic
 like the mahābhārata ⇒ पूर्वचरितप्रतिपादकग्रन्थः
➠ 2|4|38|2 ⇢ पुरावृत्तम् (पुरावृत्त) (नपुं) ⇒ What happened in ancient times
 epic
 epithet of Itihāsa ⇒ पूर्वचरितप्रतिपादकग्रन्थः
Related word(s):
    

Mahabharata

English

*itihāsa^1 (“tradition,  legend,  history”): I,  19 (Bhāratasya,  i.e. Mhbhr.),  50 (pl.),  63 (º-purāṇānāṃ),  259 (pl.),  260 (º-purāṇābhyāṃ),  306,  2210 (pl.),  2229 (i.e. Mhbhr.),  2301 (do.),  ††3840,  4356 (º-purāṇeshu),  7619 (ºaṃ purātanaṃ)
 II,  136 (º-purāṇa-jñaḥ,  sc. Nārada)
 III,  1029 (ºaṃ purātanaṃ),  14105 (do.)
 IV,  1593 (do.)
 V,  228,  etc. (do.)
 VII,  2023 (do.)
 VIII,  1498 (º-yajurvedau)
 XII,  1841 (º-purāṇaº),  2262 (pl.),  7660 (vedān setihāsān),  11206 (pl.),  12211 (sg.),  13020 (º-kathanāt),  ††13205
 XIII,  264,  296,  etc.
 XIV,  120,  etc. Cf. Jaya^14.

Itihāsa^2 = Śiva (1000 names^2). J

Vedic Reference

English

 Itihāsa,  as a kind of literature,  is repeatedly mentioned
along with Purāṇa in the later texts of the Vedic period.
The earliest reference to both occurs in the late fifteenth book
of the Atharvaveda.^1 Itihāsa then appears in the Śatapatha
Brāhmaṇa, ^2 the Jaiminīya, ^3 Bṛhadāraṇyaka, ^4 and Chāndogya
Upaniṣads.^5 In the latter it is expressly declared with Purāṇa
to make up the fifth Veda,  while the Śāṅkhāyana Śrauta Sūtra^6
makes the Itihāsa a Veda and the Purāṇa a Veda. The
Itihāsa-veda and the Purāṇa-veda appear also in the Gopatha
Brāhmaṇa, ^7 while the Śatapatha^8 identifies the Itihāsa as well
as the Purāṇa with the Veda. In one passage Anvākhyāna
and Itihāsa are distinguished^9 as different classes of works,  but
the exact point of distinction is obscure
 probably the former
was supplementary. The Taittirīya Āraṇyaka^10 mentions
Itihāsas and Purāṇas in the plural.
There is nothing to show in the older literature what dis-
tinction there was,  if any,  between Itihāsa and Purāṇa
 and
the late literature, ^11 which has been elaborately examined by
Sieg, ^12 yields no consistent result. Geldner^13 has conjectured
that there existed a single work,  the Itihāsa-purāṇa,  a collection
of the old legends of all sorts,  heroic,  cosmogonic,  genealogical
but though a work called Itihāsa,  and another called Purāṇa, 
were probably known to Patañjali, ^14 the inaccuracy of Geldner's
view is proved by the fact that Yāska shows no sign of having
known any such work. To him the Itihāsa may be a part of
the Mantra literature itself, ^15 Aitihāsikas being merely people
who interpret the Rigveda by seeing in it legends where others
see myths.^16 The fact,  however,  that the use of the compound
form is rare,  and that Yāska regularly has Itihāsa, ^17 not
Itihāsa-purāṇa,  is against the theory of there ever having been
one work.
The relation of Itihāsa to Ākhyāna is also uncertain. Sieg^18
considers that the words Itihāsa and Purāṇa referred to the
great body of mythology,  legendary history,  and cosmogonic
legend available to the Vedic poets,  and roughly classed as a
fifth Veda,  though not definitely and finally fixed. Thus, 
Anvākhyānas,  Anuvyākhyānas,  and Vyākhyānas could arise, 
and separate Ākhyānas could still exist outside the cycle, 
while an Ākhyāna could also be a part of the Itihāsa-purāṇa.
He also suggests that the word Ākhyāna has special reference
to the form of the narrative. Oldenberg, ^19 following Windisch, ^20
and followed by Geldner, ^21 Sieg,  and others,  has found in the
Ākhyāna form a mixture of prose and verse,  alternating as
the narrative was concerned with the mere accessory parts of
the tale,  or with the chief points,  at which the poetic form
was naturally produced to correspond with the stress of the
emotion. This theory has been severely criticized by Hertel^22
and von Schroeder.^23 These scholars,  in accordance with
older suggestions of Max Müller^24 and Lévi, ^25 see in the
so-called Ākhyāna hymns of the Rigveda,  in which Oldenberg
finds actual specimens of the supposed literary genus,  though
the prose has been lost,  actual remains of ritual dramas.
Elsewhere^26 it has been suggested that the hymns in question
are merely literary dialogues.
1) xv. 6,  4 et seq.
2) xiii. 4,  3,  12. 13,  and as com-
pounded in xi. 5,  6,  8
 7,  9.
3) i. 53.
4) ii. 4,  10
 iv. 1,  2
 v. 11.
5) iii. 4,  1. 2
 vii. 1,  2. 4
 2,  1
 7,  1.
6) xvi. 2,  21. 27.
7) i. 10.
8) xiii. 4,  3,  12. 13.
9) xi. 1,  6,  9. Cf. p. 24.
10) ii. 9.
11) See Sāyaṇa's Introduction to the
Rigveda,  p. 12 (ed. Max Müller),  and
his commentary on Satapatha Brāh-
maṇa,  xi. 5,  6,  8
 Śaṃkara on Bṛhad-
āraṇyaka Upaniṣad,  ii. 4,  10.
12) Die Sagenstoffe des Ṛgveda,  31 et
seq.
13) Vedische Studien,  1,  290. Cf. Sieg, 
op. cit.,  33.
14) Vārttika on Pāṇini,  iv. 2,  60,  and
Mahābhāṣya (ed. Kielhorn),  2,  284.
15) Nirukta,  iv. 6.
16) Ibid.,  ii. 16
 xii. 1.
17) Ibid.,  ii. 10
 24
 iv. 6
 x. 26
xii. 10.
18) Op. cit.,  31 et seq.
19) Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgen-
ländischen Gesellschaft,  37,  54 et seq.
39,  52 et seq. Cf. also Göttingische Gelehrte
Anzeigen,  1908,  67 et seq.
20) Verhandlungen der dreiunddreissigsten
Versammlung deutcher Philologen und
Sckulmänner in Gera (1879),  15 et seq.
21) Vedische Studien,  1,  284
 2,  1 et seq.
22) Vienna Oriental Journal,  18,  59 et
seq.
 23,  273 et seq. Cf. Winternitz, 
ibid.,  23,  102 et seq.
23) Mystcrium und Mimus im Rigveda, 
3 et seq.
24) Sacred Books of the East,  32,  183.
25) Le Théâtre indien,  303,  307.
26) Keith,  Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society,  1909,  200 et seq.

शब्दकल्पद्रुमः

Sanskrit

 इतिहासः,  पुं,
   (इतिह आस्तेऽस्मिन् । इतिह +आस + घञ् ।) पूब्बवृत्तान्तः । पाचीनकथा ।तत्पर्य्यायः । पुरावृत्तः २ । इत्यमरः ॥
(यथा,  मनुः । ३ । २३२ ।“आख्यानानीतिहासांश्च पुराणानि खिलानि च” ।)व्यासादिप्रणीतभारतादिग्रन्थः । इति भरतः ॥

वाचस्पत्यम्

Sanskrit

 इतिहास पु०
  इतिह पारपार्य्योपदेश आस्तेऽस्मिन् आस-आधारेघञ् ६ त० । “धर्मार्थकाममोक्षाणामुपदेशसमन्वितम् ।पूर्बवृत्तकथाथुक्तमितिहासं प्रचक्षते” इत्यक्तलक्षणे पुरावृत्त-प्रकाशके भारतादिग्रन्थे । “इतिहासपुराणाद्यैः षष्ठंसप्तमं नयेत्” दक्षः “खाध्यायं श्रावयेत् पित्र्ये धर्मशास्त्राणिचैव हि । आख्यानानीतिहासांश्च पुराणानि खिलानि च”मनुः । “वाकोवाक्येतिहासपुराणः पञ्चमोवेदानां वेदः”छा० उ० “इतिहासोत्तमादस्माज् जायन्ते कवि बद्धयः ।पञ्चभ्य इव भूतेभ्योलोकसंविधयस्त्रयः । भारतस्येतिहासस्यपुण्यां ग्रन्थार्थसंयुताम् । संस्कारोपगतां ब्राह्मों ना-नाशास्त्रोपवृंहिताम्” भा० आ० १ अ० इत्युक्ते,  भारतस्येतिहासरूपत्वम् । “इतिहासपुराणाद्यैर्वेदं समुपवृंहयेत्”स्मृतिः । २ अन्यस्मिन् पुरावृत्ते स च भारते शातिप-र्व्वादौ “अत्राप्युदाहरन्तीममितिहासं पुरातनम्” इत्यनेनबहुकत्वो दर्शितः । “नवमेऽहनि तार्क्ष्योवै वैपश्चितस्तस्यवयांसि विशस्तानीमान्यासत इति वयांसि ब्रह्मचारिणइत्युपसमानीताः स्युस्तानुपदिशतीतिहासोवेदः सोयमि-तीतिहासमाचक्षीत” आश्व० श्रौ० वेदभागविशेषस्यैवेतिहा-सरूपत्वमुक्तम् । तच्च पुरावृत्तप्रतिपादकत्वात् तथेतिबोध्यम् तदभिप्रायेणैव “वाकोव्याक्येतिहासपुराण इति”छान्दोग्यवाक्यमिति द्रष्टव्यम् । पौराणिकमतसिद्धे ३ ऐतिह्येप्रमाणे च ।

Capeller

German

 इतिहास॑ m.
  Sage,  Erzählung,  Legende, 
episches Gedicht.

No entries for this word is found.

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