अनुमान (anumAna)
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Spoken Sanskrit
English अनुमान anumAna inference
अनुमान anumAna permission
अनुमान anumAna consent
अनुमान anumAna conjecture
अनुमान anumAna act of inferring or drawing a conclusion from given premises
अनुमान anumAna guess
अनुमान anumAna consideration
अनुमान anumAna reflection
अनुमान anumAna one of the means of obtaining true knowledge
अनुमान { लोगिच् } anumAna { logic } deduction
अनुमान anumAna conclusion
अनुमान anumAna conclusion from given premises
विस्तारि अनुमान vistAri anumAna ampliative inference [ logic ]
सैद्धान्तिक अनुमान saiddhAntika anumAna theoretical deduction
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Apte
Englishअनुमानम् [anumānam], 1 Inferring as the instrument of an अनुमिति, conclusion
from given premises
an inference, conclusion, one of the four means of obtaining knowledge according to the Nyāya system
(अनुमितिकरणमनुमानं तच्च धूमो वह्निव्याप्य इति व्याप्तिज्ञानम्. It is of two kinds स्वार्था- नुमानम् & परार्थानुमानम्)
प्रत्यक्षं चानुमानं च शास्त्रं च विविधागमम् । त्रयं सुविदितं कार्यं धर्मशुद्धिमभीप्सता ॥ 12.15.
A guess, conjecture, sign to know
इङ्गितैरनुमानैश्च मया ज्ञैया भविष्यति Rām.
Analogy, similarity
आत्मनो हृदयानुमानेन प्रेक्षसे 5 you judge (of others) by the analogy of your own heart
स्वानुमानात्कादम्बरीमुत्प्रेक्ष्य 35.
(In ) A figure which consists in a notion, expressed in a peculiarly striking manner, of a thing established by proof
S. D.* 711
यत्र पतत्यबलानां दृष्टिर्निशिताः पतन्ति तत्र शराः । तच्चापरोपितशरो धावत्यासां पुरः स्मरो मन्ये ॥ अनुमानं तदुक्तं यत्साध्यसाधनयोर्वचः K. 1. -उक्ति reasoning
logical inference.
Apte 1890
Englishअनुमानं 1 Inferring as the instrument of an अनुमिति, conclusion from given premises
an inference, conclusion
one of the four means of obtaining knowledge according to the Nyāya system
(अनुमितिकरणमनुमानं तच्च धूमो वह्निव्याप्य इति व्याप्तिज्ञानं. It is of two kinds स्वार्थानुमानं & परार्थानुमानं)
प्रत्यक्षं चानुमानं च शास्त्रं च विविधागमं । त्रयं सुविदितं कार्यं धर्मशुद्धिमभीप्सता ॥ Ms. 12. 105.
2 A guess, conjecture, sign to know
इंगितैरनुमानैश्च मया ज्ञेया भविष्यति Rām.
3 Analogy, similarity
आत्मनो हृदयानुमानेन प्रेक्षसे Ś. 5 you judge (of others) by the analogy of your own heart
स्वानुमानात्कादंबरीमुत्प्रेक्ष्य K. 305.
4 (In Rhet.) A figure which consists in a notion, expressed in a peculiarly striking manner, of a thing established by proof
S. D. 711
यत्र पतत्यबलानां दृष्टिर्निशिताः पतंति तत्र शराः । तच्चापरोपितशरो धावत्यासां पुरः स्मरो मन्ये ॥ अनुमानं तदुक्तं यत्साध्यसाधनयोर्वचः K. P. 10.
Comp.
उक्ति f. reasoning
logical inference.
Monier Williams Cologne
EnglishMonier Williams 1872
Englishअनु-मान, अम्, n. the act of inferring or drawing
a conclusion from given premises
inference, consi-
deration, reflection
guess, conjecture
one of the
means of obtaining knowledge (प्रमाण) according
to the Sāṅkhya or Nyāya systems, but not according
to the Vedānta.
—अनुमान-खण्ड, अम्, n., N.
of a work on inference, by Cintāmaṇi.
—अनुमान-
प्रकाश, अस्, m. a similar work by Rucidatta.
—अनुमान-मणि-दीधिति, इस्, f. a similar work by
Raghunātha.
—अनुमानोक्ति (°न-उक्°), इस्, f. rea-
soning, logic.
Goldstucker
Englishअनुमान Tatpur. n. (-नम्)
^1 Inferring, as the cause of अनुमिति
or of a conclusion drawn from given premises. According to
the Sāṅkhya and Yoga-philosophies it is one of the three
means (see प्रमाण) by which true knowledge may be ob-
tained (see also प्रत्यक्ष or दृष्ट and आगम or आप्तवचन)
according to the Nyāya and Vaiśeṣika phil., one of the
four means for this end (see also प्रत्यक्ष, उपमान and शब्द).
Inference may be, according to the definitions of Sāṅkhya
and Nyāya philosophers, either one by induction (पूर्ववत्)
e. g. that it will rain because clouds have gathered, or one
by analogy (सामान्यतो दृष्टम्), e. g. that moon and stars are
locomotive because they change their place and that a person
therefore who changes his place is locomotive
or one by ne-
cessity (शेषवत्), e. g. that the ocean will be salt, because a
drop taken from it, is salt. According to the Vaiśeṣika
philosophers, inference may be either purely consecutive or
positive (केवलान्वयिन्), i. e. when the major term is not
excluded by any other notion (comp. अनुपसंहारिन्), e. g.
all that can be known can be named, because only positive
(not negative instances) can be alleged to prove the asser-
tion
or purely exclusive or negative (केवलव्यतिरेकिन्), i. e.
when only negative proof can be adduced, e. g. in asserting
that earth is distinguished from all the other elements, be-
cause it is possessed of the quality of smell, for the ar-
gument would be that all that is not distinguished from
all the other elements, is not possessed of the quality of
smell
or positive and negative (अन्वयव्यतिरेकिन्), i. e.
when there exist positive and negative instances of the major
term, e. g. where there is fire there is smoke, because the
positive argument would be ‘on the hearth’ and the negative
‘in the lake’. (The Mīmānsā and Vedānta philosophies do
not discuss these topics, as inference is not considered by
them to be a means of arriving at true knowledge.)
^2 (In
rhetoric.) A logical anakolouthon by the way of inference,
an अलंकार or mode of writing elegantly, e. g. ‘wherever
falls the look of woman, there fall sharpened arrows
I
think therefore that the God of Love runs before them while
shooting off his arrows’. E. मा with अनु, kṛt aff. ल्युट्.
Benfey
EnglishHindi
Hindiएक अनुमान
Apte Hindi
Hindiअनुमानम्
- अनु+मा+ल्युट्
"अनुमिति के साधन द्वारा किसी और निर्णय पर पहुँचना, दिये हुए कारणों से अनुमान लगाना, अनुमान, उपसंहार, न्याय शास्त्र के अनुसार ज्ञान प्राप्ति के चार साधनों में से एक"
अनुमानम्
- अनु+मा+ल्युट्
"अटकल, अन्दाजा"
अनुमानम्
- अनु+मा+ल्युट्
सादृश्य
अनुमानम्
- अनु+मा+ल्युट्
एक अलंकार जिसमें प्रमाण निर्धारित वस्तु का भाव अनोखे ढंग से प्रकट किया जाता है
Shabdartha Kaustubha
Kannadaअनुमान
पदविभागः - > नपुंसकलिङ्गः
कन्नडार्थः - > ಅನುಮಿತಿಗೆ ಕಾರಣ /ಊಹೆಗೆ ಕಾರಣ
निष्पत्तिः - > अनु + माङ् (माने) - "ल्युट्" (३-३-११५)
अनुमान
पदविभागः - > नपुंसकलिङ्गः
कन्नडार्थः - > ತರ್ಕ /ಊಹೆ
निष्पत्तिः - > अनु + माङ् (माने) - भावे "ल्युट्" (३-३-११५)
अनुमान
पदविभागः - > नपुंसकलिङ्गः
कन्नडार्थः - > ಅನುಮಿತಿ ಜ್ಞಾನಕ್ಕೆ ಕಾರಣವಾದ ಧೂಮ ಮೊದಲಾದುದು
निष्पत्तिः - > अनु + माङ् (माने) - कर० "ल्युट्" (३-३-११७)
व्युत्पत्तिः - > अनुमीयतेऽनेन
अनुमान
पदविभागः - > नपुंसकलिङ्गः
कन्नडार्थः - > ಯುಕ್ತಿ
प्रयोगाः - > "अनुमानेन च चागमः क्षतः"
उल्लेखाः - > किरा० २-२८
अनुमान
पदविभागः - > नपुंसकलिङ्गः
कन्नडार्थः - > ಸಾದೃಶ್ಯ /ಸಾಮ್ಯ
प्रयोगाः - > "आत्मनो हृदयानुमानेन प्रेक्षसे"
उल्लेखाः - > शाकु० ५
L R Vaidya
EnglishanumAna {% n. %} 1. Inferring as the cause of an अनुमिति or conclusion drawn from given premises (in Sānkhya and Nyāya phil.)
2. inference
3. guess, conjecture
4. a logical anacoluthon by the way of inference counted among figures of speech (in rhetoric), as in ‘wherever falls the look of woman, there fall sharpened arrows
I think, therefore, that the god of love runs before them while shooting off his arrows.’ See K.Pr.x.31, and the illustration.
Abhyankara Grammar
Englishअनुमान inference, suggestion, cf. अशक्या क्रिया पिण्डीभूता निदर्शयितुम् । सासामनुमानगम्या M. Bh. on I.3.1.
Schmidt Nachtrage zum Sanskrit Worterbuch
GermanSanskrit Tibetan
Tibetanrjes dpag
अनुमान
rjes su dpag
अनुमान
rjes su dpag pa
१) अनुमान २)
rjes su dpog pa
१) अनुप्रमाण २) अनुमान
rjes su dpog par byed pa
१) अनुमान २) अनुमापक ३) अनुमित
शब्दकल्पद्रुमः
Sanskritवाचस्पत्यम्
Sanskritअनुमान अनु--मि--मा--वा भावादौ ल्युट् । व्याप्यस्यज्ञानेन व्यापकस्य निश्चये, यथा वह्निर्धूमस्य व्यापक इतिधूमस्तस्य व्याप्त इत्येवं तयोः भूयः सहचारं पाकस्थानादौदृष्ट्वा पश्चात् पर्वतादौ उद्धूयमानशिखस्य धूमस्य दर्शनेतत्र वह्निरस्तीति निश्चीयते । करणे ल्युटि । तद्धेतुभूतेधूमादौ । “तच्चानुभानं त्रिविधमिति” चित्तामणिः ।श्रुतेरेच स्वतः प्रामाण्यं, यत्र श्रुतिः साक्षात् न श्रूयतेतत्र स्मृतिवाक्यात् श्रुतिवाक्यमनुभीयते इति श्रुत्यनुमापकंस्मृतिवाक्यमप्यनुमानपदेनाभिधीयते इति मीमांसकाः ।“विरोधे त्वनपेक्षमसति ह्यनुमानमिति जै० मू० । इयंस्मृतिः वेदमूलिका आप्तवाक्यत्वादित्येवमनुमानाकारःइति । “दृष्टमनुमानमाप्तवचनञ्च सर्व्वप्रमाणसिद्धत्वादितिसा० का० । “अतीन्द्रियस्य सिद्धिरनुमानादिति” सांख्य० सू०“प्रत्यक्षपरिकलितमप्यर्थमनुमानेन वुभुत्सन्ते” इति वाच०“प्रत्यक्षमनुमानं च शास्त्रञ्च विविधागममिति मनुः ।“एवमनुमाने निरूपिते तस्मात् पुरुषधौरेयसिद्धिरिति”चिन्ता० “नानुमानं रसादीनामिति सा० द० “सपरिकरमनुमानं निरूप्येति” चिन्तामणिदीधितिः ।
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